source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 3f43049

11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 bdubbs/gcc13 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/pip3 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 3f43049 was 3f43049, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 18 months ago

Package updates.
Update to iana-etc-20221025.
Update to tzdata-2022f.
Update to Python3-3.11.0.
Update to procps-ng-4.0.1.
Update to man-pages-6.01.
Update to man-db-2.11.0.
Update to make-4.4.
Update to linux-6.0.6.
Update to libffi-3.4.4.
Update to inetutils-2.4.
Update to expat-2.5.0.

Note: I had to run glibc in Chapter 8 at -j1 to avoid an apparant race
condition. With a little more investigation I may be able to find a
better solution.
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46<!-- applied in 2.35 (commit b805aebd42364fe696e417808a700fdb9800c9e8)
47 <para>First, fix a security problem identified upstream:</para>
48
49 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/NOTIFY_REMOVED)/s/)/ \&amp;\&amp; data.attr != NULL)/' \
50 -i sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mq_notify.c</userinput></screen>
51-->
52 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
53 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
54 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
55 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
60 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
63cd build</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
66 utilities will be installed into
67 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-werror \
75 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
76 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
77 --with-headers=/usr/include \
78 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
87 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
95 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
96 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
97 cannot be used.</para>
98 </listitem>
99 </varlistentry>
100
101 <varlistentry>
102 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
103 <listitem>
104 <para>This option increases system security by adding
105 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
106 smashing attacks.</para>
107 </listitem>
108 </varlistentry>
109<!-- do we need this one? -->
110 <varlistentry>
111 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
112 <listitem>
113 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
114 kernel API headers.</para>
115 </listitem>
116 </varlistentry>
117
118 <varlistentry>
119 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
120 <listitem>
121 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
122 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 </variablelist>
127
128 <para>Compile the package:</para>
129
130<!-- With make-4.4, glibc consistently failed at -j22, but passed at -j1.
131 I will inverstigate to see if I can find a better alternative.
132 It seems like a race condition. -->
133<screen><userinput remap="make">make -j1</userinput></screen>
134
135 <important>
136 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
137 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
138 </important>
139
140 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
141 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
142
143<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
144<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
145 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
146 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
147esac</userinput></screen>
148
149 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
150 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
151 in the install phase below.</para></note>
152-->
153<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
154
155 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
156 somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
157 over 5000 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
158 most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
159
160 <itemizedlist>
161
162 <listitem>
163 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
164 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
165 </listitem>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
169 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
170 </listitem>
171
172 <listitem>
173 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-long</emphasis>
174 test is known to fail if the system has no non-loopback IP
175 addresses.</para> <!-- PR 24816 -->
176 </listitem>
177
178 <!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-August/141567.html -->
179 <listitem>
180 <para>The <emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>
181 test is known to fail if the host kernel is relatively old.</para>
182 </listitem>
183
184 <listitem>
185 <para>Some tests, for example
186 <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>,
187 are known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
188 timeout.</para>
189 </listitem>
190
191<!--
192 <listitem>
193 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
194 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
195 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
196 cause these tests to fail.
197 </para>
198 </listitem>
199
200 <listitem>
201 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
202 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
203 AMD processor.</para>
204 </listitem>
205-->
206 </itemizedlist>
207
208 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
209 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
210 Prevent this warning with:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
215 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
216 </para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Install the package:</para>
221
222<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para>Fix hardcoded path to the executable loader in
225 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
226
227<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
228
229 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
230 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
231
232<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
233mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
236 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
237
238 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
239install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
240
241 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
242 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
243 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
244 testcases.</para>
245
246 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
247 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
248 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
249 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
250 charset-independent locale definition with the
251 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
252 charmap definition and appends the result to the
253 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
254 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
255 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
256
257<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
258localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
259localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
260localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
261localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
262localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
263localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
264localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
265localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
266localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
267localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
268localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
269localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
270localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
271localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
272localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
273localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
274localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
275localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
276localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
277localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
278localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
279localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
280localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
281localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
282localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
283localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
284localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
285localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
286localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
287localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
288localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
289localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
290localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
291localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
292localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
293
294 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
295 character set.</para>
296
297 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
298 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
299 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
300 following time-consuming command:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
303
304 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
305 install locales not listed in the
306 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
307 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
308 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
309
310<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
311localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
312
313 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
314 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
315 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
316 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
317 </para></note>
318
319 </sect2>
320
321 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
322 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
323
324 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
325 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
326 </indexterm>
327
328 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
329 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
330 </indexterm>
331
332 <sect3>
333 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
334
335 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
336 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
337 </para>
338
339 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
340 following:</para>
341
342<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
343<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
344
345passwd: files
346group: files
347shadow: files
348
349hosts: files dns
350networks: files
351
352protocols: files
353services: files
354ethers: files
355rpc: files
356
357# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
358EOF</userinput></screen>
359
360 </sect3>
361
362 <sect3>
363 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
364
365 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
366<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
367
368ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
369mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
370
371for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
372 asia australasia backward; do
373 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
374 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
375 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
376done
377
378cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
379zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
380unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
381
382 <variablelist>
383 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
384
385 <varlistentry>
386 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
387 <listitem>
388 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
389 conventional to put these in both
390 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
391 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
392 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
393 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
394 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
395 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
396 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
397 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
398 failures.</para>
399 </listitem>
400 </varlistentry>
401 <varlistentry>
402 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
403 <listitem>
404 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
405 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
406 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
407 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
408 directory.</para>
409 </listitem>
410 </varlistentry>
411 <varlistentry>
412 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
415 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
416 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419 </variablelist>
420
421
422 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
423 script:</para>
424
425<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
426
427 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
428 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
429 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
430 time zones listed in <filename
431 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
432 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
433 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
434
435 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
436 running:</para>
437
438<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
439
440 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
441 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
442
443 </sect3>
444
445 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
446 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
447
448 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
449 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451
452 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
453 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
454 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
455 that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
456 libraries in directories other than
457 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
458 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
459 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
460 to contain additional libraries are <filename
461 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
462 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
463 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
464
465 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
466 following:</para>
467
468<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
469<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
470/usr/local/lib
471/opt/lib
472</literal>
473EOF</userinput></screen>
474
475 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
476 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
477 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
478 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
479
480<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
481<literal># Add an include directory
482include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
483</literal>
484EOF
485mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
486
487 </sect3>
488 </sect2>
489
490 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
491 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
492
493 <segmentedlist>
494 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
495 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
496 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
497
498 <seglistitem>
499 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
500 ldd, lddlibc4,
501 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
502 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
503 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
504 zdump, and zic</seg>
505 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
506 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
507 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
508 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
509 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
510 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
511 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
512 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
513 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
514 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
515 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
516 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
517 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
518 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
519 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
520 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
521 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
522 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
523 </seglistitem>
524 </segmentedlist>
525
526 <variablelist>
527 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
528 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
529 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
530
531 <varlistentry id="gencat">
532 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
536 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="getconf">
542 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
545 specific variables</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
547 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="getent">
553 <term><command>getent</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
557 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="iconv">
563 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
567 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
573 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
576 files</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
578 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
584 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
588 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592
593 <varlistentry id="ldd">
594 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
597 by each given program or shared library</para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
599 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
605 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
608 It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
610 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="locale">
616 <term><command>locale</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
620 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="localedef">
626 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
630 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634
635 <varlistentry id="makedb">
636 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
640 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
646 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
649 in human-readable format</para>
650 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
651 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
652 </indexterm>
653 </listitem>
654 </varlistentry>
655
656 <varlistentry id="nscd">
657 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
658 <listitem>
659 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
660 service requests</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
662 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
668 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
672 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="pldd">
678 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
682 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="sln">
688 <term><command>sln</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
692 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
698 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
702 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="sprof">
708 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
712 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
718 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
721 the corresponding time zone description</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
723 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
729 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
732 executed function</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
734 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="zdump">
740 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
744 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="zic">
750 <term><command>zic</command></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
754 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
764 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
770 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
773 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
774 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
775 for more information</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
777 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libanl">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
787 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libc">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>The main C library</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
797 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
807 <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>The cryptography library</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
817 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libdl">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
826 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
827 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
829 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libg">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
838 library for <command>g++</command></para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
840 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libm">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>The mathematical library</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
850 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libmvec">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
859 when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
861 <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
871 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
877 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
880 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
882 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
892 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="libnss">
898 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
901 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
902 protocols, etc. Loaded by
903 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
904 configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
906 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
912 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
915 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
916 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
917 </indexterm>
918 </listitem>
919 </varlistentry>
920
921 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
922 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
923 <listitem>
924 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
925 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
926 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension, now the functions are in
927 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
928 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
929 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
930 </indexterm>
931 </listitem>
932 </varlistentry>
933
934 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
935 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
936 <listitem>
937 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
938 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
939 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
940 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
941 </indexterm>
942 </listitem>
943 </varlistentry>
944
945 <varlistentry id="librt">
946 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
947 <listitem>
948 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
949 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
950 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
951 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
952 </indexterm>
953 </listitem>
954 </varlistentry>
955
956 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
957 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
958 <listitem>
959 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
960 multi-threaded programs</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
962 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 <varlistentry id="libutil">
968 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
969 <listitem>
970 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
971 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
972 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
973 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
974 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
975 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
976 </indexterm>
977 </listitem>
978 </varlistentry>
979
980 </variablelist>
981
982 </sect2>
983
984</sect1>
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