source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 99b2938

11.0 11.0-rc1 11.0-rc2 11.0-rc3 11.1 11.1-rc1 11.2 11.2-rc1 11.3 11.3-rc1 12.0 12.0-rc1 12.1 12.1-rc1 arm bdubbs/gcc13 ml-11.0 multilib renodr/libudev-from-systemd s6-init trunk xry111/arm64 xry111/arm64-12.0 xry111/clfs-ng xry111/lfs-next xry111/loongarch xry111/loongarch-12.0 xry111/loongarch-12.1 xry111/mips64el xry111/pip3 xry111/rust-wip-20221008 xry111/update-glibc
Last change on this file since 99b2938 was 99b2938, checked in by Xi Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 3 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Ensure that the <command>ldconfig</command> and <command>sln</command>
60 utilites are installed into
61 <filename class="directory">/usr/sbin</filename>:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">echo "rootsbindir=/usr/sbin" &gt; configparms</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
68 --disable-werror \
69 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
70 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
71 --with-headers=/usr/include \
72 libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</userinput></screen>
73
74 <variablelist>
75 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
76
77 <varlistentry>
78 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
79 <listitem>
80 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
81 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
82 </listitem>
83 </varlistentry>
84
85 <varlistentry>
86 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
87 <listitem>
88 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
89 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
90 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
91 cannot be used.</para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94
95 <varlistentry>
96 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
97 <listitem>
98 <para>This option increases system security by adding
99 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
100 smashing attacks.</para>
101 </listitem>
102 </varlistentry>
103<!-- do we need this one? -->
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
108 kernel API headers.</para>
109 </listitem>
110 </varlistentry>
111
112 <varlistentry>
113 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/usr/lib</parameter></term>
114 <listitem>
115 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
116 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
117 </listitem>
118 </varlistentry>
119
120 </variablelist>
121
122 <para>Compile the package:</para>
123
124<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
125
126 <important>
127 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
128 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
129 </important>
130
131 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
132 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
133
134<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
135<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
136 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
137 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
138esac</userinput></screen>
139
140 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
141 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
142 in the install phase below.</para></note>
143-->
144<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
145
146 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
147 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
148 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
149
150 <itemizedlist>
151
152 <listitem>
153 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
154 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
155 </listitem>
156
157 <listitem>
158 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
159 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
160 </listitem>
161
162 <listitem>
163 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
164 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
165 </listitem>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
169 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
170 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
171 cause these tests to fail.
172 </para>
173 </listitem>
174
175 <listitem>
176 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
177 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
178 AMD processor.</para>
179 </listitem>
180
181 </itemizedlist>
182
183 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
184 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
185 Prevent this warning with:</para>
186
187<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
188
189 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
190 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
191 </para>
192
193<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
194
195 <para>Install the package:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Fix hardcoded path to the executable loader in
200 <command>ldd</command> script:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/RTLDLIST=/s@/usr@@g' -i /usr/bin/ldd</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
205 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
206
207<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
208mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
211 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
212
213 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
214install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /usr/lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
215
216 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
217 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
218 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
219 testcases.</para>
220
221 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
222 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
223 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
224 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
225 charset-independent locale definition with the
226 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
227 charmap definition and appends the result to the
228 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
229 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
230 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
231
232<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
233localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
234localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
235localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
236localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
237localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
238localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
239localedef -i en_GB -f ISO-8859-1 en_GB
240localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
241localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
242localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
243localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
244localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
245localedef -i es_ES -f ISO-8859-15 es_ES@euro
246localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
247localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
248localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
249localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
250localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
251localedef -i is_IS -f ISO-8859-1 is_IS
252localedef -i is_IS -f UTF-8 is_IS.UTF-8
253localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
254localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-15 it_IT@euro
255localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
256localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
257localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
258localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
259localedef -i nl_NL@euro -f ISO-8859-15 nl_NL@euro
260localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
261localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
262localedef -i se_NO -f UTF-8 se_NO.UTF-8
263localedef -i ta_IN -f UTF-8 ta_IN.UTF-8
264localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
265localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
266localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS
267localedef -i zh_TW -f UTF-8 zh_TW.UTF-8</userinput></screen>
268
269 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
270 character set.</para>
271
272 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
273 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
274 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
275 following time-consuming command:</para>
276
277<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
278
279 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
280 install locales not listed in the
281 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
282 when you need them. For instance, the following two locales are
283 needed for some tests later in this chapter:</para>
284
285<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-full">localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
286localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true</userinput></screen>
287
288 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
289 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
290 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
291 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
292 </para></note>
293
294 </sect2>
295
296 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
297 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
298
299 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
300 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
301 </indexterm>
302
303 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
304 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
305 </indexterm>
306
307 <sect3>
308 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
309
310 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
311 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
312 </para>
313
314 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
315 following:</para>
316
317<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
318<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
319
320passwd: files
321group: files
322shadow: files
323
324hosts: files dns
325networks: files
326
327protocols: files
328services: files
329ethers: files
330rpc: files
331
332# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
333EOF</userinput></screen>
334
335 </sect3>
336
337 <sect3>
338 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
339
340 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
341<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
342
343ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
344mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
345
346for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
347 asia australasia backward; do
348 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
349 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
350 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
351done
352
353cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
354zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
355unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
356
357 <variablelist>
358 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
359
360 <varlistentry>
361 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
362 <listitem>
363 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
364 conventional to put these in both
365 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
366 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
367 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
368 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
369 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
370 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
371 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
372 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
373 failures.</para>
374 </listitem>
375 </varlistentry>
376 <varlistentry>
377 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
378 <listitem>
379 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
380 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
381 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
382 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
383 directory.</para>
384 </listitem>
385 </varlistentry>
386 <varlistentry>
387 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
388 <listitem>
389 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
390 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
391 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
392 </listitem>
393 </varlistentry>
394 </variablelist>
395
396
397 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
398 script:</para>
399
400<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
401
402 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
403 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
404 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
405 time zones listed in <filename
406 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
407 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
408 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
409
410 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
411 running:</para>
412
413<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
414
415 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
416 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
417
418 </sect3>
419
420 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
421 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
422
423 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
424 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
425 </indexterm>
426
427 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
428 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
429 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
430 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
431 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
432 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
433 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
434 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
435 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
436 to contain additional libraries are <filename
437 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
438 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
439 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
440
441 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
442 following:</para>
443
444<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
445<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
446/usr/local/lib
447/opt/lib
448</literal>
449EOF</userinput></screen>
450
451 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
452 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
453 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
454 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
455
456<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
457<literal># Add an include directory
458include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
459</literal>
460EOF
461mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
462
463 </sect3>
464 </sect2>
465
466 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
467 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
468
469 <segmentedlist>
470 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
471 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
472 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
473
474 <seglistitem>
475 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
476 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
477 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
478 zdump, and zic</seg>
479 <seg>ld-linux-x86-64.so.2, ld-linux.so.2,
480 libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
481 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
482 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so.2}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
483 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.so.1,
484 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
485 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so.0},
486 libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so.1},
487 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so.1}</seg>
488 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
489 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
490 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
491 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
492 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
493 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
494 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
495 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
496 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
497 </seglistitem>
498 </segmentedlist>
499
500 <variablelist>
501 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
502 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
503 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
504
505 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
506 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
509 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
511 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="gencat">
517 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
521 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="getconf">
527 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
530 specific variables</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
532 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="getent">
538 <term><command>getent</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
542 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="iconv">
548 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
552 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
558 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
561 files</para>
562 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
563 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
564 </indexterm>
565 </listitem>
566 </varlistentry>
567
568 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
569 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
570 <listitem>
571 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
572 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
573 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
574 </indexterm>
575 </listitem>
576 </varlistentry>
577
578 <varlistentry id="ldd">
579 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
580 <listitem>
581 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
582 by each given program or shared library</para>
583 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
584 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
585 </indexterm>
586 </listitem>
587 </varlistentry>
588
589 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
590 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
591 <listitem>
592 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
594 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="locale">
600 <term><command>locale</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
604 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="localedef">
610 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
614 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry id="makedb">
620 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
623 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
624 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
625 </indexterm>
626 </listitem>
627 </varlistentry>
628
629 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
630 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
631 <listitem>
632 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
633 in human-readable format</para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
635 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="nscd">
641 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
644 service requests</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
646 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
652 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
655 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
656 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
657 </indexterm>
658 </listitem>
659 </varlistentry>
660
661 <varlistentry id="pldd">
662 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
663 <listitem>
664 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
666 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="sln">
672 <term><command>sln</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
675 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
676 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
677 </indexterm>
678 </listitem>
679 </varlistentry>
680
681 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
682 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
683 <listitem>
684 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
685 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
686 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
687 </indexterm>
688 </listitem>
689 </varlistentry>
690
691 <varlistentry id="sprof">
692 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
693 <listitem>
694 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
696 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
701 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
702 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
705 the corresponding time zone description</para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
707 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
713 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
716 executed function</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
718 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="zdump">
724 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
728 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="zic">
734 <term><command>zic</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
738 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
744 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-*.so</filename></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
748 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
754 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
757 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
758 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
759 for more information</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
761 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
767 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
770 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
772 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="libanl">
778 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
781 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
782 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
783 </indexterm>
784 </listitem>
785 </varlistentry>
786
787 <varlistentry id="libc">
788 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
789 <listitem>
790 <para>The main C library</para>
791 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
792 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
793 </indexterm>
794 </listitem>
795 </varlistentry>
796
797 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
798 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
799 <listitem>
800 <para>The cryptography library</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
802 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="libdl">
808 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was the
811 dynamic linking interface library, whose functions are now in
812 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
813 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
814 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
815 </indexterm>
816 </listitem>
817 </varlistentry>
818
819 <varlistentry id="libg">
820 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
821 <listitem>
822 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
823 library for <command>g++</command></para>
824 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
825 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
826 </indexterm>
827 </listitem>
828 </varlistentry>
829
830 <varlistentry id="libm">
831 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
832 <listitem>
833 <para>The mathematical library</para>
834 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
835 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
836 </indexterm>
837 </listitem>
838 </varlistentry>
839
840 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
841 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
842 <listitem>
843 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
845 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
851 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
854 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
856 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
862 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>The network services library, now deprecated</para>
865 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
866 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
867 </indexterm>
868 </listitem>
869 </varlistentry>
870
871 <varlistentry id="libnss">
872 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
873 <listitem>
874 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
875 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
876 protocols, etc.</para>
877 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
878 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
879 </indexterm>
880 </listitem>
881 </varlistentry>
882
883 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
884 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
885 <listitem>
886 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
888 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
894 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
897 functions providing most of the interfaces specified
898 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension, now the functions are in
899 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
901 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
907 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
910 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
912 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="librt">
918 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
921 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
923 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
929 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
930 <listitem>
931 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
932 multi-threaded programs</para>
933 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
934 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
935 </indexterm>
936 </listitem>
937 </varlistentry>
938
939 <varlistentry id="libutil">
940 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
941 <listitem>
942 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously contained
943 code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
944 many different Unix utilities. These functions are now in
945 <filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></para>
946
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
948 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 </variablelist>
954
955 </sect2>
956
957</sect1>
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