source: chapter08/glibc.xml@ d15bbff

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Last change on this file since d15bbff was d15bbff, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 3 years ago

Fix a glibc bug that causes issues with chrooted applications.
Update to bc-3.3.0.
Update to openssl-1.1.1j.
Update to meson-0.57.0.
Update to linux-5.10.17.
Update build times and sizes.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@12138 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-fin-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-fin-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compliant
47 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
48 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
49 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Fix a bug that causes issues with chrooted applications:</para>
54
55 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -e '402a\ *result = local->data.services[database_index];' \
56 -i nss/nss_database.c</userinput></screen>
57
58 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
59 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
60
61<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
62cd build</userinput></screen>
63
64 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
65
66<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr \
67 --disable-werror \
68 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
69 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
70 --with-headers=/usr/include \
71 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</userinput></screen>
72
73 <variablelist>
74 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
75
76 <varlistentry>
77 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
78 <listitem>
79 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
80 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
81 </listitem>
82 </varlistentry>
83
84 <varlistentry>
85 <term><parameter>--enable-kernel=&min-kernel;</parameter></term>
86 <listitem>
87 <para>This option tells the build system that this glibc may
88 be used with kernels as old as &min-kernel;. This means generating
89 workarounds in case a system call introduced in a later version
90 cannot be used.</para>
91 </listitem>
92 </varlistentry>
93
94 <varlistentry>
95 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
96 <listitem>
97 <para>This option increases system security by adding
98 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
99 smashing attacks.</para>
100 </listitem>
101 </varlistentry>
102<!-- do we need this one? -->
103 <varlistentry>
104 <term><parameter>--with-headers=/usr/include</parameter></term>
105 <listitem>
106 <para>This option tells the build system where to find the
107 kernel API headers.</para>
108 </listitem>
109 </varlistentry>
110
111 <varlistentry>
112 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
113 <listitem>
114 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
115 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
116 </listitem>
117 </varlistentry>
118
119 <varlistentry>
120 <term><option>libc_cv_include_x86_isa_level=no</option></term>
121 <listitem>
122 <para>This disables <quote>x86 ISA needed</quote> property in
123 Glibc libraries. Use it <emphasis role="bold">if</emphasis>
124 you are building Glibc with <option>-march</option> option in
125 <envar>CFLAGS</envar>, to workaround an issue in Glibc-2.33
126 breaking it.</para>
127 </listitem>
128 </varlistentry>
129
130 </variablelist>
131
132 <para>Compile the package:</para>
133
134<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
135
136 <important>
137 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
138 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
139 </important>
140
141 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
142 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
143
144<!-- Use remap="make" here to work around a jhalfs issue. -->
145<!--<screen><userinput remap="make">case $(uname -m) in
146 i?86) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux.so.2 /lib ;;
147 x86_64) ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib ;;
148esac</userinput></screen>
149
150 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
151 stage of building in the chroot environment. It will be overwritten
152 in the install phase below.</para></note>
153-->
154<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>
155
156 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
157 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
158 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
159
160 <itemizedlist>
161
162 <listitem>
163 <para><emphasis>io/tst-lchmod</emphasis>
164 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
165 </listitem>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
169 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
170 </listitem>
171
172 <listitem>
173 <para><emphasis>elf/tst-cpu-features-cpuinfo</emphasis>
174 may fail on some architectures.</para>
175 </listitem>
176
177 <listitem>
178 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
179 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
180 </listitem>
181
182 <listitem>
183 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis> tests depend on
184 the host system kernel. Kernels 4.14.91&ndash;4.14.96,
185 4.19.13&ndash;4.19.18, and 4.20.0&ndash;4.20.5 are known to
186 cause these tests to fail.
187 </para>
188 </listitem>
189
190 <listitem>
191 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
192 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
193 AMD processor.</para>
194 </listitem>
195
196 </itemizedlist>
197
198 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
199 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
200 Prevent this warning with:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
205 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
206 </para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Install the package:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
215 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
216
217<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
218mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
221 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
222
223 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
224install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
225
226 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
227 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
228 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
229 testcases.</para>
230
231 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
232 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
233 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
234 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
235 charset-independent locale definition with the
236 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
237 charmap definition and appends the result to the
238 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
239 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
240 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
241
242<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
243localedef -i POSIX -f UTF-8 C.UTF-8 2> /dev/null || true
244localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
245localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
246localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
247localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
248localedef -i el_GR -f ISO-8859-7 el_GR
249localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
250localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
251localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
252localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
253localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
254localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
255localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
256localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
257localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
258localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
259localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
260localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
261localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
262localedef -i ja_JP -f SHIFT_JIS ja_JP.SIJS 2> /dev/null || true
263localedef -i ja_JP -f UTF-8 ja_JP.UTF-8
264localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
265localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
266localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
267localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030
268localedef -i zh_HK -f BIG5-HKSCS zh_HK.BIG5-HKSCS</userinput></screen>
269
270 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
271 character set.</para>
272
273 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
274 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
275 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
276 following time-consuming command:</para>
277
278<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
279
280 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
281 install locales not listed in the
282 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
283 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
284
285 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
286 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
287 is needed, the instructions for installing libidn2 are in the
288 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
289 </para></note>
290
291 </sect2>
292
293 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
294 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
295
296 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
297 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
298 </indexterm>
299
300 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
301 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
302 </indexterm>
303
304 <sect3>
305 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
306
307 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
308 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
309 </para>
310
311 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
312 following:</para>
313
314<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
315<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
316
317passwd: files
318group: files
319shadow: files
320
321hosts: files dns
322networks: files
323
324protocols: files
325services: files
326ethers: files
327rpc: files
328
329# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
330EOF</userinput></screen>
331
332 </sect3>
333
334 <sect3>
335 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
336
337 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
338<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
339
340ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
341mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
342
343for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
344 asia australasia backward; do
345 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO ${tz}
346 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix ${tz}
347 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right ${tz}
348done
349
350cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
351zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
352unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
353
354 <variablelist>
355 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
356
357 <varlistentry>
358 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
359 <listitem>
360 <para>This creates posix time zones without any leap seconds. It is
361 conventional to put these in both
362 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
363 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
364 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
365 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
366 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
367 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
368 1.9 MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
369 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
370 failures.</para>
371 </listitem>
372 </varlistentry>
373 <varlistentry>
374 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
375 <listitem>
376 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
377 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
378 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
379 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
380 directory.</para>
381 </listitem>
382 </varlistentry>
383 <varlistentry>
384 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
385 <listitem>
386 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
387 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
388 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
389 </listitem>
390 </varlistentry>
391 </variablelist>
392
393
394 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
395 script:</para>
396
397<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
398
399 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
400 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
401 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
402 time zones listed in <filename
403 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
404 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
405 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
406
407 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
408 running:</para>
409
410<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
411
412 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
413 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
414
415 </sect3>
416
417 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
418 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
419
420 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
421 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
422 </indexterm>
423
424 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
425 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
426 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
427 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
428 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
429 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
430 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
431 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
432 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
433 to contain additional libraries are <filename
434 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
435 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
436 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
437
438 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
439 following:</para>
440
441<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
442<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
443/usr/local/lib
444/opt/lib
445</literal>
446EOF</userinput></screen>
447
448 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
449 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
450 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
451 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
452
453<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
454<literal># Add an include directory
455include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
456</literal>
457EOF
458mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
459
460 </sect3>
461 </sect2>
462
463 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
464 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
465
466 <segmentedlist>
467 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
468 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
469 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
470
471 <seglistitem>
472 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
473 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
474 pcprofiledump, pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
475 zdump, and zic</seg>
476 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
477 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a,
478 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libm.{a,so},
479 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libmvec.{a,so}, libnsl.{a,so},
480 libnss_compat.so, libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so,
481 libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
482 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librt.{a,so},
483 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
484 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
485 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
486 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
487 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
488 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
489 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc,
490 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
491 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
492 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
493 </seglistitem>
494 </segmentedlist>
495
496 <variablelist>
497 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
498 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
499 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
500
501 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
502 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
505 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
506 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
507 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
508 </indexterm>
509 </listitem>
510 </varlistentry>
511
512 <varlistentry id="gencat">
513 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
516 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
517 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
518 </indexterm>
519 </listitem>
520 </varlistentry>
521
522 <varlistentry id="getconf">
523 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
524 <listitem>
525 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
526 specific variables</para>
527 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
528 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
529 </indexterm>
530 </listitem>
531 </varlistentry>
532
533 <varlistentry id="getent">
534 <term><command>getent</command></term>
535 <listitem>
536 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
538 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="iconv">
544 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
548 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
554 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
557 files</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
559 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
565 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
569 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="ldd">
575 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
578 by each given program or shared library</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
580 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
586 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
590 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="locale">
596 <term><command>locale</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
599 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
600 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
601 </indexterm>
602 </listitem>
603 </varlistentry>
604
605 <varlistentry id="localedef">
606 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
607 <listitem>
608 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
610 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="makedb">
616 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
620 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
626 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
629 in human-readable format</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
631 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="nscd">
637 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
640 service requests</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
642 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
648 <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Dump information generated by PC profiling</para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
652 <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="pldd">
658 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
662 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="sln">
668 <term><command>sln</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
671 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
672 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
673 </indexterm>
674 </listitem>
675 </varlistentry>
676
677 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
678 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
679 <listitem>
680 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
682 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="sprof">
688 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
692 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
698 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
701 the corresponding time zone description</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
703 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
709 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
712 executed function</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
714 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="zdump">
720 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
724 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="zic">
730 <term><command>zic</command></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
734 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
740 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
743 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
744 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
745 </indexterm>
746 </listitem>
747 </varlistentry>
748
749 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
750 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
751 <listitem>
752 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
753 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
754 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
755 for more information</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
757 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
763 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
766 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
768 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="libanl">
774 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
778 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="libc">
784 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>The main C library</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
788 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
794 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>The cryptography library</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
798 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="libdl">
804 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
808 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="libg">
814 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
817 library for <command>g++</command></para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
819 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="libm">
825 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>The mathematical library</para>
828 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
829 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
830 </indexterm>
831 </listitem>
832 </varlistentry>
833
834 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
835 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
836 <listitem>
837 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
839 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
845 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
848 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
850 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
856 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>The network services library</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
860 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="libnss">
866 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
869 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
870 protocols, etc.</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
872 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
878 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Can be preloaded to PC profile an executable</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
882 <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
888 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
892 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
898 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
901 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
903 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="librt">
909 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
912 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
914 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
920 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
923 multi-threaded programs</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
925 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="libutil">
931 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
934 many different Unix utilities</para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
936 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 </variablelist>
942
943 </sect2>
944
945</sect1>
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