[519ee45] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
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| 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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| 15 | </indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 18 | <title/>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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| 21 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <segmentedlist>
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| 24 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 25 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 26 |
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| 27 | <seglistitem>
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| 28 | <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 29 | <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-du;</seg>
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| 30 | </seglistitem>
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| 31 | </segmentedlist>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | </sect2>
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| 34 |
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| 35 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 36 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
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| 37 |
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| 38 | <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
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| 39 | system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
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| 40 | processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
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| 41 | not be running in the new run-level. While doing this,
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| 42 | <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
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| 43 | the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
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| 44 | signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
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| 45 | misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
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| 46 | <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
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| 47 | instead:</para>
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| 48 |
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| 49 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's@Sending processes@& started by init@g' \
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| 50 | src/init.c</userinput></screen>
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| 51 |
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| 52 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 53 |
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| 54 | <screen><userinput>make -C src</userinput></screen>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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| 57 |
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| 58 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 59 |
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| 60 | <screen><userinput>make -C src install</userinput></screen>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | </sect2>
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| 63 |
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| 64 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
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| 65 | <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
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| 66 |
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| 67 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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| 68 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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| 69 | <secondary>configuring</secondary>
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| 70 | </indexterm>
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| 71 |
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| 72 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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| 73 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
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| 74 | </indexterm>
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| 75 |
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| 76 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
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| 77 | following:</para>
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| 78 |
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| 79 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"
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| 80 | <literal># Begin /etc/inittab
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| 81 |
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| 82 | id:3:initdefault:
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| 83 |
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| 84 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
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| 85 |
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| 86 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
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| 87 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
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| 88 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
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| 89 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
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| 90 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
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| 91 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
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| 92 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
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| 93 |
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| 94 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
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| 95 |
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| 96 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
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| 97 |
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| 98 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600
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| 99 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600
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| 100 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600
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| 101 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600
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| 102 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600
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| 103 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600
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| 104 |
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| 105 | # End /etc/inittab</literal>
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| 106 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 107 |
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| 108 | </sect2>
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| 109 |
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| 110 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
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| 111 | <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | <segmentedlist>
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| 114 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <seglistitem>
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| 117 | <seg>bootlogd, halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg,
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| 118 | mountpoint, pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt),
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| 119 | reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin,
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| 120 | telinit (link to init), utmpdump, and wall</seg>
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| 121 | </seglistitem>
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| 122 | </segmentedlist>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <variablelist>
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| 125 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 126 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 127 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <varlistentry id="bootlogd">
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| 130 | <term><command>bootlogd</command></term>
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| 131 | <listitem>
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| 132 | <para>Logs boot messages to a log file</para>
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| 133 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit bootlogd">
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| 134 | <primary sortas="b-bootlogd">bootlogd</primary>
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| 135 | </indexterm>
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| 136 | </listitem>
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| 137 | </varlistentry>
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| 138 |
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| 139 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 140 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 141 | <listitem>
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| 142 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 143 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 144 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 145 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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| 146 | brought down</para>
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| 147 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
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| 148 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 149 | </indexterm>
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| 150 | </listitem>
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| 151 | </varlistentry>
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| 152 |
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| 153 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 154 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 155 | <listitem>
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| 156 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 157 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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| 158 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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| 159 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
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| 160 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 161 | </indexterm>
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| 162 | </listitem>
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| 163 | </varlistentry>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <varlistentry id="killall5">
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| 166 | <term><command>killall5</command></term>
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| 167 | <listitem>
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| 168 | <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
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| 169 | session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
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| 170 | it</para>
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| 171 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
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| 172 | <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
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| 173 | </indexterm>
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| 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <varlistentry id="last">
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| 178 | <term><command>last</command></term>
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| 179 | <listitem>
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| 180 | <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
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| 181 | through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
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| 182 | system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
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| 183 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
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| 184 | <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
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| 185 | </indexterm>
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| 186 | </listitem>
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| 187 | </varlistentry>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <varlistentry id="lastb">
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| 190 | <term><command>lastb</command></term>
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| 191 | <listitem>
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| 192 | <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
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| 193 | <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
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| 194 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
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| 195 | <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
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| 196 | </indexterm>
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| 197 | </listitem>
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| 198 | </varlistentry>
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| 199 |
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| 200 | <varlistentry id="mesg">
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| 201 | <term><command>mesg</command></term>
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| 202 | <listitem>
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| 203 | <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
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| 204 | user's terminal</para>
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| 205 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
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| 206 | <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
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| 207 | </indexterm>
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| 208 | </listitem>
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| 209 | </varlistentry>
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| 210 |
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| 211 | <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
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| 212 | <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
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| 213 | <listitem>
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| 214 | <para>Checks if the directory is a mountpoint</para>
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| 215 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint">
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| 216 | <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
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| 217 | </indexterm>
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| 218 | </listitem>
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| 219 | </varlistentry>
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| 220 |
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| 221 | <varlistentry id="pidof">
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| 222 | <term><command>pidof</command></term>
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| 223 | <listitem>
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| 224 | <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
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| 225 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
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| 226 | <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
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| 227 | </indexterm>
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| 228 | </listitem>
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| 229 | </varlistentry>
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| 230 |
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| 231 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
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| 232 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
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| 233 | <listitem>
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| 234 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
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| 235 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 236 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
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| 237 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
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| 238 | </indexterm>
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| 239 | </listitem>
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| 240 | </varlistentry>
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| 241 |
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| 242 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
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| 243 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
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| 244 | <listitem>
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| 245 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
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| 246 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 247 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
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| 248 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
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| 249 | </indexterm>
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| 250 | </listitem>
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| 251 | </varlistentry>
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| 252 |
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| 253 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
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| 254 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
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| 255 | <listitem>
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| 256 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
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| 257 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
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| 258 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
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| 259 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
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| 260 | </indexterm>
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| 261 | </listitem>
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| 262 | </varlistentry>
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| 263 |
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| 264 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
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| 265 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
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| 266 | <listitem>
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| 267 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
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| 268 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
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| 269 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
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| 270 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
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| 271 | </indexterm>
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| 272 | </listitem>
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| 273 | </varlistentry>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <varlistentry id="sulogin">
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| 276 | <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
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| 277 | <listitem>
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| 278 | <para>Allows <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to log in;
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| 279 | it is normally invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes
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| 280 | into single user mode</para>
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| 281 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
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| 282 | <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
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| 283 | </indexterm>
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| 284 | </listitem>
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| 285 | </varlistentry>
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| 286 |
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| 287 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
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| 288 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
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| 289 | <listitem>
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| 290 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
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| 291 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
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| 292 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
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| 293 | </indexterm>
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| 294 | </listitem>
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| 295 | </varlistentry>
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| 296 |
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| 297 | <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
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| 298 | <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
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| 299 | <listitem>
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| 300 | <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
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| 301 | user-friendly format</para>
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| 302 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
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| 303 | <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
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| 304 | </indexterm>
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| 305 | </listitem>
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| 306 | </varlistentry>
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| 307 |
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| 308 | <varlistentry id="wall">
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| 309 | <term><command>wall</command></term>
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| 310 | <listitem>
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| 311 | <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
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| 312 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall">
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| 313 | <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
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| 314 | </indexterm>
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| 315 | </listitem>
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| 316 | </varlistentry>
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| 317 |
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| 318 | </variablelist>
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| 319 |
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| 320 | </sect2>
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| 321 |
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| 322 | </sect1>
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