1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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4 | %general-entities;
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5 | ]>
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6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" xreflabel="Sysvinit">
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7 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
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8 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
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9 |
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10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit"><primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary></indexterm>
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11 |
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12 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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13 | running, and shutdown of your system.</para>
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14 |
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15 | <screen>&buildtime; 0.1 SBU
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16 | &diskspace; 0.9 MB</screen>
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17 |
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18 | <para>Sysvinit installation depends on: Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, Make.</para>
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19 |
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20 |
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21 |
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22 | <sect2>
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23 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
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24 |
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25 | <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the system),
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26 | <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those processes that
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27 | <command>init</command> itself started and that shouldn't be running in the new
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28 | run-level. While doing this, <command>init</command> outputs messages like
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29 | <quote>Sending processes the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
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30 | misinterpretation, you can modify the source so that these messages read like
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31 | <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote> instead:</para>
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32 |
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33 | <screen><userinput>cp src/init.c{,.backup}
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34 | sed 's/Sending processes/& started by init/g' \
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35 | src/init.c.backup > src/init.c</userinput></screen>
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36 |
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37 | <para>Compile Sysvinit:</para>
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38 |
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39 | <screen><userinput>make -C src</userinput></screen>
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40 |
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41 | <para>Then install it:</para>
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42 |
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43 | <screen><userinput>make -C src install</userinput></screen>
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44 |
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45 | </sect2>
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46 |
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47 |
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48 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit"><title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
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49 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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50 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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51 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
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52 |
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53 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit"><primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary></indexterm>
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54 |
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55 | <para>Create a new <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> file by running the
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56 | following:</para>
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57 |
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58 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"</userinput>
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59 | # Begin /etc/inittab
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60 |
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61 | id:3:initdefault:
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62 |
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63 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
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64 |
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65 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
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66 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
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67 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
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68 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
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69 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
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70 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
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71 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
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72 |
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73 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
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74 |
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75 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
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76 |
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77 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600
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78 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600
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79 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600
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80 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600
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81 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600
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82 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600
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83 |
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84 | # End /etc/inittab
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85 | <userinput>EOF</userinput></screen>
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86 |
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87 | </sect2>
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88 |
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89 |
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90 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit"><title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
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91 |
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92 | <para><emphasis>Installed programs</emphasis>: halt, init, killall5, last,
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93 | lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt),
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94 | reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init),
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95 | utmpdump and wall</para>
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96 |
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97 | </sect2>
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98 |
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99 |
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100 | <sect2><title>Short descriptions</title>
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101 |
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102 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt"><primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary></indexterm>
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103 | <para id="halt"><command>halt</command> normally invokes shutdown with the -h flag,
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104 | except when already in run-level 0, then it tells the kernel to halt the system.
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105 | But first it notes in the file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the
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106 | system is being brought down.</para>
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107 |
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108 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init"><primary sortas="b-init">init</primary></indexterm>
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109 | <para id="init"><command>init</command> is the mother of all processes. It reads its
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110 | commands from <filename>/etc/inittab</filename>, which normally tell it which
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111 | scripts to run for which run-level, and how many gettys to spawn.</para>
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112 |
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113 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5"><primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary></indexterm>
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114 | <para id="killall5"><command>killall5</command> sends a signal to all processes, except
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115 | the processes in its own session -- so it won't kill the shell running the
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116 | script that called it.</para>
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117 |
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118 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last"><primary sortas="b-last">last</primary></indexterm>
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119 | <para id="last"><command>last</command> shows which users last logged in (and out),
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120 | searching back through the file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename>. It can
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121 | also show system boots and shutdowns, and run-level changes.</para>
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122 |
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123 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb"><primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary></indexterm>
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124 | <para id="lastb"><command>lastb</command> shows the failed login attempts, as logged
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125 | in <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename>.</para>
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126 |
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127 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg"><primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary></indexterm>
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128 | <para id="mesg"><command>mesg</command> controls whether other users can send
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129 | messages to the current user's terminal.</para>
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130 |
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131 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof"><primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary></indexterm>
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132 | <para id="pidof"><command>pidof</command> reports the PIDs of the given programs.</para>
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133 |
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134 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff"><primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary></indexterm>
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135 | <para id="poweroff"><command>poweroff</command> tells the kernel to halt the system and
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136 | switch off the computer. But see halt.</para>
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137 |
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138 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot"><primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary></indexterm>
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139 | <para id="reboot"><command>reboot</command> tells the kernel to reboot the system.
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140 | But see halt.</para>
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141 |
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142 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel"><primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary></indexterm>
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143 | <para id="runlevel"><command>runlevel</command> reports the previous and the current
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144 | run-level, as noted in the last run-level record in
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145 | <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename>.</para>
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146 |
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147 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown"><primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary></indexterm>
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148 | <para id="shutdown"><command>shutdown</command> brings the system down in a secure way,
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149 | signaling all processes and notifying all logged-in users.</para>
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150 |
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151 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin"><primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary></indexterm>
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152 | <para id="sulogin"><command>sulogin</command> allows the superuser to log in. It is
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153 | normally invoked by init when the system goes into single user mode.</para>
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154 |
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155 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit"><primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary></indexterm>
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156 | <para id="telinit"><command>telinit</command> tells init which run-level to enter.</para>
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157 |
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158 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump"><primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary></indexterm>
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159 | <para id="utmpdump"><command>utmpdump</command> displays the content of the given login
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160 | file in a friendlier format.</para>
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161 |
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162 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall"><primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary></indexterm>
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163 | <para id="wall"><command>wall</command> writes a message to all logged-in users.</para>
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164 |
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165 | </sect2>
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166 |
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167 |
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168 |
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169 | </sect1>
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