source: chapter07/profile.xml@ b32e803

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  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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<sect1 id="ch-scripts-profile">
<title>The Bash Shell Startup Files</title>
<?dbhtml filename="profile.html"?>

<para>The shell program <filename>/bin/bash</filename> (hereafter
referred to as just "the shell") uses a collection of startup files to
help create an environment to run in.  Each file has a specific use and
may affect login and interactive environments differently.  The files in
the <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> directory generally provide global
settings. If an equivalent file exists in your home directory it may
override the global settings.
</para>

<para>An interactive login shell is started after a successful login, using
<filename>/bin/login</filename>, by reading the
<filename>/etc/passwd</filename> file.  An
interactive non-login shell is started at the command-line (e.g.
<prompt>[prompt]$</prompt><command>/bin/bash</command>).  A non-interactive 
shell is usually present when a shell script is running.  It is non-interactive
because it is processing a script and not waiting for user input between
commands.</para>

<para>For more information see <command>info bash</command> -- 
<emphasis role="strong">Nodes: Bash Startup Files and Interactive
Shells.</emphasis></para>

<para>The files <filename>/etc/profile</filename> and
<filename>~/.bash_profile</filename> are read when the shell is invoked
as an interactive login shell.</para>

<para>A base <filename>/etc/profile</filename> created below only sets some
environment variables necessary for Bash to accept keystrokes properly,
even in non-English locale. Replace "ll" with the
two-letter code for your language (e.g. "en") and
"CC" with the two-letter code for your country
(e.g. "GB"). Also you may need to specify
(and this is actually the preferred form) your
character encoding (e.g. "iso8859-1") after a dot (so that the result
is "en_GB.iso8859-1").
Issue the following command for more information:</para>

<screen><userinput>man 3 setlocale</userinput></screen>

<para>The list of all locales supported by glibc can be obtained by running
the following command:</para>

<screen><userinput>locale -a</userinput></screen>

<para>Now, when you are sure about your locale settings, create the
<filename>/etc/profile</filename> file:</para>
<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/profile &lt;&lt; "EOF"
# Begin /etc/profile
# Written for Linux From Scratch
# by Alexander E. Patrakov

export LC_ALL=ll_CC
export LANG=ll_CC
export INPUTRC=/etc/inputrc

# End /etc/profile
EOF</userinput></screen>

<para>Setting the keyboard layout,
the screen font and the locale-related environment variables
are the only internationalization steps needed to support
locales that use ordinary single-byte encodings and left-to-right
writing direction. More complex cases (including UTF-8 based locales)
require additional steps and additional patches because many applications
tend to break in such conditions. Because of too little educational
value for a typical reader, these steps and patches are not included
in the LFS book and such locales are not supported by LFS in any way.
</para>
</sect1>