[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 4 | %general-entities;
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| 5 | ]>
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[3be4d97] | 6 | <sect1 id="ch-scripts-hosts">
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[69993f4] | 7 | <title>Creating the /etc/hosts File</title>
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[673b0d8] | 8 | <?dbhtml filename="hosts.html"?>
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| 9 |
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| 10 | <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts"><primary sortas="e-/etc/hosts">/etc/hosts</primary></indexterm>
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| 11 |
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| 12 | <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts">
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| 13 | <primary sortas="d-localnet">localnet</primary>
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| 14 | <secondary>/etc/hosts</secondary></indexterm>
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| 15 |
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| 16 | <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts">
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| 17 | <primary sortas="d-network">network</primary>
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| 18 | <secondary>/etc/hosts</secondary></indexterm>
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[b08f409] | 19 |
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[5ba3d1d] | 20 | <para>If a network card is to be configured, decide on the IP-address,
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| 21 | FQDN, and possible aliases for use in the
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| 22 | <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file. The syntax is:</para>
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[b822811] | 23 |
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[0afaac4] | 24 | <screen><IP address> myhost.example.org aliases</screen>
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[b822811] | 25 |
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[5ba3d1d] | 26 | <para>Unless the computer is to be visible to the Internet (e.g.,
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| 27 | there is a registered domain and a valid block of assigned IP
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[69993f4] | 28 | addresses—most users do not have this), make sure that the IP
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[5ba3d1d] | 29 | address is in the private network IP address range. Valid ranges
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| 30 | are:</para>
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[b822811] | 31 |
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[21ba4e3] | 32 | <screen> Class Networks
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[b08f409] | 33 | A 10.0.0.0
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| 34 | B 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.0.0
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[21ba4e3] | 35 | C 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.0</screen>
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[b822811] | 36 |
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[5ba3d1d] | 37 | <para>A valid IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for this
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| 38 | IP could be www.linuxfromscratch.org (not recommended because this is
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| 39 | a valid registered domain address and could cause domain name server
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| 40 | issues).</para>
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[b822811] | 41 |
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[5ba3d1d] | 42 | <para>Even if not using a network card, an FQDN is still required.
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| 43 | This is necessary for certain programs to operate correctly.</para>
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[b822811] | 44 |
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[5fc710e] | 45 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file by running:</para>
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[b822811] | 46 |
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[f67f5cf] | 47 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"
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[3890f5a] | 48 | <literal># Begin /etc/hosts (network card version)
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[b08f409] | 49 |
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[0afaac4] | 50 | 127.0.0.1 localhost
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[3890f5a] | 51 | <replaceable>[192.168.1.1]</replaceable> <replaceable>[<HOSTNAME>.example.org]</replaceable> <replaceable>[HOSTNAME]</replaceable>
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[b08f409] | 52 |
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[3890f5a] | 53 | # End /etc/hosts (network card version)</literal>
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[f67f5cf] | 54 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[b08f409] | 55 |
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[5ba3d1d] | 56 | <para>The <replaceable>[192.168.1.1]</replaceable> and
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[3be2393] | 57 | <replaceable>[<HOSTNAME>.example.org]</replaceable>
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[69993f4] | 58 | values need to be changed for specific users or requirements (if
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[5ba3d1d] | 59 | assigned an IP address by a network/system administrator and the
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| 60 | machine will be connected to an existing network).</para>
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[b08f409] | 61 |
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[38bb44a] | 62 | <beginpage/>
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[5fc710e] | 63 | <para>If a network card is not going to be configured, create the
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| 64 | <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file by running:</para>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/hosts << "EOF"
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| 67 | <literal># Begin /etc/hosts (no network card version)
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| 68 |
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| 69 | 127.0.0.1 <replaceable>[<HOSTNAME>.example.org]</replaceable> <replaceable>[HOSTNAME]</replaceable> localhost
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| 70 |
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| 71 | # End /etc/hosts (no network card version)</literal>
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| 72 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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| 73 |
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[b08f409] | 74 | </sect1>
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[5ba3d1d] | 75 |
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