[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[b06ca36] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[673b0d8] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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[d781ffb] | 7 |
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[3be4d97] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-scripts-network">
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[d781ffb] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="network.html"?>
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| 10 |
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[0cda898] | 11 | <title>General Network Configuration</title>
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[d781ffb] | 12 |
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| 13 | <indexterm zone="ch-scripts-network">
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| 14 | <primary sortas="d-network">network</primary>
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| 15 | <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <para>This section only applies if a network card is to be
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| 18 | configured.</para>
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| 19 |
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| 20 | <sect2>
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| 21 | <title>Creating Network Interface Configuration Files</title>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <para>Which interfaces are brought up and down by the network script
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[0cda898] | 24 | depends on the files in <filename
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| 25 | class="directory">/etc/sysconfig/</filename>. This directory should
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| 26 | contain a file for each interface to be configured, such as
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[a2e555d] | 27 | <filename>ifconfig.xyz</filename>, where <quote>xyz</quote> is
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[0cda898] | 28 | meaningful to the administrator such as the device name (e.g. eth0).
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| 29 | Inside this file are attributes to this interface, such as its IP
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[ce5ebe1] | 30 | address(es), subnet masks, and so forth. It is necessary that
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[0cda898] | 31 | the stem of the filename be <emphasis>ifconfig</emphasis>.</para>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <para>The following command creates a sample file for the
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| 34 | <emphasis>eth0</emphasis> device with a static IP address:</para>
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| 35 |
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| 36 | <screen><userinput>cd /etc/sysconfig/
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| 37 | cat > ifconfig.eth0 << "EOF"
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[d72e04a] | 38 | <literal>ONBOOT=yes
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[0cda898] | 39 | IFACE=eth0
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[a088964] | 40 | SERVICE=ipv4-static
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[00a2bd12] | 41 | IP=192.168.1.1
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[ba85054d] | 42 | GATEWAY=192.168.1.2
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[c0155c7] | 43 | PREFIX=24
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[d72e04a] | 44 | BROADCAST=192.168.1.255</literal>
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[f67f5cf] | 45 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[00a2bd12] | 46 |
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[d781ffb] | 47 | <para>The values of these variables must be changed in every file to match
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[0cda898] | 48 | the proper setup.</para>
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| 49 |
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| 50 | <para>If the <envar>ONBOOT</envar> variable is set to <quote>yes</quote> the
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| 51 | network script will bring up the Network Interface Card (NIC) during
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| 52 | booting of the system. If set to anything but <quote>yes</quote> the NIC
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| 53 | will be ignored by the network script and not be automatically brought up.
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| 54 | The interface can be manually started or stopped with the
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| 55 | <command>ifup</command> and <command>ifdown</command> commands.</para>
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| 56 |
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| 57 | <para>The <envar>IFACE</envar> variable defines the interface name,
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[ce5ebe1] | 58 | for example, eth0. It is required for all network device configuration
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[0cda898] | 59 | files. </para>
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[d781ffb] | 60 |
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| 61 | <para>The <envar>SERVICE</envar> variable defines the method used for
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| 62 | obtaining the IP address. The LFS-Bootscripts package has a modular IP
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| 63 | assignment format, and creating additional files in the <filename
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[f874424] | 64 | class="directory">/lib/services/</filename> directory allows other IP
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[0cda898] | 65 | assignment methods. This is commonly used for Dynamic Host Configuration
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| 66 | Protocol (DHCP), which is addressed in the BLFS book.</para>
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[d781ffb] | 67 |
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| 68 | <para>The <envar>GATEWAY</envar> variable should contain the default
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| 69 | gateway IP address, if one is present. If not, then comment out the
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| 70 | variable entirely.</para>
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| 71 |
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[19e4f62] | 72 | <para>The <envar>PREFIX</envar> variable contains the number of
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[d781ffb] | 73 | bits used in the subnet. Each octet in an IP address is 8 bits. If the
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| 74 | subnet's netmask is 255.255.255.0, then it is using the first three octets
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| 75 | (24 bits) to specify the network number. If the netmask is 255.255.255.240,
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| 76 | it would be using the first 28 bits. Prefixes longer than 24 bits are
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| 77 | commonly used by DSL and cable-based Internet Service Providers (ISPs).
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| 78 | In this example (PREFIX=24), the netmask is 255.255.255.0. Adjust the
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[a3af16f] | 79 | <envar>PREFIX</envar> variable according to your specific subnet.
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[970a126] | 80 | If omitted, the PREFIX defaults to 24.</para>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <para>For more information see the <command>ifup</command> man page.</para>
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[d781ffb] | 83 |
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| 84 | </sect2>
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| 85 |
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| 86 | <sect2 id="resolv.conf">
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| 87 | <title>Creating the /etc/resolv.conf File</title>
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| 88 |
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| 89 | <indexterm zone="resolv.conf">
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| 90 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/resolv.conf">/etc/resolv.conf</primary>
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| 91 | </indexterm>
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| 92 |
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| 93 | <para>If the system is going to be connected to the Internet, it will
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| 94 | need some means of Domain Name Service (DNS) name resolution to
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| 95 | resolve Internet domain names to IP addresses, and vice versa. This is
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| 96 | best achieved by placing the IP address of the DNS server, available
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| 97 | from the ISP or network administrator, into
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| 98 | <filename>/etc/resolv.conf</filename>. Create the file by running the
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| 99 | following:</para>
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[45340ae] | 100 |
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[f67f5cf] | 101 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/resolv.conf << "EOF"
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[d72e04a] | 102 | <literal># Begin /etc/resolv.conf
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[45340ae] | 103 |
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[4b51ca76] | 104 | domain <replaceable><Your Domain Name></replaceable>
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[0090db5] | 105 | nameserver <replaceable><IP address of your primary nameserver></replaceable>
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| 106 | nameserver <replaceable><IP address of your secondary nameserver></replaceable>
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[45340ae] | 107 |
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[d72e04a] | 108 | # End /etc/resolv.conf</literal>
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[f67f5cf] | 109 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[45340ae] | 110 |
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[0cda898] | 111 | <para>The <varname>domain</varname> statement can be omitted
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| 112 | or replaced with a <varname>search</varname> statement. See the man page for
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| 113 | resolv.conf for more details.</para>
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| 114 |
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[0090db5] | 115 | <para>Replace <replaceable><IP address of the nameserver></replaceable>
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[d781ffb] | 116 | with the IP address of the DNS most appropriate for the setup. There will
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| 117 | often be more than one entry (requirements demand secondary servers for
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| 118 | fallback capability). If you only need or want one DNS server, remove the
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| 119 | second <emphasis>nameserver</emphasis> line from the file. The IP address
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| 120 | may also be a router on the local network.</para>
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[45340ae] | 121 |
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[0cda898] | 122 | <note><para>The Google Public IPv4 DNS addresses are 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4.</para></note>
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| 123 |
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[d781ffb] | 124 | </sect2>
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[81fd230] | 125 |
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[d781ffb] | 126 | </sect1>
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