source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 305ab2a

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Last change on this file since 305ab2a was 305ab2a, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 3 years ago

Update to bc-3.2.6.
Update to glibc-2.33.
Minor change to mountfs boot script.

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
62 --disable-werror \
63 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
64 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
65 --with-headers=/usr/include \
66 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
67
68 <variablelist>
69 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
70
71 <varlistentry>
72 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
73 <listitem>
74 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
75 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
76 </listitem>
77 </varlistentry>
78
79 <varlistentry>
80 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
81 <listitem>
82 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
83 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
84 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
85 cannot be used.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This option increases system security by adding
93 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
94 smashing attacks.</para>
95 </listitem>
96 </varlistentry>
97<!-- do we need this one? -->
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
102 kernel API headers.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
110 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 </variablelist>
115
116 <para>Compile the package:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
119
120 <important>
121 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
122 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
123 </important>
124
125 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
126 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
127
128<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
129<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
130 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
131 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
132esac</userinput></screen>
133
134 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
135 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
136 in the install phase below.</para></note>
137
138<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
139
140 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
141 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
142 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
143
144 <itemizedlist>
145
146 <listitem>
147 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
148 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
149 </listitem>
150
151 <listitem>
152 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
153 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
154 </listitem>
155
156 <listitem>
157 <para><emphasis>elf/tst-cpu-features-cpuinfo</emphasis>
158 may fail on some architectures.</para>
159 </listitem>
160
161 <listitem>
162 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
163 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
164 </listitem>
165
166 <listitem>
167 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
168 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
169 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
170 cause these tests to fail.
171 </para>
172 </listitem>
173
174 <listitem>
175 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
176 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
177 AMD processor.</para>
178 </listitem>
179
180 </itemizedlist>
181
182 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
183 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
184 Prevent this warning with:</para>
185
186<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
187
188 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
189 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
190 </para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Install the package:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
199 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
202mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
205 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
206
207 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
208install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
211 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
212 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
213 testcases.</para>
214
215 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
216 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
217 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
218 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
219 charset-independent locale definition with the
220 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
221 charmap definition and appends the result to the
222 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
223 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
224 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
225
226<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
227localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
228localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
229localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
230localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
231localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
232localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
233localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
234localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
235localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
236localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
237localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
238localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
239localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
240localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
241localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
242localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
243localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
244localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
245localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
246localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
247localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
248localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
249localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
250localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
251localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
252localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
253
254 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
255 character set.</para>
256
257 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
258 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
259 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
260 following time-consuming command:</para>
261
262<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
263
264 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
265 install locales not listed in the
266 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
267 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
268
269 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
270 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
271 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
272 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
273 </para></note>
274
275 </sect2>
276
277 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
278 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
279
280 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
281 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
282 </indexterm>
283
284 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
285 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
286 </indexterm>
287
288 <sect3>
289 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
290
291 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
292 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
293 </para>
294
295 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
296 following:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
299<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
300
301passwd: files
302group: files
303shadow: files
304
305hosts: files dns
306networks: files
307
308protocols: files
309services: files
310ethers: files
311rpc: files
312
313# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
314EOF</userinput></screen>
315
316 </sect3>
317
318 <sect3>
319 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
320
321 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
322<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
323
324ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
325mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
326
327for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
328 asia australasia backward; do
329 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
330 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
331 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
332done
333
334cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
335zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
336unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
337
338 <variablelist>
339 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
340
341 <varlistentry>
342 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
345 conventional to put these in both
346 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
347 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
348 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
349 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
350 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
351 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
352 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
353 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
354 failures.</para>
355 </listitem>
356 </varlistentry>
357 <varlistentry>
358 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
361 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
362 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
363 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
364 directory.</para>
365 </listitem>
366 </varlistentry>
367 <varlistentry>
368 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
369 <listitem>
370 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
371 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
372 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
373 </listitem>
374 </varlistentry>
375 </variablelist>
376
377
378 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
379 script:</para>
380
381<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
382
383 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
384 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
385 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
386 time zones listed in <filename
387 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
388 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
389 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
390
391 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
392 running:</para>
393
394<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
395
396 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
397 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
398
399 </sect3>
400
401 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
402 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
403
404 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
405 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
406 </indexterm>
407
408 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
409 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
410 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
411 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
412 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
413 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
414 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
415 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
416 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
417 to contain additional libraries are <filename
418 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
419 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
420 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
421
422 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
423 following:</para>
424
425<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
426<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
427/usr/local/lib
428/opt/lib
429</literal>
430EOF</userinput></screen>
431
432 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
433 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
434 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
435 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
436
437<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
438<literal># Add an include directory
439include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
440</literal>
441EOF
442mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
443
444 </sect3>
445 </sect2>
446
447 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
448 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
449
450 <segmentedlist>
451 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
452 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
453 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
454
455 <seglistitem>
456 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
457 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
458 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
459 zdump, and zic</seg>
460 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
461 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
462 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
463 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
464 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
465 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
466 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
467 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
468 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
469 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
470 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
471 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
472 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
473 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
474 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
475 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
476 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
477 </seglistitem>
478 </segmentedlist>
479
480 <variablelist>
481 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
482 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
483 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
484
485 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
486 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
489 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
491 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="gencat">
497 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
501 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="getconf">
507 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
510 specific variables</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
512 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="getent">
518 <term><command>getent</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
522 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="iconv">
528 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
532 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
538 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
541 files</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
543 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
549 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
553 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="ldd">
559 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
562 by each given program or shared library</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
564 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
570 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
574 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="locale">
580 <term><command>locale</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
584 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="localedef">
590 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
594 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="makedb">
600 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
604 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
610 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
613 in human-readable format</para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
615 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="nscd">
621 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
624 service requests</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
626 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
632 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
636 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="pldd">
642 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
646 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="sln">
652 <term><command>sln</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
656 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
662 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
666 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="sprof">
672 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
675 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
676 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
677 </indexterm>
678 </listitem>
679 </varlistentry>
680
681 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
682 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
683 <listitem>
684 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
685 the corresponding time zone description</para>
686 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
687 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
688 </indexterm>
689 </listitem>
690 </varlistentry>
691
692 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
693 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
694 <listitem>
695 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
696 executed function</para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
698 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="zdump">
704 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
708 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="zic">
714 <term><command>zic</command></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
718 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
724 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
728 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
734 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
737 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
738 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
739 for more information</para>
740 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
741 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
742 </indexterm>
743 </listitem>
744 </varlistentry>
745
746 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
747 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
748 <listitem>
749 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
750 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
752 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="libanl">
758 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
761 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
762 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
763 </indexterm>
764 </listitem>
765 </varlistentry>
766
767 <varlistentry id="libc">
768 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
769 <listitem>
770 <para>The main C library</para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
772 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
778 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>The cryptography library</para>
781 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
782 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
783 </indexterm>
784 </listitem>
785 </varlistentry>
786
787 <varlistentry id="libdl">
788 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
789 <listitem>
790 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
791 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
792 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
793 </indexterm>
794 </listitem>
795 </varlistentry>
796
797 <varlistentry id="libg">
798 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
799 <listitem>
800 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
801 library for <command>g++</command></para>
802 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
803 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
804 </indexterm>
805 </listitem>
806 </varlistentry>
807
808 <varlistentry id="libm">
809 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
810 <listitem>
811 <para>The mathematical library</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
813 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
819 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
823 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
829 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
832 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
834 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
840 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>The network services library</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
844 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="libnss">
850 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
853 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
854 protocols, etc.</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
856 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
862 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
865 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
866 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
867 </indexterm>
868 </listitem>
869 </varlistentry>
870
871 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
872 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
873 <listitem>
874 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
876 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
885 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
887 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="librt">
893 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
896 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
897 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
898 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
899 </indexterm>
900 </listitem>
901 </varlistentry>
902
903 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
904 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
905 <listitem>
906 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
907 multi-threaded programs</para>
908 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
909 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
910 </indexterm>
911 </listitem>
912 </varlistentry>
913
914 <varlistentry id="libutil">
915 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
916 <listitem>
917 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
918 many different Unix utilities</para>
919 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
920 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
921 </indexterm>
922 </listitem>
923 </varlistentry>
924
925 </variablelist>
926
927 </sect2>
928
929</sect1>
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