source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ 9a05e45

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Last change on this file since 9a05e45 was 9a05e45, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 4 years ago

Added a separation line (Basically a test commit after merge)

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
62 --disable-werror \
63 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
64 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
65 --with-headers=/usr/include \
66 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
67
68 <!-- WIP -->
69 <variablelist>
70 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
71<!--
72 <varlistentry>
73 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -ffile-prefix-map=$LFS_DIR=$DIR"</parameter></term>
74 <listitem>
75 <para>Make GCC record any references to files in <filename
76 class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-lfs-linux-gnu</filename>
77 in result of the compilation as if the files resided in <filename
78 class="directory">/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu</filename>.
79 This avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging
80 symbols.</para>
81 </listitem>
82 </varlistentry>
83-->
84 <varlistentry>
85 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
86 <listitem>
87 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
88 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
89 </listitem>
90 </varlistentry>
91
92 <varlistentry>
93 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
94 <listitem>
95 <para>This option increases system security by adding
96 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
97 smashing attacks.</para>
98 </listitem>
99 </varlistentry>
100<!-- do we need this one? -->
101 <varlistentry>
102 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
103 <listitem>
104 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
105 kernel API headers.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
113 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
114 </listitem>
115 </varlistentry>
116
117 </variablelist>
118
119 <para>Compile the package:</para>
120
121<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
122
123 <important>
124 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
125 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
126 </important>
127
128 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
129 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
130
131<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
132<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
133 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
134 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
135esac</userinput></screen>
136
137 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
138 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
139 in the install phase below.</para></note>
140
141<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
142
143 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
144 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
145 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
146
147 <itemizedlist>
148
149 <listitem>
150 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
151 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
152 </listitem>
153<!--
154 <listitem>
155 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
156 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
157 </listitem>
158
159 <listitem>
160 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
161 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
162 may fail on some architectures.</para>
163 </listitem>
164-->
165 <listitem>
166 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
167 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
168 </listitem>
169
170 <listitem>
171 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
172 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
173 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
174 cause these tests to fail.
175 </para>
176 </listitem>
177
178 <listitem>
179 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
180 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
181 AMD processor.</para>
182 </listitem>
183
184 </itemizedlist>
185
186 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
187 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
188 Prevent this warning with:</para>
189
190<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
191
192 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
193 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
194 </para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>Install the package:</para>
199
200<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
201
202 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
203 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
204
205<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
206mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
209 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
210
211 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
212install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
215 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
216 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
217 testcases.</para>
218
219 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
220 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
221 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
222 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
223 charset-independent locale definition with the
224 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
225 charmap definition and appends the result to the
226 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
227 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
228 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
229
230<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
231localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
232localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
233localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
234localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
235localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
236localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
237localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
238localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
239localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
240localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
241localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
242localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
243localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
244localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
245localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
246localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
247localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
248localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
249localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
250localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
251localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
252localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
253localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
254localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
255localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
256localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
257
258 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
259 character set.</para>
260
261 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
262 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
263 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
264 following time-consuming command:</para>
265
266<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
269 install locales not listed in the
270 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
271 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
272
273 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
274 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
275 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
276 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
277 </para></note>
278
279 </sect2>
280
281 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
282 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
283
284 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
285 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
286 </indexterm>
287
288 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
289 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
290 </indexterm>
291
292 <sect3>
293 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
294
295 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
296 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
297 </para>
298
299 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
300 following:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
303<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
304
305passwd: files
306group: files
307shadow: files
308
309hosts: files dns
310networks: files
311
312protocols: files
313services: files
314ethers: files
315rpc: files
316
317# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
318EOF</userinput></screen>
319
320 </sect3>
321
322 <sect3>
323 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
324
325 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
326<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
327
328ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
329mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
330
331for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
332 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
333 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
334 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
335 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
336done
337
338cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
339zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
340unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
341
342 <variablelist>
343 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
344
345 <varlistentry>
346 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
347 <listitem>
348 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
349 conventional to put these in both
350 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
351 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
352 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
353 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
354 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
355 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
356 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
357 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
358 failures.</para>
359 </listitem>
360 </varlistentry>
361 <varlistentry>
362 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
363 <listitem>
364 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
365 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
366 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
367 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
368 directory.</para>
369 </listitem>
370 </varlistentry>
371 <varlistentry>
372 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
373 <listitem>
374 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
375 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
376 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
377 </listitem>
378 </varlistentry>
379 </variablelist>
380
381
382 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
383 script:</para>
384
385<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
386
387 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
388 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
389 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
390 time zones listed in <filename
391 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
392 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
393 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
394
395 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
396 running:</para>
397
398<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
399
400 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
401 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
402
403 </sect3>
404
405 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
406 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
407
408 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
409 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
410 </indexterm>
411
412 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
413 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
414 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
415 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
416 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
417 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
418 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
419 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
420 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
421 to contain additional libraries are <filename
422 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
423 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
424 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
425
426 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
427 following:</para>
428
429<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
430<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
431/usr/local/lib
432/opt/lib
433</literal>
434EOF</userinput></screen>
435
436 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
437 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
438 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
439 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
440
441<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
442<literal># Add an include directory
443include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
444</literal>
445EOF
446mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
447
448 </sect3>
449 </sect2>
450
451 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
452 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
453
454 <segmentedlist>
455 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
456 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
457 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
458
459 <seglistitem>
460 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
461 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
462 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
463 zdump, and zic</seg>
464 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
465 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
466 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
467 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
468 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
469 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
470 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
471 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
472 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
473 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
474 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
475 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
476 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
477 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
478 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
479 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
480 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
481 </seglistitem>
482 </segmentedlist>
483
484 <variablelist>
485 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
486 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
487 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
488
489 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
490 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
493 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
495 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="gencat">
501 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
505 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="getconf">
511 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
514 specific variables</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
516 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="getent">
522 <term><command>getent</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
526 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="iconv">
532 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
536 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
542 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
545 files</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
547 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
553 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
556 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
557 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
558 </indexterm>
559 </listitem>
560 </varlistentry>
561
562 <varlistentry id="ldd">
563 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
564 <listitem>
565 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
566 by each given program or shared library</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
568 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
574 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
577 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
578 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
579 </indexterm>
580 </listitem>
581 </varlistentry>
582
583 <varlistentry id="locale">
584 <term><command>locale</command></term>
585 <listitem>
586 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
588 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592
593 <varlistentry id="localedef">
594 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
598 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="makedb">
604 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
607 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
608 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
609 </indexterm>
610 </listitem>
611 </varlistentry>
612
613 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
614 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
615 <listitem>
616 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
617 in human-readable format</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
619 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623
624 <varlistentry id="nscd">
625 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
628 service requests</para>
629 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
630 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
631 </indexterm>
632 </listitem>
633 </varlistentry>
634
635 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
636 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
637 <listitem>
638 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
640 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="pldd">
646 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
650 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="sln">
656 <term><command>sln</command></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
659 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
660 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
661 </indexterm>
662 </listitem>
663 </varlistentry>
664
665 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
666 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
667 <listitem>
668 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
669 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
670 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
671 </indexterm>
672 </listitem>
673 </varlistentry>
674
675 <varlistentry id="sprof">
676 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
677 <listitem>
678 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
680 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
686 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
689 the corresponding time zone description</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
691 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
697 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
700 executed function</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
702 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="zdump">
708 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
712 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="zic">
718 <term><command>zic</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
722 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
728 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
731 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
732 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
733 </indexterm>
734 </listitem>
735 </varlistentry>
736
737 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
738 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
739 <listitem>
740 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
741 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
742 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
743 for more information</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
745 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
751 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
754 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
756 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="libanl">
762 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
765 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
766 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
767 </indexterm>
768 </listitem>
769 </varlistentry>
770
771 <varlistentry id="libc">
772 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
773 <listitem>
774 <para>The main C library</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
776 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
782 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>The cryptography library</para>
785 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
786 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
787 </indexterm>
788 </listitem>
789 </varlistentry>
790
791 <varlistentry id="libdl">
792 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
793 <listitem>
794 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
796 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="libg">
802 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
805 library for <command>g++</command></para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
807 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="libm">
813 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>The mathematical library</para>
816 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
817 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
818 </indexterm>
819 </listitem>
820 </varlistentry>
821
822 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
823 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
824 <listitem>
825 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
826 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
827 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
828 </indexterm>
829 </listitem>
830 </varlistentry>
831
832 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
833 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
834 <listitem>
835 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
836 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
838 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
844 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>The network services library</para>
847 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
848 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
849 </indexterm>
850 </listitem>
851 </varlistentry>
852
853 <varlistentry id="libnss">
854 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
855 <listitem>
856 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
857 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
858 protocols, etc.</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
860 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
869 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
870 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
871 </indexterm>
872 </listitem>
873 </varlistentry>
874
875 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
876 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
877 <listitem>
878 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
880 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
886 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
889 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
890 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
891 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
892 </indexterm>
893 </listitem>
894 </varlistentry>
895
896 <varlistentry id="librt">
897 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
898 <listitem>
899 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
900 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
902 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
908 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
911 multi-threaded programs</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
913 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="libutil">
919 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
922 many different Unix utilities</para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
924 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
929 </variablelist>
930
931 </sect2>
932
933</sect1>
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