source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 85cdcb09

11.2 11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 bdubbs/gcc13 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/pip3 xry111/rust-wip-20221008 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 85cdcb09 was 85cdcb09, checked in by Xi Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 20 months ago

glibc: don't mention "/lib" as ld.so search path anymore

Text change only.

Since 11.0, /lib is a symlink to usr/lib. With libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib,
/lib won't be searched by default anymore (if someone mess up the system
by removing /lib symlink and create an real directory there, for example
the initramfs before r10.1-439).
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 36.1 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46<!-- applied in 2.35 (commit b805aebd42364fe696e417808a700fdb9800c9e8)
47 <para>First, fix a security problem identified upstream:</para>
48
49 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/NOTIFY_REMOVED)/s/)/ \&amp;\&amp; data.attr != NULL)/' \
50 -i sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mq_notify.c</userinput></screen>
51-->
52 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
53 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
54 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
55 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
60 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
63cd build</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
66 utilities will be installed into
67 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-werror \
75 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
76 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
77 --with-headers=/usr/include \
78 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
87 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
95 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
96 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
97 cannot be used.</para>
98 </listitem>
99 </varlistentry>
100
101 <varlistentry>
102 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
103 <listitem>
104 <para>This option increases system security by adding
105 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
106 smashing attacks.</para>
107 </listitem>
108 </varlistentry>
109<!-- do we need this one? -->
110 <varlistentry>
111 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
112 <listitem>
113 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
114 kernel API headers.</para>
115 </listitem>
116 </varlistentry>
117
118 <varlistentry>
119 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
120 <listitem>
121 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
122 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 </variablelist>
127
128 <para>Compile the package:</para>
129
130<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
131
132 <important>
133 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
134 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
135 </important>
136
137 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
138 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
139
140<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
141<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
142 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
143 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
144esac</userinput></screen>
145
146 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
147 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
148 in the install phase below.</para></note>
149-->
150<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
151
152 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
153 somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
154 over 4200 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
155 most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
156
157 <itemizedlist>
158
159 <listitem>
160 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
161 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
162 </listitem>
163
164 <listitem>
165 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
166 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
167 </listitem>
168
169 <listitem>
170 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-long</emphasis>
171 test is known to fail if the system has no non-loopback IP
172 addresses.</para> <!-- PR 24816 -->
173 </listitem>
174
175 <!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-August/141567.html -->
176 <listitem>
177 <para>The <emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>
178 test is known to fail if the host kernel is relatively old.</para>
179 </listitem>
180
181 <listitem>
182 <para>Some tests, for example
183 <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>,
184 are known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
185 timeout.</para>
186 </listitem>
187
188<!--
189 <listitem>
190 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
191 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
192 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
193 cause these tests to fail.
194 </para>
195 </listitem>
196
197 <listitem>
198 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
199 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
200 AMD processor.</para>
201 </listitem>
202-->
203 </itemizedlist>
204
205 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
206 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
207 Prevent this warning with:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
212 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
213 </para>
214
215<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Install the package:</para>
218
219<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
220
221 <para>Fix hardcoded path to the executable loader in
222 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
223
224<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
225
226 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
227 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
230mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
231
232 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
233 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
234
235 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
236install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
237
238 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
239 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
240 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
241 testcases.</para>
242
243 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
244 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
245 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
246 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
247 charset-independent locale definition with the
248 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
249 charmap definition and appends the result to the
250 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
251 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
252 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
253
254<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
255localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
256localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
257localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
258localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
259localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
260localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
261localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
262localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
263localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
264localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
265localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
266localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
267localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
268localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
269localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
270localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
271localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
272localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
273localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
274localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
275localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
276localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
277localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
278localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
279localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
280localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
281localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
282localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
283localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
284localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
285localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
286localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
287localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
288localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
289localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
292 character set.</para>
293
294 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
295 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
296 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
297 following time-consuming command:</para>
298
299<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
302 install locales not listed in the
303 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
304 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
305 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
306
307<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
308localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
309
310 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
311 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
312 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
313 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
314 </para></note>
315
316 </sect2>
317
318 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
319 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
320
321 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
322 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
323 </indexterm>
324
325 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
326 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
327 </indexterm>
328
329 <sect3>
330 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
331
332 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
333 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
334 </para>
335
336 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
337 following:</para>
338
339<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
340<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
341
342passwd: files
343group: files
344shadow: files
345
346hosts: files dns
347networks: files
348
349protocols: files
350services: files
351ethers: files
352rpc: files
353
354# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
355EOF</userinput></screen>
356
357 </sect3>
358
359 <sect3>
360 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
361
362 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
363<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
364
365ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
366mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
367
368for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
369 asia australasia backward; do
370 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
371 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
372 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
373done
374
375cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
376zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
377unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
378
379 <variablelist>
380 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
381
382 <varlistentry>
383 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
384 <listitem>
385 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
386 conventional to put these in both
387 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
388 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
389 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
390 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
391 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
392 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
393 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
394 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
395 failures.</para>
396 </listitem>
397 </varlistentry>
398 <varlistentry>
399 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
400 <listitem>
401 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
402 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
403 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
404 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
405 directory.</para>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408 <varlistentry>
409 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
412 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
413 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
414 </listitem>
415 </varlistentry>
416 </variablelist>
417
418
419 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
420 script:</para>
421
422<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
423
424 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
425 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
426 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
427 time zones listed in <filename
428 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
429 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
430 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
431
432 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
433 running:</para>
434
435<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
436
437 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
438 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
439
440 </sect3>
441
442 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
443 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
444
445 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
446 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
447 </indexterm>
448
449 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
450 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
451 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
452 that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
453 libraries in directories other than
454 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
455 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
456 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
457 to contain additional libraries are <filename
458 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
459 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
460 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
461
462 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
463 following:</para>
464
465<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
466<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
467/usr/local/lib
468/opt/lib
469</literal>
470EOF</userinput></screen>
471
472 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
473 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
474 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
475 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
476
477<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
478<literal># Add an include directory
479include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
480</literal>
481EOF
482mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
483
484 </sect3>
485 </sect2>
486
487 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
488 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
489
490 <segmentedlist>
491 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
492 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
493 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
494
495 <seglistitem>
496 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
497 ldd, lddlibc4,
498 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
499 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
500 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
501 zdump, and zic</seg>
502 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
503 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
504 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
505 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
506 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
507 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
508 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
509 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
510 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
511 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
512 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
513 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
514 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
515 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
516 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
517 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
518 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
519 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
520 </seglistitem>
521 </segmentedlist>
522
523 <variablelist>
524 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
525 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
526 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
527
528 <varlistentry id="gencat">
529 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
533 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="getconf">
539 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
542 specific variables</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
544 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="getent">
550 <term><command>getent</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
554 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="iconv">
560 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
564 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
570 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
573 files</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
575 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
581 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
585 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="ldd">
591 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
594 by each given program or shared library</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
596 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
602 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
605 It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
607 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="locale">
613 <term><command>locale</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
617 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="localedef">
623 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
627 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="makedb">
633 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
637 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
643 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
646 in human-readable format</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
648 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="nscd">
654 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
657 service requests</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
659 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
665 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
669 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="pldd">
675 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
679 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="sln">
685 <term><command>sln</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
689 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
695 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
699 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="sprof">
705 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
709 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
715 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
718 the corresponding time zone description</para>
719 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
720 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
721 </indexterm>
722 </listitem>
723 </varlistentry>
724
725 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
726 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
727 <listitem>
728 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
729 executed function</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
731 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="zdump">
737 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
740 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
741 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
742 </indexterm>
743 </listitem>
744 </varlistentry>
745
746 <varlistentry id="zic">
747 <term><command>zic</command></term>
748 <listitem>
749 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
750 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
751 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
752 </indexterm>
753 </listitem>
754 </varlistentry>
755
756 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
757 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
758 <listitem>
759 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
761 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
767 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
770 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
771 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
772 for more information</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
774 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="libanl">
780 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
784 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="libc">
790 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>The main C library</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
794 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
800 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
804 <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
810 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>The cryptography library</para>
813 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
814 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
815 </indexterm>
816 </listitem>
817 </varlistentry>
818
819 <varlistentry id="libdl">
820 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
821 <listitem>
822 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
823 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
824 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
825 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
826 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
827 </indexterm>
828 </listitem>
829 </varlistentry>
830
831 <varlistentry id="libg">
832 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
833 <listitem>
834 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
835 library for <command>g++</command></para>
836 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
837 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
838 </indexterm>
839 </listitem>
840 </varlistentry>
841
842 <varlistentry id="libm">
843 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
844 <listitem>
845 <para>The mathematical library</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
847 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="libmvec">
853 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
856 when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
857 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
858 <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
859 </indexterm>
860 </listitem>
861 </varlistentry>
862
863 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
864 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
865 <listitem>
866 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
867 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
868 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
869 </indexterm>
870 </listitem>
871 </varlistentry>
872
873 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
874 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
875 <listitem>
876 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
877 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
878 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
879 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
880 </indexterm>
881 </listitem>
882 </varlistentry>
883
884 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
885 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
886 <listitem>
887 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
888 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
889 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
890 </indexterm>
891 </listitem>
892 </varlistentry>
893
894 <varlistentry id="libnss">
895 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
896 <listitem>
897 <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
898 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
899 protocols, etc. Loaded by
900 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
901 configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
903 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
909 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
913 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
919 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
922 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
923 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension, now the functions are in
924 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
926 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
932 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
933 <listitem>
934 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
935 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
937 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 <varlistentry id="librt">
943 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
944 <listitem>
945 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
946 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
948 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
954 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
955 <listitem>
956 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
957 multi-threaded programs</para>
958 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
959 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
960 </indexterm>
961 </listitem>
962 </varlistentry>
963
964 <varlistentry id="libutil">
965 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
966 <listitem>
967 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
968 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
969 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
970 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
971 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
972 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
973 </indexterm>
974 </listitem>
975 </varlistentry>
976
977 </variablelist>
978
979 </sect2>
980
981</sect1>
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