source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 582da16

11.2 11.2-rc1 11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 bdubbs/gcc13 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd s6-init trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/pip3 xry111/rust-wip-20221008 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 582da16 was 582da16, checked in by Xi Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 2 years ago

glibc: fix the desc of nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi failure, and ...

mention nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-long failure

It seems I was confused by the two failures with similar name, when I
added the description.
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.9 KB
Line 
1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46<!-- applied in 2.35 (commit b805aebd42364fe696e417808a700fdb9800c9e8)
47 <para>First, fix a security problem identified upstream:</para>
48
49 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '/NOTIFY_REMOVED)/s/)/ \&amp;\&amp; data.attr != NULL)/' \
50 -i sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/mq_notify.c</userinput></screen>
51-->
52 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
53 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
54 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
55 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
60 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
63cd build</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
66 utilites will be installed into
67 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-werror \
75 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
76 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
77 --with-headers=/usr/include \
78 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
87 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
95 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
96 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
97 cannot be used.</para>
98 </listitem>
99 </varlistentry>
100
101 <varlistentry>
102 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
103 <listitem>
104 <para>This option increases system security by adding
105 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
106 smashing attacks.</para>
107 </listitem>
108 </varlistentry>
109<!-- do we need this one? -->
110 <varlistentry>
111 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
112 <listitem>
113 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
114 kernel API headers.</para>
115 </listitem>
116 </varlistentry>
117
118 <varlistentry>
119 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
120 <listitem>
121 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
122 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 </variablelist>
127
128 <para>Compile the package:</para>
129
130<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
131
132 <important>
133 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
134 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
135 </important>
136
137 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
138 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
139
140<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
141<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
142 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
143 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
144esac</userinput></screen>
145
146 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
147 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
148 in the install phase below.</para></note>
149-->
150<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
151
152 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
153 somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
154 over 4200 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
155 most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
156
157 <itemizedlist>
158
159 <listitem>
160 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
161 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
162 </listitem>
163
164 <listitem>
165 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
166 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
167 </listitem>
168
169 <listitem>
170 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-long</emphasis>
171 test is known to fail if the system has no non-loopback IP
172 addresses.</para> <!-- PR 24816 -->
173 </listitem>
174
175 <listitem>
176 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
177 test is known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
178 timeout.</para>
179 </listitem>
180<!--
181 <listitem>
182 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
183 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
184 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
185 cause these tests to fail.
186 </para>
187 </listitem>
188
189 <listitem>
190 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
191 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
192 AMD processor.</para>
193 </listitem>
194-->
195 </itemizedlist>
196
197 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
198 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
199 Prevent this warning with:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
202
203 <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
204 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
205 </para>
206
207<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
208
209 <para>Install the package:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>Fix hardcoded path to the executable loader in
214 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
217
218 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
219 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
220
221<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
222mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
223
224 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
225 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
226
227 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
228install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
229
230 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
231 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
232 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
233 testcases.</para>
234
235 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
236 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
237 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
238 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
239 charset-independent locale definition with the
240 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
241 charmap definition and appends the result to the
242 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
243 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
244 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
245
246<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
247localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
248localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
249localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
250localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
251localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
252localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
253localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
254localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
255localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
256localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
257localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
258localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
259localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
260localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
261localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
262localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
263localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
264localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
265localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
266localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
267localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
268localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
269localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
270localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
271localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
272localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
273localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
274localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
275localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
276localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
277localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
278localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
279localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
280localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
281localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
282
283 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
284 character set.</para>
285
286 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
287 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
288 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
289 following time-consuming command:</para>
290
291<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
292
293 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
294 install locales not listed in the
295 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
296 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
297 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
298
299<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
300localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
301
302 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
303 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
304 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
305 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
306 </para></note>
307
308 </sect2>
309
310 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
311 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
312
313 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
314 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
315 </indexterm>
316
317 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
318 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
319 </indexterm>
320
321 <sect3>
322 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
323
324 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
325 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
326 </para>
327
328 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
329 following:</para>
330
331<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
332<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
333
334passwd: files
335group: files
336shadow: files
337
338hosts: files dns
339networks: files
340
341protocols: files
342services: files
343ethers: files
344rpc: files
345
346# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
347EOF</userinput></screen>
348
349 </sect3>
350
351 <sect3>
352 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
353
354 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
355<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
356
357ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
358mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
359
360for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
361 asia australasia backward; do
362 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
363 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
364 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
365done
366
367cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
368zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
369unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
370
371 <variablelist>
372 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
373
374 <varlistentry>
375 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
376 <listitem>
377 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
378 conventional to put these in both
379 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
380 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
381 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
382 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
383 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
384 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
385 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
386 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
387 failures.</para>
388 </listitem>
389 </varlistentry>
390 <varlistentry>
391 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
392 <listitem>
393 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
394 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
395 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
396 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
397 directory.</para>
398 </listitem>
399 </varlistentry>
400 <varlistentry>
401 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
402 <listitem>
403 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
404 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
405 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
406 </listitem>
407 </varlistentry>
408 </variablelist>
409
410
411 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
412 script:</para>
413
414<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
415
416 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
417 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
418 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
419 time zones listed in <filename
420 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
421 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
422 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
423
424 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
425 running:</para>
426
427<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
428
429 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
430 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
431
432 </sect3>
433
434 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
435 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
436
437 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
438 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440
441 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
442 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
443 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
444 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
445 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
446 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
447 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
448 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
449 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
450 to contain additional libraries are <filename
451 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
452 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
453 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
454
455 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
456 following:</para>
457
458<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
459<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
460/usr/local/lib
461/opt/lib
462</literal>
463EOF</userinput></screen>
464
465 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
466 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
467 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
468 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
469
470<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
471<literal># Add an include directory
472include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
473</literal>
474EOF
475mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
476
477 </sect3>
478 </sect2>
479
480 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
481 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
482
483 <segmentedlist>
484 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
485 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
486 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
487
488 <seglistitem>
489 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
490 ldd, lddlibc4,
491 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
492 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
493 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
494 zdump, and zic</seg>
495 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
496 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
497 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
498 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
499 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
500 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
501 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
502 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
503 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
504 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
505 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
506 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
507 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
508 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
509 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
510 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
511 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
512 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
513 </seglistitem>
514 </segmentedlist>
515
516 <variablelist>
517 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
518 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
519 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
520
521 <varlistentry id="gencat">
522 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
526 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="getconf">
532 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
535 specific variables</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
537 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="getent">
543 <term><command>getent</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
547 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="iconv">
553 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
557 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
563 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
566 files</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
568 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
574 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
578 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="ldd">
584 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
587 by each given program or shared library</para>
588 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
589 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
590 </indexterm>
591 </listitem>
592 </varlistentry>
593
594 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
595 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
596 <listitem>
597 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
598 It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
600 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="locale">
606 <term><command>locale</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
610 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="localedef">
616 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
620 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="makedb">
626 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
630 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634
635 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
636 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
639 in human-readable format</para>
640 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
641 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
642 </indexterm>
643 </listitem>
644 </varlistentry>
645
646 <varlistentry id="nscd">
647 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
648 <listitem>
649 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
650 service requests</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
652 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
658 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
662 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="pldd">
668 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
672 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="sln">
678 <term><command>sln</command></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
682 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
688 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
692 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="sprof">
698 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
702 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
708 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
711 the corresponding time zone description</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
713 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
719 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
722 executed function</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
724 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="zdump">
730 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
734 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="zic">
740 <term><command>zic</command></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
744 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
753 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
754 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
755 </indexterm>
756 </listitem>
757 </varlistentry>
758
759 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
760 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
761 <listitem>
762 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
763 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
764 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
765 for more information</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
767 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="libanl">
773 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
777 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="libc">
783 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>The main C library</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
787 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
793 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
797 <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
803 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>The cryptography library</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
807 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libdl">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
816 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
817 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
819 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libg">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
828 library for <command>g++</command></para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
830 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="libm">
836 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>The mathematical library</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
840 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libmvec">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
849 when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
850 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
851 <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
852 </indexterm>
853 </listitem>
854 </varlistentry>
855
856 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
857 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
858 <listitem>
859 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
861 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
867 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
870 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
872 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
882 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libnss">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
891 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
892 protocols, etc. Loaded by
893 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
894 configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
896 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
902 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
906 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
912 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
915 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
916 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension, now the functions are in
917 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
919 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
928 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
930 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 <varlistentry id="librt">
936 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
937 <listitem>
938 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
939 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
940 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
941 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
942 </indexterm>
943 </listitem>
944 </varlistentry>
945
946 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
947 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
948 <listitem>
949 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
950 multi-threaded programs</para>
951 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
952 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
953 </indexterm>
954 </listitem>
955 </varlistentry>
956
957 <varlistentry id="libutil">
958 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
959 <listitem>
960 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
961 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
962 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
963 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
964 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
965 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
966 </indexterm>
967 </listitem>
968 </varlistentry>
969
970 </variablelist>
971
972 </sect2>
973
974</sect1>
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