source: chapter07/hosts.xml@ c2133bc

Last change on this file since c2133bc was c2133bc, checked in by Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@…>, 19 years ago

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git-svn-id: http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/multi-arch/BOOK@4605 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
3 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
4 %general-entities;
5]>
6<sect1 id="ch-scripts-hosts">
7<title>Creating the /etc/hosts File</title>
8<?dbhtml filename="hosts.html"?>
9
10<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts"><primary sortas="e-/etc/hosts">/etc/hosts</primary></indexterm>
11
12<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts">
13<primary sortas="d-localnet">localnet</primary>
14<secondary>/etc/hosts</secondary></indexterm>
15
16<indexterm zone="ch-scripts-hosts">
17<primary sortas="d-network">network</primary>
18<secondary>/etc/hosts</secondary></indexterm>
19
20<para>If a network card is to be configured, decide on the IP-address,
21FQDN, and possible aliases for use in the
22<filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file. The syntax is:</para>
23
24<screen>&lt;IP address&gt; myhost.example.org aliases</screen>
25
26<para>Unless the computer is to be visible to the Internet (e.g.,
27there is a registered domain and a valid block of assigned IP
28addresses&mdash;most users do not have this), make sure that the IP
29address is in the private network IP address range. Valid ranges
30are:</para>
31
32<screen> Class Networks
33 A 10.0.0.0
34 B 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.0.0
35 C 192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.0</screen>
36
37<para>A valid IP address could be 192.168.1.1. A valid FQDN for this
38IP could be www.linuxfromscratch.org (not recommended because this is
39a valid registered domain address and could cause domain name server
40issues).</para>
41
42<para>Even if not using a network card, an FQDN is still required.
43This is necessary for certain programs to operate correctly.</para>
44
45<para>Create the <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file by running:</para>
46
47<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; "EOF"
48<literal># Begin /etc/hosts (network card version)
49
50127.0.0.1 localhost
51<replaceable>[192.168.1.1]</replaceable> <replaceable>[&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;.example.org]</replaceable> <replaceable>[HOSTNAME]</replaceable>
52
53# End /etc/hosts (network card version)</literal>
54EOF</userinput></screen>
55
56<para>The <replaceable>[192.168.1.1]</replaceable> and
57<replaceable>[&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;.example.org]</replaceable>
58values need to be changed for specific users or requirements (if
59assigned an IP address by a network/system administrator and the
60machine will be connected to an existing network).</para>
61
62<beginpage/>
63<para>If a network card is not going to be configured, create the
64<filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file by running:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/hosts &lt;&lt; "EOF"
67<literal># Begin /etc/hosts (no network card version)
68
69127.0.0.1 <replaceable>[&lt;HOSTNAME&gt;.example.org]</replaceable> <replaceable>[HOSTNAME]</replaceable> localhost
70
71# End /etc/hosts (no network card version)</literal>
72EOF</userinput></screen>
73
74</sect1>
75
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