source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 40cd8a1

12.1 12.1-rc1 12.2 12.2-rc1 multilib trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/loongarch-12.2 xry111/mips64el xry111/multilib xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 40cd8a1 was 40cd8a1, checked in by Xi Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 8 months ago

glibc: Drop --with-headers=/usr/include

The Glibc INSTALL file says:

‘--with-headers=DIRECTORY’

Look for kernel header files in DIRECTORY, not ‘/usr/include’. ...

So --with-headers=/usr/include seems just doing nothing.
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.7 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Now fix two security vulnerabilities and a regression causing the
54 posix_memalign() function very slow in some conditions:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-upstream-fixes-patch;</userinput></screen>
57
58 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
59 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
62cd build</userinput></screen>
63
64 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
65 utilities will be installed into
66 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
67
68<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
69
70 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
71
72<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
73 --disable-werror \
74 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
75 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
76 --disable-nscd \
77 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
78
79 <variablelist>
80 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
81
82 <varlistentry>
83 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
84 <listitem>
85 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
86 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
87 </listitem>
88 </varlistentry>
89
90 <varlistentry>
91 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
92 <listitem>
93 <para>This option tells the build system that this Glibc may
94 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
95 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
96 cannot be used.</para>
97 </listitem>
98 </varlistentry>
99
100 <varlistentry>
101 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
102 <listitem>
103 <para>This option increases system security by adding
104 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
105 smashing attacks.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108<!-- do we need this one? -->
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
113 kernel API headers.</para>
114 </listitem>
115 </varlistentry>
116
117 <varlistentry>
118 <term><parameter>--disable-nscd</parameter></term>
119 <listitem>
120 <para>Do not build the name service cache daemon which is no
121 longer used.</para>
122 </listitem>
123 </varlistentry>
124
125 <varlistentry>
126 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
127 <listitem>
128 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
129 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
130 </listitem>
131 </varlistentry>
132
133 </variablelist>
134
135 <para>Compile the package:</para>
136
137<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
138
139 <important>
140 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
141 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
142 </important>
143
144 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
145 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
146
147<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
148<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
149 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
150 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
151esac</userinput></screen>
152
153 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
154 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
155 in the install phase below.</para></note>
156-->
157<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
158
159 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
160 somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
161 over 5000 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
162 most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
163
164 <itemizedlist>
165
166 <listitem>
167 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
168 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
169 </listitem>
170
171<!-- Did not fail with glibc-2.38
172 <listitem>
173 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
174 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
175 </listitem>
176-->
177
178 <!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-August/141567.html -->
179 <listitem>
180 <para>The <emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>
181 test is known to fail if the host kernel is relatively old.</para>
182 </listitem>
183
184 <listitem>
185 <para>Some tests, for example
186 <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>,
187 are known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
188 timeout.</para>
189 </listitem>
190
191 <listitem>
192 <para>Additionally, some tests may fail with a relatively old CPU
193 model or host kernel version.</para>
194 </listitem>
195 </itemizedlist>
196
197 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
198 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
199 Prevent this warning with:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
202
203 <!-- https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=21911 -->
204 <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an outdated sanity check
205 that fails with a modern Glibc configuration:</para>
206
207<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
208
209 <para>Install the package:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>Fix a hardcoded path to the executable loader in the
214 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
217<!--
218 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
219 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
220
221<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
222mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
225 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
226
227 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
228install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
229-->
230 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
231 different language. None of these locales are required, but if some of them
232 are missing, the test suites of some packages will skip important
233 test cases.</para>
234
235 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
236 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
237 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
238 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
239 charset-independent locale definition with the
240 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
241 charmap definition and appends the result to the
242 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
243 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
244 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
245
246<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
247localedef -i C -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
248localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
249localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
250localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
251localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
252localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
253localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
254localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
255localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
256localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
257localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
258localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
259localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
260localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
261localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
262localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
263localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
264localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
265localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
266localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
267localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
268localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
269localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
270localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
271localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
272localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
273localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
274localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
275localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
276localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
277localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
278localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
279localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
280localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
281localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
282
283 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
284 character set.</para>
285
286 <para>Alternatively, install all the locales listed in the
287 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
288 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
289 following time-consuming command:</para>
290
291<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
292
293 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
294 install locales not listed in the
295 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
296 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
297 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
298
299<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i C -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8
300localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
301
302 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
303 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
304 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
305 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
306 </para></note>
307
308 </sect2>
309
310 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
311 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
312
313 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
314 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
315 </indexterm>
316
317 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
318 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
319 </indexterm>
320
321 <sect3>
322 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
323
324 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
325 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
326 </para>
327
328 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
329 following:</para>
330
331<screen revision='sysv'><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
332<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
333
334passwd: files
335group: files
336shadow: files
337
338hosts: files dns
339networks: files
340
341protocols: files
342services: files
343ethers: files
344rpc: files
345
346# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
347EOF</userinput></screen>
348
349<screen revision='systemd'><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
350<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
351
352passwd: files systemd
353group: files systemd
354shadow: files systemd
355
356hosts: mymachines resolve [!UNAVAIL=return] files myhostname dns
357networks: files
358
359protocols: files
360services: files
361ethers: files
362rpc: files
363
364# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
365EOF</userinput></screen>
366
367 </sect3>
368
369 <sect3>
370 <title>Adding Time Zone Data</title>
371
372 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
373<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
374
375ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
376mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
377
378for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
379 asia australasia backward; do
380 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
381 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
382 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
383done
384
385cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
386zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
387unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
388
389 <variablelist>
390 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
391
392 <varlistentry>
393 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
396 conventional to put these in both
397 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
398 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
399 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
400 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
401 test suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
402 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
403 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
404 directory, but some applications or test suites might produce some
405 failures.</para>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408 <varlistentry>
409 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
412 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
413 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
414 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
415 directory.</para>
416 </listitem>
417 </varlistentry>
418 <varlistentry>
419 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
420 <listitem>
421 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
422 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
423 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
424 </listitem>
425 </varlistentry>
426 </variablelist>
427
428
429 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
430 script:</para>
431
432<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
433
434 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
435 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
436 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
437 time zones listed in <filename
438 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
439 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
440 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
441
442 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
443 running:</para>
444
445<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
446
447 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
448 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
449
450 </sect3>
451
452 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
453 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
454
455 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
456 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
457 </indexterm>
458
459 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
460 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
461 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
462 that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
463 libraries in directories other than
464 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
465 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
466 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
467 to contain additional libraries are <filename
468 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
469 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
470 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
471
472 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
473 following:</para>
474
475<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
476<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
477/usr/local/lib
478/opt/lib
479</literal>
480EOF</userinput></screen>
481
482 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
483 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
484 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
485 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
486
487<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
488<literal># Add an include directory
489include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
490</literal>
491EOF
492mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
493
494 </sect3>
495 </sect2>
496
497 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
498 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
499
500 <segmentedlist>
501 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
502 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
503 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
504
505 <seglistitem>
506 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
507 ldd, lddlibc4,
508 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
509 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace,
510 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
511 zdump, and zic</seg>
512 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
513 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
514 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
515 libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
516 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
517 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
518 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
519 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
520 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
521 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
522 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
523 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
524 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
525 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
526 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
527 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
528 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
529 and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
530 </seglistitem>
531 </segmentedlist>
532
533 <variablelist>
534 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
535 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
536 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
537
538 <varlistentry id="gencat">
539 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
543 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="getconf">
549 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
552 specific variables</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
554 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="getent">
560 <term><command>getent</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
564 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="iconv">
570 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
574 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
580 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
583 files</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
585 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
591 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
595 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="ldd">
601 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
604 by each given program or shared library</para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
606 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610
611 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
612 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
615 It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
617 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="locale">
623 <term><command>locale</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
627 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="localedef">
633 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
637 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="makedb">
643 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
647 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
653 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
656 in human-readable format</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
658 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
664 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
668 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="pldd">
674 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
677 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
678 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
679 </indexterm>
680 </listitem>
681 </varlistentry>
682
683 <varlistentry id="sln">
684 <term><command>sln</command></term>
685 <listitem>
686 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
688 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
694 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
698 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="sprof">
704 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
708 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
714 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
717 the corresponding time zone description</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
719 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
725 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
728 executed function</para>
729 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
730 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
731 </indexterm>
732 </listitem>
733 </varlistentry>
734
735 <varlistentry id="zdump">
736 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
737 <listitem>
738 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
739 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
740 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
741 </indexterm>
742 </listitem>
743 </varlistentry>
744
745 <varlistentry id="zic">
746 <term><command>zic</command></term>
747 <listitem>
748 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
749 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
750 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
751 </indexterm>
752 </listitem>
753 </varlistentry>
754
755 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
756 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
757 <listitem>
758 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
760 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
766 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
769 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
770 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
771 for more information</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
773 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="libanl">
779 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
782 asynchronous name lookup library, whose functions are now in
783 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename></para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
785 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="libc">
791 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>The main C library</para>
794 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
795 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
796 </indexterm>
797 </listitem>
798 </varlistentry>
799
800 <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
801 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
802 <listitem>
803 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
804 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
805 <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
806 </indexterm>
807 </listitem>
808 </varlistentry>
809
810 <varlistentry id="libdl">
811 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
812 <listitem>
813 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
814 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
815 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
817 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libg">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
826 library for <command>g++</command></para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
828 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="libm">
834 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>The mathematical library</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
838 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="libmvec">
844 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
847 when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
848 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
849 <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
850 </indexterm>
851 </listitem>
852 </varlistentry>
853
854 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
855 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
856 <listitem>
857 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
858 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
859 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
860 </indexterm>
861 </listitem>
862 </varlistentry>
863
864 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
865 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
866 <listitem>
867 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
868 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
869 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
870 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
871 </indexterm>
872 </listitem>
873 </varlistentry>
874
875 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
876 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
877 <listitem>
878 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
880 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="libnss">
886 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
889 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
890 protocols, etc. Loaded by
891 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
892 configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
893 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
894 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
895 </indexterm>
896 </listitem>
897 </varlistentry>
898
899 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
900 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
901 <listitem>
902 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
904 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
913 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
914 by the POSIX.1c Threads Extensions and the semaphore interfaces
915 specified by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions, now the functions
916 are in <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
917 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
918 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
919 </indexterm>
920 </listitem>
921 </varlistentry>
922
923 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
924 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
925 <listitem>
926 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
927 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
928 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
929 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
930 </indexterm>
931 </listitem>
932 </varlistentry>
933
934 <varlistentry id="librt">
935 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
936 <listitem>
937 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
938 by the POSIX.1b Real-time Extensions</para>
939 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
940 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
941 </indexterm>
942 </listitem>
943 </varlistentry>
944
945 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
946 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
947 <listitem>
948 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
949 multi-threaded programs</para>
950 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
951 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
952 </indexterm>
953 </listitem>
954 </varlistentry>
955
956 <varlistentry id="libutil">
957 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
958 <listitem>
959 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
960 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
961 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
962 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
963 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
964 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
965 </indexterm>
966 </listitem>
967 </varlistentry>
968
969 </variablelist>
970
971 </sect2>
972
973</sect1>
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