[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[1770019] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
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[673b0d8] | 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[81fd230] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
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[673b0d8] | 7 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
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| 8 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit"><primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary></indexterm>
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[6370fa6] | 11 |
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[a001133] | 12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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[81fd230] | 13 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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| 14 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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[5888299] | 15 |
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[a001133] | 16 | <segmentedlist>
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| 17 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 18 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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[fc1024a] | 19 | <seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1012 KB</seg></seglistitem>
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[a001133] | 20 | </segmentedlist>
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[673b0d8] | 21 |
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[81fd230] | 22 | <segmentedlist>
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[45992ae] | 23 | <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
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[81fd230] | 24 | <seglistitem><seg>Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, and Make</seg></seglistitem>
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| 25 | </segmentedlist>
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[a001133] | 26 | </sect2>
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[3554fa3a] | 27 |
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[a001133] | 28 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[73aedd1d] | 29 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
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| 30 |
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[81fd230] | 31 | <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
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| 32 | system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
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| 33 | processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
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| 34 | not be running in the new run-level. While doing this,
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| 35 | <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
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| 36 | the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
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| 37 | signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
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| 38 | misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
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| 39 | <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
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| 40 | instead:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 41 |
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[2ec4b60] | 42 | <screen><userinput>sed -i 's@Sending processes@& started by init@g' \
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| 43 | src/init.c</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 44 |
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[81fd230] | 45 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 46 |
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| 47 | <screen><userinput>make -C src</userinput></screen>
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| 48 |
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[81fd230] | 49 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 50 |
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| 51 | <screen><userinput>make -C src install</userinput></screen>
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| 52 |
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[c851a9a] | 53 | <beginpage/>
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[5888299] | 54 |
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[c851a9a] | 55 | </sect2>
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[342b176] | 56 |
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[df8334f] | 57 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
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[81fd230] | 58 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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| 59 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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| 60 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
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| 61 |
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| 62 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit"><primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary></indexterm>
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[673b0d8] | 63 |
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[81fd230] | 64 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
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| 65 | following:</para>
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[342b176] | 66 |
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[8ad7980] | 67 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"
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[d72e04a] | 68 | <literal># Begin /etc/inittab
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[342b176] | 69 |
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| 70 | id:3:initdefault:
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| 71 |
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| 72 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
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| 73 |
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| 74 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
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| 75 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
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| 76 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
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| 77 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
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| 78 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
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| 79 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
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| 80 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
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| 81 |
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| 82 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
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| 83 |
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| 84 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
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| 85 |
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[b32e803] | 86 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty1 9600
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| 87 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty2 9600
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| 88 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty3 9600
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| 89 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty4 9600
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| 90 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty5 9600
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| 91 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty -I '\033(K' tty6 9600
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[342b176] | 92 |
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[d72e04a] | 93 | # End /etc/inittab</literal>
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[8ad7980] | 94 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[342b176] | 95 |
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[81fd230] | 96 | <para>The <parameter>-I '\033(K'</parameter> option tells
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| 97 | <command>agetty</command> to send this escape sequence to the terminal
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| 98 | before doing anything else. This escape sequence switches the console
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| 99 | character set to a user-defined one, which can be modified by running
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| 100 | the <command>setfont</command> program. The <command>console</command>
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| 101 | initscript from the LFS-Bootscripts package calls the <command>setfont</command>
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| 102 | program during system startup. Sending this escape sequence is
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| 103 | necessary for people who use non-ISO 8859-1 screen fonts, but it does
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[c184525] | 104 | not affect native English speakers.</para>
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[81fd230] | 105 |
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[c851a9a] | 106 | <beginpage/>
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[5888299] | 107 |
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[c851a9a] | 108 | </sect2>
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[5888299] | 109 |
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[c6cb3aa] | 110 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content"><title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
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[673b0d8] | 111 |
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[81fd230] | 112 | <segmentedlist>
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| 113 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 114 | <seglistitem><seg>halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof (link to
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| 115 | killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit
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| 116 | (link to init), utmpdump, and wall</seg></seglistitem>
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| 117 | </segmentedlist>
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[c6cb3aa] | 118 |
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[81fd230] | 119 | <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 120 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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[8f97096] | 121 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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[81fd230] | 122 |
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| 123 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 124 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 125 | <listitem>
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| 126 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 127 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 128 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 129 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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| 130 | brought down</para>
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| 131 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt"><primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary></indexterm>
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| 132 | </listitem>
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| 133 | </varlistentry>
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| 134 |
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| 135 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 136 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 137 | <listitem>
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| 138 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 139 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and
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| 140 | starts all the proceses it is instructed to</para>
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| 141 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init"><primary sortas="b-init">init</primary></indexterm>
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| 142 | </listitem>
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| 143 | </varlistentry>
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| 144 |
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| 145 | <varlistentry id="killall5">
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| 146 | <term><command>killall5</command></term>
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| 147 | <listitem>
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| 148 | <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
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| 149 | session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
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| 150 | it</para>
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| 151 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5"><primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary></indexterm>
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| 152 | </listitem>
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| 153 | </varlistentry>
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| 154 |
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| 155 | <varlistentry id="last">
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| 156 | <term><command>last</command></term>
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| 157 | <listitem>
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| 158 | <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out),
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| 159 | searching back through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it
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| 160 | also shows system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
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| 161 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last"><primary sortas="b-last">last</primary></indexterm>
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| 162 | </listitem>
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| 163 | </varlistentry>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <varlistentry id="lastb">
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| 166 | <term><command>lastb</command></term>
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| 167 | <listitem>
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| 168 | <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
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| 169 | <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
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| 170 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb"><primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary></indexterm>
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| 171 | </listitem>
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| 172 | </varlistentry>
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| 173 |
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| 174 | <varlistentry id="mesg">
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| 175 | <term><command>mesg</command></term>
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| 176 | <listitem>
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| 177 | <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
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| 178 | user's terminal</para>
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| 179 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg"><primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary></indexterm>
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| 180 | </listitem>
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| 181 | </varlistentry>
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[73aedd1d] | 182 |
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[b8dd5d4e] | 183 | <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
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| 184 | <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
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| 185 | <listitem>
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[3f0c882] | 186 | <para>Checks if the directory is a mountpoint</para>
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[b8dd5d4e] | 187 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint"><primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary></indexterm>
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[c6cb3aa] | 188 | </listitem>
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| 189 | </varlistentry>
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[673b0d8] | 190 |
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[81fd230] | 191 | <varlistentry id="pidof">
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| 192 | <term><command>pidof</command></term>
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| 193 | <listitem>
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| 194 | <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
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| 195 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof"><primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary></indexterm>
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| 196 | </listitem>
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| 197 | </varlistentry>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
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| 200 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
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| 201 | <listitem>
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| 202 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
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| 203 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 204 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff"><primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary></indexterm>
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| 205 | </listitem>
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| 206 | </varlistentry>
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| 207 |
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| 208 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
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| 209 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
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| 210 | <listitem>
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| 211 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
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| 212 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 213 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot"><primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary></indexterm>
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| 214 | </listitem>
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| 215 | </varlistentry>
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| 216 |
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| 217 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
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| 218 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
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| 219 | <listitem>
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| 220 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the last run-level
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| 221 | record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
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| 222 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel"><primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary></indexterm>
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| 223 | </listitem>
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| 224 | </varlistentry>
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| 225 |
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| 226 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
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| 227 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
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| 228 | <listitem>
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| 229 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
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| 230 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
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| 231 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown"><primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary></indexterm>
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| 232 | </listitem>
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| 233 | </varlistentry>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <varlistentry id="sulogin">
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| 236 | <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
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| 237 | <listitem>
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| 238 | <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is
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| 239 | normally invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single user mode</para>
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| 240 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin"><primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary></indexterm>
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| 241 | </listitem>
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| 242 | </varlistentry>
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| 243 |
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| 244 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
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| 245 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
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| 246 | <listitem>
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| 247 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
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| 248 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit"><primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary></indexterm>
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| 249 | </listitem>
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| 250 | </varlistentry>
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| 251 |
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| 252 | <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
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| 253 | <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
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| 254 | <listitem>
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| 255 | <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
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| 256 | user-friendly format</para>
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| 257 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump"><primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary></indexterm>
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| 258 | </listitem>
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| 259 | </varlistentry>
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| 260 |
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| 261 | <varlistentry id="wall">
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| 262 | <term><command>wall</command></term>
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| 263 | <listitem>
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| 264 | <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
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| 265 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall"><primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary></indexterm>
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| 266 | </listitem>
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| 267 | </varlistentry>
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| 268 | </variablelist>
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[673b0d8] | 269 |
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| 270 | </sect2>
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| 271 |
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| 272 | </sect1>
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[81fd230] | 273 |
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