source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 6a156bab

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Last change on this file since 6a156bab was 6a156bab, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 4 years ago

Mostly text updates in Chapter 8.
There are a couple of minor command changes.

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[fcc02767]1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
[fb386e0]36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
[fcc02767]38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
62 --disable-werror \
63 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
64 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
65 --with-headers=/usr/include \
66 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
67 <!-- WIP -->
68 <variablelist>
69 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
[6a156bab]70<!--
[fcc02767]71 <varlistentry>
72 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=$LFS_DIR=$DIR"</parameter></term>
73 <listitem>
74 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in <filename
75 class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu</filename>
76 in result of the compilation as if the files resided in <filename
77 class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</filename>.
78 This avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging
79 symbols.</para>
80 </listitem>
81 </varlistentry>
[6a156bab]82-->
[fcc02767]83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
87 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This option increases system security by adding
95 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
96 smashing attacks.</para>
97 </listitem>
98 </varlistentry>
99<!-- do we need this one? -->
100 <varlistentry>
101 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
102 <listitem>
103 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
104 kernel API headers.</para>
105 </listitem>
106 </varlistentry>
107
108 <varlistentry>
109 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
110 <listitem>
111 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
112 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
113 </listitem>
114 </varlistentry>
115
116 </variablelist>
117
118 <para>Compile the package:</para>
119
120<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
121
122 <important>
123 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
124 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
125 </important>
126
127 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
128 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
129
130<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
131<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
132 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
133 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
134esac</userinput></screen>
135
136 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
137 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
138 in the install phase below.</para></note>
139
140<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
141
142 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
143 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
144 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
145
146 <itemizedlist>
147
148 <listitem>
149 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
150 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
151 </listitem>
[6a156bab]152<!--
[fcc02767]153 <listitem>
154 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
155 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
156 </listitem>
157
158 <listitem>
159 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
160 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
161 may fail on some architectures.</para>
162 </listitem>
[6a156bab]163-->
[fcc02767]164 <listitem>
165 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
166 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
167 </listitem>
168
169 <listitem>
170 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
171 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
172 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
173 cause these tests to fail.
174 </para>
175 </listitem>
176
177 <listitem>
178 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
179 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
180 AMD processor.</para>
181 </listitem>
182
183 </itemizedlist>
184
185 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
186 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
187 Prevent this warning with:</para>
188
189<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
190
191 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
192 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
193 </para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
196
197 <para>Install the package:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
202 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
203
204<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
205mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
206
207 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
208 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
209
210 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
211install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
214 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
215 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
216 testcases.</para>
217
218 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
219 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
220 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
221 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
222 charset-independent locale definition with the
223 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
224 charmap definition and appends the result to the
225 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
226 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
227 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
228
229<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
230localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
231localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
232localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
233localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
234localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
235localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
236localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
237localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
238localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
239localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
240localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
241localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
242localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
243localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
244localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
245localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
246localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
247localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
248localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
249localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
250localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
251localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
252localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
253localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
254localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
255localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
256
257 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
258 character set.</para>
259
260 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
261 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
262 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
263 following time-consuming command:</para>
264
265<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
266
267 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
268 install locales not listed in the
269 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
270 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
271
272 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
273 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
274 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
275 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
276 </para></note>
277
278 </sect2>
279
280 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
281 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
282
283 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
284 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
285 </indexterm>
286
287 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
288 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
289 </indexterm>
290
291 <sect3>
292 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
293
294 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
295 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
296 </para>
297
298 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
299 following:</para>
300
301<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
302<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
303
304passwd: files
305group: files
306shadow: files
307
308hosts: files dns
309networks: files
310
311protocols: files
312services: files
313ethers: files
314rpc: files
315
316# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
317EOF</userinput></screen>
318
319 </sect3>
320
321 <sect3>
322 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
323
324 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
325<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
326
327ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
328mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
329
330for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
331 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
332 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
333 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
334 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
335done
336
337cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
338zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
339unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
340
341 <variablelist>
342 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
343
344 <varlistentry>
345 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
346 <listitem>
[6a156bab]347 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
[fcc02767]348 conventional to put these in both
349 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
350 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
351 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
352 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
353 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
354 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
[6a156bab]355 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
[fcc02767]356 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
357 failures.</para>
358 </listitem>
359 </varlistentry>
360 <varlistentry>
361 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
364 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
365 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
366 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
367 directory.</para>
368 </listitem>
369 </varlistentry>
370 <varlistentry>
371 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
372 <listitem>
373 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
374 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
375 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
376 </listitem>
377 </varlistentry>
378 </variablelist>
379
380
381 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
382 script:</para>
383
384<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
385
386 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
387 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
388 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
389 time zones listed in <filename
390 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
391 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
392 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
393
394 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
395 running:</para>
396
397<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
398
399 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
400 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
401
402 </sect3>
403
404 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
405 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
406
407 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
408 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
409 </indexterm>
410
411 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
412 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
413 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
414 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
415 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
416 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
417 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
418 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
419 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
420 to contain additional libraries are <filename
421 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
422 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
423 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
424
425 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
426 following:</para>
427
428<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
429<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
430/usr/local/lib
431/opt/lib
432</literal>
433EOF</userinput></screen>
434
435 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
436 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
437 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
438 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
439
440<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
441<literal># Add an include directory
442include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
443</literal>
444EOF
445mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
446
447 </sect3>
448 </sect2>
449
450 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
451 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
452
453 <segmentedlist>
454 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
455 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
456 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
457
458 <seglistitem>
459 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
460 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
461 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
462 zdump, and zic</seg>
463 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
464 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
465 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
466 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
467 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
468 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
469 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
470 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
471 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
472 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
473 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
474 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
475 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
476 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
477 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
478 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
479 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
480 </seglistitem>
481 </segmentedlist>
482
483 <variablelist>
484 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
485 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
486 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
487
488 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
489 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
492 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
493 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
494 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
495 </indexterm>
496 </listitem>
497 </varlistentry>
498
499 <varlistentry id="gencat">
500 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
501 <listitem>
502 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
504 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="getconf">
510 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
513 specific variables</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
515 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="getent">
521 <term><command>getent</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
525 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="iconv">
531 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
534 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
535 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
536 </indexterm>
537 </listitem>
538 </varlistentry>
539
540 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
541 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
542 <listitem>
543 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
544 files</para>
545 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
546 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
547 </indexterm>
548 </listitem>
549 </varlistentry>
550
551 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
552 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
553 <listitem>
554 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
555 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
556 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 <varlistentry id="ldd">
562 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
563 <listitem>
564 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
565 by each given program or shared library</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
567 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
573 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
576 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
577 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
578 </indexterm>
579 </listitem>
580 </varlistentry>
581
582 <varlistentry id="locale">
583 <term><command>locale</command></term>
584 <listitem>
585 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
586 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
587 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
588 </indexterm>
589 </listitem>
590 </varlistentry>
591
592 <varlistentry id="localedef">
593 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
594 <listitem>
595 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
596 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
597 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
598 </indexterm>
599 </listitem>
600 </varlistentry>
601
602 <varlistentry id="makedb">
603 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
604 <listitem>
605 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
607 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
613 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
616 in human-readable format</para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
618 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622
623 <varlistentry id="nscd">
624 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
627 service requests</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
629 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
635 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
638 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
639 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
640 </indexterm>
641 </listitem>
642 </varlistentry>
643
644 <varlistentry id="pldd">
645 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
646 <listitem>
647 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
648 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
649 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
650 </indexterm>
651 </listitem>
652 </varlistentry>
653
654 <varlistentry id="sln">
655 <term><command>sln</command></term>
656 <listitem>
657 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
659 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
665 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
669 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="sprof">
675 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
679 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
685 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
688 the corresponding time zone description</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
690 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
696 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
699 executed function</para>
700 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
701 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
702 </indexterm>
703 </listitem>
704 </varlistentry>
705
706 <varlistentry id="zdump">
707 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
708 <listitem>
709 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
710 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
711 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
712 </indexterm>
713 </listitem>
714 </varlistentry>
715
716 <varlistentry id="zic">
717 <term><command>zic</command></term>
718 <listitem>
719 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
720 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
721 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
722 </indexterm>
723 </listitem>
724 </varlistentry>
725
726 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
727 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
728 <listitem>
729 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
731 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
737 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
740 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
741 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
742 for more information</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
744 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
753 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
755 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="libanl">
761 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
765 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="libc">
771 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>The main C library</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
775 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
781 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>The cryptography library</para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
785 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libdl">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
794 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
795 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
796 </indexterm>
797 </listitem>
798 </varlistentry>
799
800 <varlistentry id="libg">
801 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
802 <listitem>
803 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
804 library for <command>g++</command></para>
805 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
806 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
807 </indexterm>
808 </listitem>
809 </varlistentry>
810
811 <varlistentry id="libm">
812 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
813 <listitem>
814 <para>The mathematical library</para>
815 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
816 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
817 </indexterm>
818 </listitem>
819 </varlistentry>
820
821 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
822 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
823 <listitem>
824 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
825 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
826 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
827 </indexterm>
828 </listitem>
829 </varlistentry>
830
831 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
832 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
833 <listitem>
834 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
835 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
836 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
837 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
838 </indexterm>
839 </listitem>
840 </varlistentry>
841
842 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
843 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
844 <listitem>
845 <para>The network services library</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
847 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="libnss">
853 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
856 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
857 protocols, etc.</para>
858 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
859 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
860 </indexterm>
861 </listitem>
862 </varlistentry>
863
864 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
865 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
866 <listitem>
867 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
869 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
875 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
878 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
879 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
880 </indexterm>
881 </listitem>
882 </varlistentry>
883
884 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
885 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
886 <listitem>
887 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
888 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
890 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="librt">
896 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
899 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
901 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
907 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
910 multi-threaded programs</para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
912 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="libutil">
918 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
921 many different Unix utilities</para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
923 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 </variablelist>
929
930 </sect2>
931
932</sect1>
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