source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 5ddb2ea

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Last change on this file since 5ddb2ea was a85486d, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 4 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
62 --disable-werror \
63 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
64 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
65 --with-headers=/usr/include \
66 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
67
68 <variablelist>
69 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
70
71 <varlistentry>
72 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
73 <listitem>
74 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
75 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
76 </listitem>
77 </varlistentry>
78
79 <varlistentry>
80 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
81 <listitem>
82 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
83 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
84 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
85 cannot be used.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This option increases system security by adding
93 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
94 smashing attacks.</para>
95 </listitem>
96 </varlistentry>
97<!-- do we need this one? -->
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
102 kernel API headers.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
110 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 </variablelist>
115
116 <para>Compile the package:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
119
120 <important>
121 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
122 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
123 </important>
124
125 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
126 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
127
128<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
129<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
130 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
131 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
132esac</userinput></screen>
133
134 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
135 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
136 in the install phase below.</para></note>
137
138<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
139
140 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
141 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
142 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
143
144 <itemizedlist>
145
146 <listitem>
147 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
148 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
149 </listitem>
150
151 <listitem>
152 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
153 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
154 </listitem>
155<!--
156 <listitem>
157 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
158 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
159 </listitem>
160
161 <listitem>
162 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
163 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
164 may fail on some architectures.</para>
165 </listitem>
166-->
167 <listitem>
168 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
169 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
170 </listitem>
171
172 <listitem>
173 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
174 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
175 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
176 cause these tests to fail.
177 </para>
178 </listitem>
179
180 <listitem>
181 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
182 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
183 AMD processor.</para>
184 </listitem>
185
186 </itemizedlist>
187
188 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
189 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
190 Prevent this warning with:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
195 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
196 </para>
197
198<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
199
200 <para>Install the package:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
205 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
206
207<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
208mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
211 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
212
213 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
214install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
215
216 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
217 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
218 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
219 testcases.</para>
220
221 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
222 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
223 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
224 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
225 charset-independent locale definition with the
226 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
227 charmap definition and appends the result to the
228 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
229 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
230 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
231
232<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
233localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
234localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
235localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
236localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
237localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
238localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
239localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
240localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
241localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
242localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
243localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
244localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
245localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
246localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
247localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
248localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
249localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
250localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
251localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
252localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
253localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
254localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
255localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
256localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
257localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
258localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
259
260 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
261 character set.</para>
262
263 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
264 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
265 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
266 following time-consuming command:</para>
267
268<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
269
270 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
271 install locales not listed in the
272 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
273 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
274
275 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
276 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
277 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
278 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
279 </para></note>
280
281 </sect2>
282
283 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
284 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
285
286 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
287 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
288 </indexterm>
289
290 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
291 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
292 </indexterm>
293
294 <sect3>
295 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
296
297 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
298 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
299 </para>
300
301 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
302 following:</para>
303
304<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
305<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
306
307passwd: files
308group: files
309shadow: files
310
311hosts: files dns
312networks: files
313
314protocols: files
315services: files
316ethers: files
317rpc: files
318
319# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
320EOF</userinput></screen>
321
322 </sect3>
323
324 <sect3>
325 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
326
327 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
328<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
329
330ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
331mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
332
333for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
334 asia australasia backward; do
335 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
336 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
337 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
338done
339
340cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
341zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
342unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
343
344 <variablelist>
345 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
346
347 <varlistentry>
348 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
349 <listitem>
350 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
351 conventional to put these in both
352 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
353 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
354 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
355 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
356 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
357 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
358 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
359 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
360 failures.</para>
361 </listitem>
362 </varlistentry>
363 <varlistentry>
364 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
367 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
368 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
369 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
370 directory.</para>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373 <varlistentry>
374 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
375 <listitem>
376 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
377 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
378 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
379 </listitem>
380 </varlistentry>
381 </variablelist>
382
383
384 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
385 script:</para>
386
387<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
388
389 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
390 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
391 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
392 time zones listed in <filename
393 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
394 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
395 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
396
397 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
398 running:</para>
399
400<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
401
402 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
403 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
404
405 </sect3>
406
407 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
408 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
409
410 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
411 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
412 </indexterm>
413
414 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
415 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
416 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
417 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
418 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
419 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
420 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
421 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
422 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
423 to contain additional libraries are <filename
424 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
425 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
426 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
427
428 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
429 following:</para>
430
431<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
432<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
433/usr/local/lib
434/opt/lib
435</literal>
436EOF</userinput></screen>
437
438 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
439 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
440 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
441 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
442
443<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
444<literal># Add an include directory
445include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
446</literal>
447EOF
448mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
449
450 </sect3>
451 </sect2>
452
453 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
454 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
455
456 <segmentedlist>
457 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
458 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
459 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
460
461 <seglistitem>
462 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
463 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
464 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
465 zdump, and zic</seg>
466 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
467 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
468 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
469 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
470 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
471 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
472 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
473 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
474 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
475 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
476 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
477 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
478 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
479 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
480 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
481 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
482 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
483 </seglistitem>
484 </segmentedlist>
485
486 <variablelist>
487 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
488 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
489 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
490
491 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
492 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
495 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
496 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
497 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
498 </indexterm>
499 </listitem>
500 </varlistentry>
501
502 <varlistentry id="gencat">
503 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
504 <listitem>
505 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
506 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
507 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
508 </indexterm>
509 </listitem>
510 </varlistentry>
511
512 <varlistentry id="getconf">
513 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
516 specific variables</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
518 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="getent">
524 <term><command>getent</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
527 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
528 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
529 </indexterm>
530 </listitem>
531 </varlistentry>
532
533 <varlistentry id="iconv">
534 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
538 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
544 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
547 files</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
549 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
555 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
559 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="ldd">
565 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
568 by each given program or shared library</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
570 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
576 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
580 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="locale">
586 <term><command>locale</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
590 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="localedef">
596 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
600 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="makedb">
606 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
610 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
616 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
619 in human-readable format</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
621 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="nscd">
627 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
630 service requests</para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
632 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
638 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
642 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="pldd">
648 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
652 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="sln">
658 <term><command>sln</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
662 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
668 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
672 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="sprof">
678 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
682 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
688 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
691 the corresponding time zone description</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
693 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
699 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
702 executed function</para>
703 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
704 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
705 </indexterm>
706 </listitem>
707 </varlistentry>
708
709 <varlistentry id="zdump">
710 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
711 <listitem>
712 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
714 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="zic">
720 <term><command>zic</command></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
724 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
730 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
734 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
743 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
744 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
745 for more information</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
747 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
753 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
756 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
758 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="libanl">
764 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
768 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libc">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>The main C library</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
778 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>The cryptography library</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
788 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libdl">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
798 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libg">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
807 library for <command>g++</command></para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
809 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="libm">
815 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>The mathematical library</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
819 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
829 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
838 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
839 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
840 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
841 </indexterm>
842 </listitem>
843 </varlistentry>
844
845 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
846 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
847 <listitem>
848 <para>The network services library</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
850 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libnss">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
859 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
860 protocols, etc.</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
862 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
872 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
882 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
891 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
893 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="librt">
899 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
902 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
904 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
910 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
913 multi-threaded programs</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
915 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="libutil">
921 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
924 many different Unix utilities</para>
925 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
926 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
927 </indexterm>
928 </listitem>
929 </varlistentry>
930
931 </variablelist>
932
933 </sect2>
934
935</sect1>
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