source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 833f3ef

11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 bdubbs/gcc13 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 833f3ef was 833f3ef, checked in by Xi Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 15 months ago

glibc: Fix an issue identified upstream
  • Property mode set to 100644
File size: 35.9 KB
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <!-- https://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=30068 -->
54 <para>Fix an issue identified upstream:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/width -=/s/workend - string/number_length/' \
57 -i stdio-common/vfprintf-process-arg.c</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
60 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
63cd build</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
66 utilities will be installed into
67 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
70
71 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
74 --disable-werror \
75 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
76 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
77 --with-headers=/usr/include \
78 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
87 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
88 </listitem>
89 </varlistentry>
90
91 <varlistentry>
92 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
93 <listitem>
94 <para>This option tells the build system that this Glibc may
95 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
96 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
97 cannot be used.</para>
98 </listitem>
99 </varlistentry>
100
101 <varlistentry>
102 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
103 <listitem>
104 <para>This option increases system security by adding
105 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
106 smashing attacks.</para>
107 </listitem>
108 </varlistentry>
109<!-- do we need this one? -->
110 <varlistentry>
111 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
112 <listitem>
113 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
114 kernel API headers.</para>
115 </listitem>
116 </varlistentry>
117
118 <varlistentry>
119 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
120 <listitem>
121 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
122 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 </variablelist>
127
128 <para>Compile the package:</para>
129
130<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
131
132 <important>
133 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
134 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
135 </important>
136
137 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
138 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
139
140<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
141<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
142 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
143 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
144esac</userinput></screen>
145
146 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
147 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
148 in the install phase below.</para></note>
149-->
150<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
151
152 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
153 somewhat dependent on the host system. A few failures out of
154 over 5000 tests can generally be ignored. This is a list of the
155 most common issues seen for recent versions of LFS:</para>
156
157 <itemizedlist>
158
159 <listitem>
160 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
161 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
162 </listitem>
163
164 <listitem>
165 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
166 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
167 </listitem>
168
169 <!-- https://sourceware.org/pipermail/libc-alpha/2022-August/141567.html -->
170 <listitem>
171 <para>The <emphasis>stdlib/tst-arc4random-thread</emphasis>
172 test is known to fail if the host kernel is relatively old.</para>
173 </listitem>
174
175 <listitem>
176 <para>Some tests, for example
177 <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>,
178 are known to fail on relatively slow systems due to an internal
179 timeout.</para>
180 </listitem>
181
182<!--
183 <listitem>
184 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
185 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
186 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
187 cause these tests to fail.
188 </para>
189 </listitem>
190
191 <listitem>
192 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
193 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
194 AMD processor.</para>
195 </listitem>
196-->
197 </itemizedlist>
198
199 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
200 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
201 Prevent this warning with:</para>
202
203<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
204
205 <para>Fix the Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
206 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
207 </para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Install the package:</para>
212
213<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
214
215 <para>Fix a hardcoded path to the executable loader in the
216 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
221 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
224mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
225
226 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
227 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
228
229 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
230install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
231
232 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
233 different language. None of these locales are required, but if some of them
234 are missing, the test suites of some packages will skip important
235 test cases.</para>
236
237 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
238 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the second
239 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
240 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
241 charset-independent locale definition with the
242 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
243 charmap definition and appends the result to the
244 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
245 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
246 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
247
248<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
249localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
250localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
251localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
252localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
253localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
254localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
255localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
256localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
257localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
258localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
259localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
260localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
261localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
262localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
263localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
264localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
265localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
266localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
267localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
268localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
269localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
270localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
271localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
272localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
273localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true
274localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
275localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
276localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
277localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
278localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
279localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
280localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
281localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
282localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
283localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
284
285 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
286 character set.</para>
287
288 <para>Alternatively, install all the locales listed in the
289 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
290 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
291 following time-consuming command:</para>
292
293<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
294
295 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
296 install locales not listed in the
297 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
298 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
299 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
300
301<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
302localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SJIS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
303
304 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
305 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
306 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
307 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
308 </para></note>
309
310 </sect2>
311
312 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
313 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
314
315 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
316 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
317 </indexterm>
318
319 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
320 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
321 </indexterm>
322
323 <sect3>
324 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
325
326 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
327 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
328 </para>
329
330 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
331 following:</para>
332
333<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
334<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
335
336passwd: files
337group: files
338shadow: files
339
340hosts: files dns
341networks: files
342
343protocols: files
344services: files
345ethers: files
346rpc: files
347
348# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
349EOF</userinput></screen>
350
351 </sect3>
352
353 <sect3>
354 <title>Adding Time Zone Data</title>
355
356 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
357<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
358
359ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
360mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
361
362for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
363 asia australasia backward; do
364 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
365 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
366 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
367done
368
369cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
370zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
371unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
372
373 <variablelist>
374 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
375
376 <varlistentry>
377 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
378 <listitem>
379 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
380 conventional to put these in both
381 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
382 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
383 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
384 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
385 test suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
386 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
387 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
388 directory, but some applications or test suites might produce some
389 failures.</para>
390 </listitem>
391 </varlistentry>
392 <varlistentry>
393 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
396 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
397 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
398 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
399 directory.</para>
400 </listitem>
401 </varlistentry>
402 <varlistentry>
403 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
404 <listitem>
405 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
406 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
407 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
408 </listitem>
409 </varlistentry>
410 </variablelist>
411
412
413 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
414 script:</para>
415
416<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
417
418 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
419 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
420 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
421 time zones listed in <filename
422 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
423 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
424 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
425
426 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
427 running:</para>
428
429<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
430
431 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
432 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
433
434 </sect3>
435
436 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
437 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
438
439 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
440 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442
443 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
444 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
445 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries
446 that are needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are
447 libraries in directories other than
448 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
449 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
450 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
451 to contain additional libraries are <filename
452 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
453 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
454 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
455
456 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
457 following:</para>
458
459<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
460<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
461/usr/local/lib
462/opt/lib
463</literal>
464EOF</userinput></screen>
465
466 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
467 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
468 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
469 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
470
471<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
472<literal># Add an include directory
473include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
474</literal>
475EOF
476mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
477
478 </sect3>
479 </sect2>
480
481 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
482 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
483
484 <segmentedlist>
485 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
486 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
487 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
488
489 <seglistitem>
490 <seg>gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
491 ldd, lddlibc4,
492 ld.so (symlink to ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 or ld-linux.so.2),
493 locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
494 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
495 zdump, and zic</seg>
496 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
497 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libanl.{a,so},
498 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libc_malloc_debug.so,
499 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
500 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
501 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
502 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
503 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
504 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
505 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
506 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
507 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
508 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
509 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
510 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
511 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
512 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
513 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
514 </seglistitem>
515 </segmentedlist>
516
517 <variablelist>
518 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
519 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
520 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
521
522 <varlistentry id="gencat">
523 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
524 <listitem>
525 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
526 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
527 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
528 </indexterm>
529 </listitem>
530 </varlistentry>
531
532 <varlistentry id="getconf">
533 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
536 specific variables</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
538 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="getent">
544 <term><command>getent</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
548 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="iconv">
554 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
557 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
558 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
559 </indexterm>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
564 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
565 <listitem>
566 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
567 files</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
569 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
575 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
579 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="ldd">
585 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
588 by each given program or shared library</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
590 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
596 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files.
599 It does not exist on newer architectures like x86_64</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
601 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="locale">
607 <term><command>locale</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
610 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
611 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
612 </indexterm>
613 </listitem>
614 </varlistentry>
615
616 <varlistentry id="localedef">
617 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
618 <listitem>
619 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
621 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="makedb">
627 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
631 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
637 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
640 in human-readable format</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
642 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="nscd">
648 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
651 service requests</para>
652 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
653 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
654 </indexterm>
655 </listitem>
656 </varlistentry>
657
658 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
659 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
660 <listitem>
661 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
663 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="pldd">
669 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
673 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="sln">
679 <term><command>sln</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
683 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
689 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
693 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="sprof">
699 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
703 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
709 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
712 the corresponding time zone description</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
714 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
720 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
723 executed function</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
725 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="zdump">
731 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
734 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
735 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
736 </indexterm>
737 </listitem>
738 </varlistentry>
739
740 <varlistentry id="zic">
741 <term><command>zic</command></term>
742 <listitem>
743 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
745 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
751 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
755 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
761 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
764 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
765 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
766 for more information</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
768 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libanl">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
778 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libc">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>The main C library</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
788 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libc_malloc_debug">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc_malloc_debug</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when preloaded</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc_malloc_debug">
798 <primary sortas="c-libc_malloc_debug">libc_malloc_debug</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>The cryptography library</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
808 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="libdl">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
817 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
818 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
819 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
820 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
821 </indexterm>
822 </listitem>
823 </varlistentry>
824
825 <varlistentry id="libg">
826 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
827 <listitem>
828 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
829 library for <command>g++</command></para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
831 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="libm">
837 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>The mathematical library</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
841 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="libmvec">
847 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmvec</filename></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>The vector math library, linked in as needed
850 when <filename class='libraryfile'>libm</filename> is used</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmvec">
852 <primary sortas="c-libmvec">libmvec</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
858 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
862 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
868 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
871 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
873 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
879 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
883 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="libnss">
889 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss_*</filename></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>The Name Service Switch modules, containing functions for
892 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
893 protocols, etc. Loaded by
894 <filename class='libraryfile'>libc</filename> according to the
895 configuration in <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename></para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
897 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss_*</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
903 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
906 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
907 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
908 </indexterm>
909 </listitem>
910 </varlistentry>
911
912 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
913 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
914 <listitem>
915 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
916 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
917 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension, now the functions are in
918 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
919 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
920 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
921 </indexterm>
922 </listitem>
923 </varlistentry>
924
925 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
926 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
927 <listitem>
928 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
929 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
930 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
931 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
932 </indexterm>
933 </listitem>
934 </varlistentry>
935
936 <varlistentry id="librt">
937 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
938 <listitem>
939 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
940 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
941 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
942 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
943 </indexterm>
944 </listitem>
945 </varlistentry>
946
947 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
948 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
949 <listitem>
950 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
951 multi-threaded programs</para>
952 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
953 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
954 </indexterm>
955 </listitem>
956 </varlistentry>
957
958 <varlistentry id="libutil">
959 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
960 <listitem>
961 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
962 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
963 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
964 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
965 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
966 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
967 </indexterm>
968 </listitem>
969 </varlistentry>
970
971 </variablelist>
972
973 </sect2>
974
975</sect1>
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