source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ c68e018

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Last change on this file since c68e018 was c68e018, checked in by Pierre Labastie <pieere@…>, 4 years ago

Various text fixes:

  • a wrong chapter in toolchain notes, and various text precisions

the option explanations of chapter 8 glibc (was labelled WIP)

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11961 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
54 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
55
56<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
57cd build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
62 --disable-werror \
63 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
64 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
65 --with-headers=/usr/include \
66 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
67
68 <variablelist>
69 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
70
71 <varlistentry>
72 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
73 <listitem>
74 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
75 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
76 </listitem>
77 </varlistentry>
78
79 <varlistentry>
80 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
81 <listitem>
82 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
83 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
84 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
85 cannot be used.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This option increases system security by adding
93 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
94 smashing attacks.</para>
95 </listitem>
96 </varlistentry>
97<!-- do we need this one? -->
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
102 kernel API headers.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
110 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 </variablelist>
115
116 <para>Compile the package:</para>
117
118<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
119
120 <important>
121 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
122 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
123 </important>
124
125 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
126 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
127
128<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
129<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
130 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
131 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
132esac</userinput></screen>
133
134 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
135 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
136 in the install phase below.</para></note>
137
138<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
139
140 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
141 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
142 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
143
144 <itemizedlist>
145
146 <listitem>
147 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
148 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
149 </listitem>
150<!--
151 <listitem>
152 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
153 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
154 </listitem>
155
156 <listitem>
157 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
158 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
159 may fail on some architectures.</para>
160 </listitem>
161-->
162 <listitem>
163 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
164 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
165 </listitem>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
169 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
170 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
171 cause these tests to fail.
172 </para>
173 </listitem>
174
175 <listitem>
176 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
177 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
178 AMD processor.</para>
179 </listitem>
180
181 </itemizedlist>
182
183 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
184 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
185 Prevent this warning with:</para>
186
187<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
188
189 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
190 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
191 </para>
192
193<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
194
195 <para>Install the package:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
200 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
203mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
204
205 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
206 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
207
208 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
209install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
212 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
213 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
214 testcases.</para>
215
216 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
217 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
218 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
219 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
220 charset-independent locale definition with the
221 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
222 charmap definition and appends the result to the
223 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
224 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
225 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
226
227<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
228localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
229localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
230localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
231localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
232localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
233localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
234localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
235localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
236localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
237localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
238localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
239localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
240localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
241localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
242localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
243localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
244localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
245localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
246localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
247localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
248localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
249localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
250localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
251localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
252localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
253localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
254
255 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
256 character set.</para>
257
258 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
259 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
260 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
261 following time-consuming command:</para>
262
263<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
264
265 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
266 install locales not listed in the
267 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
268 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
269
270 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
271 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
272 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
273 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
274 </para></note>
275
276 </sect2>
277
278 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
279 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
280
281 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
282 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
283 </indexterm>
284
285 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
286 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
287 </indexterm>
288
289 <sect3>
290 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
291
292 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
293 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
294 </para>
295
296 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
297 following:</para>
298
299<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
300<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
301
302passwd: files
303group: files
304shadow: files
305
306hosts: files dns
307networks: files
308
309protocols: files
310services: files
311ethers: files
312rpc: files
313
314# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
315EOF</userinput></screen>
316
317 </sect3>
318
319 <sect3>
320 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
321
322 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
323<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
324
325ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
326mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
327
328for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
329 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
330 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
331 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
332 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
333done
334
335cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
336zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
337unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
338
339 <variablelist>
340 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
341
342 <varlistentry>
343 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
344 <listitem>
345 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
346 conventional to put these in both
347 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
348 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
349 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
350 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
351 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
352 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
353 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
354 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
355 failures.</para>
356 </listitem>
357 </varlistentry>
358 <varlistentry>
359 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
360 <listitem>
361 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
362 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
363 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
364 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
365 directory.</para>
366 </listitem>
367 </varlistentry>
368 <varlistentry>
369 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
370 <listitem>
371 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
372 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
373 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
374 </listitem>
375 </varlistentry>
376 </variablelist>
377
378
379 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
380 script:</para>
381
382<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
383
384 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
385 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
386 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
387 time zones listed in <filename
388 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
389 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
390 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
391
392 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
393 running:</para>
394
395<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
396
397 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
398 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
399
400 </sect3>
401
402 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
403 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
404
405 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
406 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
407 </indexterm>
408
409 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
410 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
411 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
412 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
413 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
414 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
415 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
416 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
417 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
418 to contain additional libraries are <filename
419 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
420 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
421 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
422
423 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
424 following:</para>
425
426<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
427<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
428/usr/local/lib
429/opt/lib
430</literal>
431EOF</userinput></screen>
432
433 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
434 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
435 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
436 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
437
438<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
439<literal># Add an include directory
440include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
441</literal>
442EOF
443mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
444
445 </sect3>
446 </sect2>
447
448 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
449 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
450
451 <segmentedlist>
452 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
453 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
454 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
455
456 <seglistitem>
457 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
458 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
459 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
460 zdump, and zic</seg>
461 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
462 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
463 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
464 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
465 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
466 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
467 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
468 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
469 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
470 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
471 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
472 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
473 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
474 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
475 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
476 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
477 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
478 </seglistitem>
479 </segmentedlist>
480
481 <variablelist>
482 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
483 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
484 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
485
486 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
487 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
488 <listitem>
489 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
490 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
491 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
492 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
493 </indexterm>
494 </listitem>
495 </varlistentry>
496
497 <varlistentry id="gencat">
498 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
499 <listitem>
500 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
502 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="getconf">
508 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
511 specific variables</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
513 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="getent">
519 <term><command>getent</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
523 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="iconv">
529 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
532 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
533 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
534 </indexterm>
535 </listitem>
536 </varlistentry>
537
538 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
539 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
540 <listitem>
541 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
542 files</para>
543 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
544 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
545 </indexterm>
546 </listitem>
547 </varlistentry>
548
549 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
550 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
551 <listitem>
552 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
554 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="ldd">
560 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
563 by each given program or shared library</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
565 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
571 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
575 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="locale">
581 <term><command>locale</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
585 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="localedef">
591 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
595 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="makedb">
601 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
605 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609
610 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
611 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
612 <listitem>
613 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
614 in human-readable format</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
616 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="nscd">
622 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
625 service requests</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
627 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
633 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
637 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="pldd">
643 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
647 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="sln">
653 <term><command>sln</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
657 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
663 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
666 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
667 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
668 </indexterm>
669 </listitem>
670 </varlistentry>
671
672 <varlistentry id="sprof">
673 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
674 <listitem>
675 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
677 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
683 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
686 the corresponding time zone description</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
688 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
694 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
697 executed function</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
699 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="zdump">
705 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
709 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="zic">
715 <term><command>zic</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
719 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
725 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
728 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
729 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
730 </indexterm>
731 </listitem>
732 </varlistentry>
733
734 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
735 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
736 <listitem>
737 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
738 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
739 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
740 for more information</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
742 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
748 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
751 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
753 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="libanl">
759 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
763 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="libc">
769 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>The main C library</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
773 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
779 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>The cryptography library</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
783 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="libdl">
789 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
793 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="libg">
799 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
802 library for <command>g++</command></para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
804 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="libm">
810 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>The mathematical library</para>
813 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
814 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
815 </indexterm>
816 </listitem>
817 </varlistentry>
818
819 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
820 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
821 <listitem>
822 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
823 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
824 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
825 </indexterm>
826 </listitem>
827 </varlistentry>
828
829 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
830 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
831 <listitem>
832 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
833 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
834 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
835 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
836 </indexterm>
837 </listitem>
838 </varlistentry>
839
840 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
841 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
842 <listitem>
843 <para>The network services library</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
845 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="libnss">
851 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
854 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
855 protocols, etc.</para>
856 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
857 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
858 </indexterm>
859 </listitem>
860 </varlistentry>
861
862 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
863 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
864 <listitem>
865 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
867 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
873 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
877 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
883 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
886 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
888 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="librt">
894 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
897 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
899 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
905 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
908 multi-threaded programs</para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
910 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="libutil">
916 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
919 many different Unix utilities</para>
920 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
921 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
922 </indexterm>
923 </listitem>
924 </varlistentry>
925
926 </variablelist>
927
928 </sect2>
929
930</sect1>
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