[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
|
---|
[b06ca36] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
|
---|
| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
|
---|
| 5 | %general-entities;
|
---|
| 6 | ]>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 7 |
|
---|
[81fd230] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-bootable-kernel" role="wrap">
|
---|
[b78c747] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="kernel.html"?>
|
---|
| 10 |
|
---|
[e747759] | 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
|
---|
[714599f] | 12 | <productname>kernel</productname>
|
---|
[e747759] | 13 | <productnumber>&linux-version;</productnumber>
|
---|
| 14 | <address>&linux-url;</address>
|
---|
| 15 | </sect1info>
|
---|
| 16 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 17 | <title>Linux-&linux-version;</title>
|
---|
| 18 |
|
---|
| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel">
|
---|
| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Linux">Linux</primary>
|
---|
| 21 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 22 |
|
---|
| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
|
---|
| 24 | <title/>
|
---|
| 25 |
|
---|
| 26 | <para>The Linux package contains the Linux kernel.</para>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 27 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 28 | <segmentedlist>
|
---|
| 29 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
|
---|
| 30 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
|
---|
[6370fa6] | 31 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 32 | <seglistitem>
|
---|
[e4a5635] | 33 | <seg>&linux-ch8-sbu;</seg>
|
---|
| 34 | <seg>&linux-ch8-du;</seg>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 35 | </seglistitem>
|
---|
| 36 | </segmentedlist>
|
---|
[a001133] | 37 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 38 | </sect2>
|
---|
[2081905] | 39 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
|
---|
| 41 | <title>Installation of the kernel</title>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 42 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 43 | <para>Building the kernel involves a few steps—configuration,
|
---|
| 44 | compilation, and installation. Read the <filename>README</filename> file
|
---|
| 45 | in the kernel source tree for alternative methods to the way this book
|
---|
| 46 | configures the kernel.</para>
|
---|
| 47 |
|
---|
| 48 | <para>Prepare for compilation by running the following command:</para>
|
---|
[b9e738a] | 49 |
|
---|
[0445a3d] | 50 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">make mrproper</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[b9e738a] | 51 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 52 | <para>This ensures that the kernel tree is absolutely clean. The
|
---|
| 53 | kernel team recommends that this command be issued prior to each
|
---|
| 54 | kernel compilation. Do not rely on the source tree being clean after
|
---|
| 55 | un-tarring.</para>
|
---|
[d72e04a] | 56 |
|
---|
[fa21b3d] | 57 | <!-- Support for compiling a keymap into the kernel is deliberately removed -->
|
---|
[81fd230] | 58 |
|
---|
[764b5cf] | 59 | <para>Configure the kernel via a menu-driven interface. For general
|
---|
| 60 | information on kernel configuration see <ulink
|
---|
[e9ba8aa8] | 61 | url="&hints-root;kernel-configuration.txt"/>. BLFS has some information
|
---|
[764b5cf] | 62 | regarding particular kernel configuration requirements of packages outside
|
---|
| 63 | of LFS at <ulink
|
---|
[0ee07e5] | 64 | url="&blfs-book;longindex.html#kernel-config-index"/>. Additional
|
---|
[f873610] | 65 | information about configuring and building the kernel can be found at
|
---|
| 66 | <ulink url="http://www.kroah.com/lkn/"/> </para>
|
---|
[e9ba8aa8] | 67 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 68 | <note>
|
---|
| 69 |
|
---|
| 70 | <para>A good starting place for setting up the kernel configuration is to
|
---|
| 71 | run <command>make defconfig</command>. This will set the base
|
---|
| 72 | configuration to a good state that takes your current system architecture
|
---|
| 73 | into account.</para>
|
---|
[7e3a289] | 74 |
|
---|
[25332b5] | 75 | <para>Be sure to enable/disable/set the following features or the system might
|
---|
[1118b17] | 76 | not work correctly or boot at all:</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 77 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 78 | <screen role="nodump" revision="sysv">
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 79 | Device Drivers --->
|
---|
[e9ba8aa8] | 80 | Generic Driver Options --->
|
---|
[040ecb6] | 81 | [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]
|
---|
[25332b5] | 82 | [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]
|
---|
| 83 |
|
---|
| 84 | Kernel hacking --->
|
---|
| 85 | Choose kernel unwinder (Frame pointer unwinder) ---> [CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER]</screen>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 86 |
|
---|
| 87 | <screen role="nodump" revision="systemd">
|
---|
[de5d133] | 88 | General setup -->
|
---|
| 89 | [ ] Enable deprecated sysfs features to support old userspace tools [CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED]
|
---|
| 90 | [ ] Enable deprecated sysfs features by default [CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2]
|
---|
| 91 | [*] open by fhandle syscalls [CONFIG_FHANDLE]
|
---|
| 92 | [ ] Auditing support [CONFIG_AUDIT]
|
---|
| 93 | [*] Control Group support [CONFIG_CGROUPS]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 94 | Processor type and features --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 95 | [*] Enable seccomp to safely compute untrusted bytecode [CONFIG_SECCOMP]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 96 | Networking support --->
|
---|
| 97 | Networking options --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 98 | <*> The IPv6 protocol [CONFIG_IPV6]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 99 | Device Drivers --->
|
---|
| 100 | Generic Driver Options --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 101 | [ ] Support for uevent helper [CONFIG_UEVENT_HELPER]
|
---|
| 102 | [*] Maintain a devtmpfs filesystem to mount at /dev [CONFIG_DEVTMPFS]
|
---|
| 103 | [ ] Fallback user-helper invocation for firmware loading [CONFIG_FW_LOADER_USER_HELPER]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 104 | Firmware Drivers --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 105 | [*] Export DMI identification via sysfs to userspace [CONFIG_DMIID]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 106 | File systems --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 107 | [*] Inotify support for userspace [CONFIG_INOTIFY_USER]
|
---|
| 108 | <*> Kernel automounter version 4 support (also supports v3) [CONFIG_AUTOFS4_FS]
|
---|
[1118b17] | 109 | Pseudo filesystems --->
|
---|
[de5d133] | 110 | [*] Tmpfs POSIX Access Control Lists [CONFIG_TMPFS_POSIX_ACL]
|
---|
[25332b5] | 111 | [*] Tmpfs extended attributes [CONFIG_TMPFS_XATTR]
|
---|
| 112 | Kernel hacking --->
|
---|
| 113 | Choose kernel unwinder (Frame pointer unwinder) ---> [CONFIG_UNWINDER_FRAME_POINTER]</screen>
|
---|
[1b7c90c2] | 114 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 115 | </note>
|
---|
| 116 |
|
---|
| 117 | <note revision="systemd">
|
---|
| 118 | <para>While "The IPv6 Protocol" is not strictly
|
---|
| 119 | required, it is highly recommended by the systemd developers.</para>
|
---|
| 120 | </note>
|
---|
| 121 |
|
---|
| 122 | <para revision="sysv">There are several other options that may be desired
|
---|
| 123 | depending on the requirements for the system. For a list of options needed
|
---|
| 124 | for BLFS packages, see the <ulink
|
---|
| 125 | url="&lfs-root;blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex.html#kernel-config-index">BLFS
|
---|
| 126 | Index of Kernel Settings</ulink>
|
---|
[d13c6db] | 127 | (&lfs-root;blfs/view/&short-version;/longindex.html#kernel-config-index).</para>
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 128 |
|
---|
[8e65a6a] | 129 | <note>
|
---|
| 130 | <para>If your host hardware is using UEFI, then the 'make defconfig'
|
---|
| 131 | above should automatically add in some EFI-related kernel options.</para>
|
---|
| 132 |
|
---|
| 133 | <para>In order to allow your LFS kernel to be booted from within your
|
---|
| 134 | host's UEFI boot environment, your kernel must have this option
|
---|
| 135 | selected:</para>
|
---|
| 136 |
|
---|
| 137 | <screen role="nodump">Processor type and features --->
|
---|
| 138 | [*] EFI stub support [CONFIG_EFI_STUB]</screen>
|
---|
| 139 |
|
---|
| 140 | <para>A fuller description of managing UEFI environments from within LFS
|
---|
| 141 | is covered by the lfs-uefi.txt hint at
|
---|
| 142 | <ulink
|
---|
| 143 | url="http://www.linuxfromscratch.org/hints/downloads/files/lfs-uefi.txt"/>.
|
---|
| 144 | </para>
|
---|
| 145 | </note>
|
---|
| 146 |
|
---|
[1b7c90c2] | 147 | <note arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all">
|
---|
| 148 | <para>
|
---|
| 149 | Running a multilib system means also that the kernel has to be
|
---|
| 150 | configured proper. It is required that the kernel is able to
|
---|
| 151 | identify and start binaries compiled for different architectures
|
---|
| 152 | than the default. Setup the required parameter in the kernel
|
---|
| 153 | config:
|
---|
| 154 | </para>
|
---|
| 155 | <screen>Binary Emulations --->
|
---|
| 156 | [*] IA32 Emulation
|
---|
| 157 | <M> IA32 a.out support
|
---|
| 158 | [*] x32 ABI for 64-bit mode
|
---|
| 159 | </screen>
|
---|
| 160 | <para>Make sure that the option
|
---|
| 161 | 'IA32 Emulation' is set if you built support for the 32bit ABI.
|
---|
| 162 | If you selected the x32 ABI or built support for both, also select
|
---|
| 163 | 'x32 ABI for 64-bit mode'. The option 'IA32 a.out support' is
|
---|
| 164 | optional.
|
---|
| 165 | </para>
|
---|
| 166 | </note>
|
---|
| 167 |
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 168 | <variablelist>
|
---|
| 169 | <title>The rationale for the above configuration items:</title>
|
---|
| 170 |
|
---|
| 171 | <varlistentry>
|
---|
[3aee2ac2] | 172 | <term><parameter>Support for uevent helper</parameter></term>
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 173 | <listitem>
|
---|
[edbeeb5] | 174 | <para>Having this option set may interfere with device
|
---|
[5c9a7bf] | 175 | management when using Udev/Eudev. </para>
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 176 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 177 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 178 |
|
---|
| 179 | <varlistentry>
|
---|
| 180 | <term><parameter>Maintain a devtmpfs</parameter></term>
|
---|
| 181 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 182 | <para>This will create automated device nodes which are populated by the
|
---|
[5c9a7bf] | 183 | kernel, even without Udev running. Udev then runs on top of this,
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 184 | managing permissions and adding symlinks. This configuration
|
---|
[fba870f] | 185 | item is required for all users of Udev/Eudev.</para>
|
---|
[4e7d6a6] | 186 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 187 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 188 |
|
---|
| 189 | </variablelist>
|
---|
[2081905] | 190 |
|
---|
[230381d] | 191 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>make menuconfig</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[2ccccf7] | 192 |
|
---|
| 193 | <variablelist>
|
---|
[230381d] | 194 | <title>The meaning of optional make environment variables:</title>
|
---|
[2ccccf7] | 195 |
|
---|
| 196 | <varlistentry>
|
---|
| 197 | <term><parameter>LANG=<host_LANG_value> LC_ALL=</parameter></term>
|
---|
| 198 | <listitem>
|
---|
[230381d] | 199 | <para>This establishes the locale setting to the one used on the
|
---|
| 200 | host. This may be needed for a proper menuconfig ncurses interface
|
---|
| 201 | line drawing on a UTF-8 linux text console.</para>
|
---|
| 202 |
|
---|
| 203 | <para>If used, be sure to replace
|
---|
| 204 | <replaceable><host_LANG_value></replaceable> by the value of
|
---|
| 205 | the <envar>$LANG</envar> variable from your host. You can
|
---|
| 206 | alternatively use instead the host's value of <envar>$LC_ALL</envar>
|
---|
[2ccccf7] | 207 | or <envar>$LC_CTYPE</envar>.</para>
|
---|
| 208 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 209 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 210 |
|
---|
| 211 | </variablelist>
|
---|
[2081905] | 212 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 213 | <para>Alternatively, <command>make oldconfig</command> may be more
|
---|
| 214 | appropriate in some situations. See the <filename>README</filename>
|
---|
| 215 | file for more information.</para>
|
---|
| 216 |
|
---|
| 217 | <para>If desired, skip kernel configuration by copying the kernel
|
---|
| 218 | config file, <filename>.config</filename>, from the host system
|
---|
| 219 | (assuming it is available) to the unpacked <filename
|
---|
| 220 | class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename> directory. However,
|
---|
| 221 | we do not recommend this option. It is often better to explore all the
|
---|
| 222 | configuration menus and create the kernel configuration from
|
---|
| 223 | scratch.</para>
|
---|
| 224 |
|
---|
| 225 | <para>Compile the kernel image and modules:</para>
|
---|
[2081905] | 226 |
|
---|
[0445a3d] | 227 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[2081905] | 228 |
|
---|
[b67f2d6] | 229 | <para>If using kernel modules, module configuration in <filename
|
---|
| 230 | class="directory">/etc/modprobe.d</filename> may be required.
|
---|
| 231 | Information pertaining to modules and kernel configuration is
|
---|
| 232 | located in <xref linkend="ch-scripts-udev"/> and in the kernel
|
---|
| 233 | documentation in the <filename
|
---|
[b78c747] | 234 | class="directory">linux-&linux-version;/Documentation</filename> directory.
|
---|
[fba870f] | 235 | Also, <filename>modprobe.d(5)</filename> may be of interest.</para>
|
---|
[4b59d59] | 236 |
|
---|
[0aaf6a31] | 237 | <para>Unless module support has been disabled in the kernel configuration,
|
---|
| 238 | install the modules with:</para>
|
---|
[2081905] | 239 |
|
---|
[11ebea6] | 240 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make modules_install</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[2081905] | 241 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 242 | <para>After kernel compilation is complete, additional steps are
|
---|
| 243 | required to complete the installation. Some files need to be copied to
|
---|
| 244 | the <filename class="directory">/boot</filename> directory.</para>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 245 |
|
---|
[230381d] | 246 | <caution>
|
---|
[0d84af1] | 247 | <para>If the host system has a separate /boot partition, the files copied
|
---|
| 248 | below should go there. The easiest way to do that is to bind /boot on the
|
---|
| 249 | host (outside chroot) to /mnt/lfs/boot before proceeding. As the root
|
---|
| 250 | user in the <emphasis>host system</emphasis>:</para>
|
---|
[230381d] | 251 |
|
---|
[11ebea6] | 252 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>mount --bind /boot /mnt/lfs/boot</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[230381d] | 253 | </caution>
|
---|
| 254 |
|
---|
[f9bcaec] | 255 | <para>The path to the kernel image may vary depending on the platform being
|
---|
| 256 | used. The filename below can be changed to suit your taste, but the stem of
|
---|
[fe1643e] | 257 | the filename should be <emphasis>vmlinuz</emphasis> to be compatible with
|
---|
[f9bcaec] | 258 | the automatic setup of the boot process described in the next section. The
|
---|
| 259 | following command assumes an x86 architecture:</para>
|
---|
[2081905] | 260 |
|
---|
[b3f1ebb3] | 261 | <screen arch="default" revision="sysv"><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 262 |
|
---|
[fd48baa] | 263 | <screen arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all" revision="sysv"><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;-multilib</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[b3f1ebb3] | 264 |
|
---|
| 265 | <screen arch="default" revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 266 |
|
---|
[fd48baa] | 267 | <screen arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all" revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">cp -iv arch/x86/boot/bzImage /boot/vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;-multilib</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[e787b1f] | 268 |
|
---|
[2081905] | 269 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 270 | <para><filename>System.map</filename> is a symbol file for the kernel.
|
---|
| 271 | It maps the function entry points of every function in the kernel API,
|
---|
| 272 | as well as the addresses of the kernel data structures for the running
|
---|
[2ca8941] | 273 | kernel. It is used as a resource when investigating kernel problems.
|
---|
[6028823] | 274 | Issue the following command to install the map file:</para>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 275 |
|
---|
[0d84af1] | 276 | <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -iv System.map /boot/System.map-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[2081905] | 277 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 278 | <para>The kernel configuration file <filename>.config</filename>
|
---|
| 279 | produced by the <command>make menuconfig</command> step
|
---|
| 280 | above contains all the configuration selections for the kernel
|
---|
| 281 | that was just compiled. It is a good idea to keep this file for future
|
---|
| 282 | reference:</para>
|
---|
[81fd230] | 283 |
|
---|
[0d84af1] | 284 | <screen><userinput remap="install">cp -iv .config /boot/config-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[2081905] | 285 |
|
---|
[a1e18fa] | 286 | <para>Install the documentation for the Linux kernel:</para>
|
---|
| 287 |
|
---|
[0445a3d] | 288 | <screen><userinput remap="install">install -d /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;
|
---|
[c226182] | 289 | cp -r Documentation/* /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;</userinput></screen>
|
---|
[a1e18fa] | 290 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 291 | <para>It is important to note that the files in the kernel source
|
---|
| 292 | directory are not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever a
|
---|
| 293 | package is unpacked as user <emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did
|
---|
| 294 | inside chroot), the files have the user and group IDs of whatever
|
---|
| 295 | they were on the packager's computer. This is usually not a problem
|
---|
| 296 | for any other package to be installed because the source tree is
|
---|
| 297 | removed after the installation. However, the Linux source tree is
|
---|
| 298 | often retained for a long time. Because of this, there is a chance
|
---|
| 299 | that whatever user ID the packager used will be assigned to somebody
|
---|
| 300 | on the machine. That person would then have write access to the kernel
|
---|
| 301 | source.</para>
|
---|
| 302 |
|
---|
[1c5e434] | 303 | <note>
|
---|
| 304 | <para>In many cases, the configuration of the kernel will need to be
|
---|
| 305 | updated for packages that will be installed later in BLFS. Unlike
|
---|
| 306 | other packages, it is not necessary to remove the kernel source tree
|
---|
| 307 | after the newly built kernel is installed.</para>
|
---|
| 308 |
|
---|
| 309 | <para>If the kernel source tree is going to be retained, run
|
---|
| 310 | <command>chown -R 0:0</command> on the <filename
|
---|
| 311 | class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename> directory to ensure
|
---|
| 312 | all files are owned by user <emphasis>root</emphasis>.</para>
|
---|
| 313 | </note>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 314 |
|
---|
| 315 | <warning>
|
---|
| 316 | <para>Some kernel documentation recommends creating a symlink from
|
---|
| 317 | <filename class="symlink">/usr/src/linux</filename> pointing to the kernel
|
---|
| 318 | source directory. This is specific to kernels prior to the 2.6 series and
|
---|
| 319 | <emphasis>must not</emphasis> be created on an LFS system as it can cause
|
---|
| 320 | problems for packages you may wish to build once your base LFS system is
|
---|
| 321 | complete.</para>
|
---|
[6c75ca3] | 322 | </warning>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 323 |
|
---|
[6c75ca3] | 324 | <warning>
|
---|
[4a32085] | 325 | <para>The headers in the system's <filename
|
---|
| 326 | class="directory">include</filename> directory (<filename
|
---|
| 327 | class="directory">/usr/include</filename>) should
|
---|
[b78c747] | 328 | <emphasis>always</emphasis> be the ones against which Glibc was compiled,
|
---|
[4a32085] | 329 | that is, the sanitised headers installed in <xref
|
---|
| 330 | linkend="ch-system-linux-headers"/>. Therefore, they should
|
---|
| 331 | <emphasis>never</emphasis> be replaced by either the raw kernel headers
|
---|
| 332 | or any other kernel sanitized headers.</para>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 333 | </warning>
|
---|
| 334 |
|
---|
| 335 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 336 |
|
---|
[200e466] | 337 | <sect2 id="conf-modprobe" role="configuration">
|
---|
| 338 | <title>Configuring Linux Module Load Order</title>
|
---|
| 339 |
|
---|
| 340 | <indexterm zone="conf-modprobe">
|
---|
[b67f2d6] | 341 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf">/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</primary>
|
---|
[200e466] | 342 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 343 |
|
---|
[cdd87ad] | 344 | <para>Most of the time Linux modules are loaded automatically, but
|
---|
| 345 | sometimes it needs some specific direction. The program that loads
|
---|
| 346 | modules, <command>modprobe</command> or <command>insmod</command>, uses
|
---|
| 347 | <filename>/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</filename> for this purpose. This file
|
---|
| 348 | needs to be created so that if the USB drivers (ehci_hcd, ohci_hcd and
|
---|
| 349 | uhci_hcd) have been built as modules, they will be loaded in the correct
|
---|
| 350 | order; ehci_hcd needs to be loaded prior to ohci_hcd and uhci_hcd in order
|
---|
| 351 | to avoid a warning being output at boot time.</para>
|
---|
[200e466] | 352 |
|
---|
[b67f2d6] | 353 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</filename> by running
|
---|
[200e466] | 354 | the following:</para>
|
---|
| 355 |
|
---|
[23ba7a00] | 356 | <screen><userinput>install -v -m755 -d /etc/modprobe.d
|
---|
[b67f2d6] | 357 | cat > /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf << "EOF"
|
---|
| 358 | <literal># Begin /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf
|
---|
[200e466] | 359 |
|
---|
| 360 | install ohci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i ohci_hcd ; true
|
---|
| 361 | install uhci_hcd /sbin/modprobe ehci_hcd ; /sbin/modprobe -i uhci_hcd ; true
|
---|
| 362 |
|
---|
[b67f2d6] | 363 | # End /etc/modprobe.d/usb.conf</literal>
|
---|
[200e466] | 364 | EOF</userinput></screen>
|
---|
| 365 |
|
---|
| 366 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 367 |
|
---|
[b78c747] | 368 | <sect2 id="contents-kernel" role="content">
|
---|
| 369 | <title>Contents of Linux</title>
|
---|
| 370 |
|
---|
| 371 | <segmentedlist>
|
---|
| 372 | <segtitle>Installed files</segtitle>
|
---|
[fe05b08] | 373 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 374 |
|
---|
| 375 | <seglistitem>
|
---|
[2ca8941] | 376 | <seg>config-&linux-version;,
|
---|
[b3f1ebb3] | 377 | <phrase arch="default" revision="sysv">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;,</phrase>
|
---|
| 378 | <phrase arch="default" revision="systemd">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;,</phrase>
|
---|
[fd48baa] | 379 | <phrase arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all" revision="sysv">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;-multilib,</phrase>
|
---|
| 380 | <phrase arch="ml_32,ml_x32,ml_all" revision="systemd">vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;-multilib,</phrase>
|
---|
[e787b1f] | 381 | and System.map-&linux-version;</seg>
|
---|
[fe05b08] | 382 | <seg>/lib/modules, /usr/share/doc/linux-&linux-version;</seg>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 383 | </seglistitem>
|
---|
| 384 | </segmentedlist>
|
---|
| 385 |
|
---|
| 386 | <variablelist>
|
---|
| 387 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
---|
| 388 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
---|
| 389 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
---|
| 390 |
|
---|
| 391 | <varlistentry id="config">
|
---|
| 392 | <term><filename>config-&linux-version;</filename></term>
|
---|
| 393 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 394 | <para>Contains all the configuration selections for the kernel</para>
|
---|
| 395 | <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel config">
|
---|
| 396 | <primary sortas="e-/boot/config">/boot/config-&linux-version;</primary>
|
---|
| 397 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 398 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 399 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 400 |
|
---|
| 401 | <varlistentry id="lfskernel">
|
---|
[e787b1f] | 402 | <term revision="sysv"><filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&version;</filename></term>
|
---|
| 403 | <term revision="systemd"><filename>vmlinuz-&linux-version;-lfs-&versiond;</filename></term>
|
---|
[b78c747] | 404 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 405 | <para>The engine of the Linux system. When turning on the computer,
|
---|
| 406 | the kernel is the first part of the operating system that gets loaded.
|
---|
| 407 | It detects and initializes all components of the computer's hardware,
|
---|
| 408 | then makes these components available as a tree of files to the
|
---|
| 409 | software and turns a single CPU into a multitasking machine capable
|
---|
| 410 | of running scores of programs seemingly at the same time</para>
|
---|
| 411 | <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel lfskernel">
|
---|
| 412 | <primary sortas="b-lfskernel">lfskernel-&linux-version;</primary>
|
---|
| 413 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 414 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 415 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 416 |
|
---|
| 417 | <varlistentry id="System.map">
|
---|
| 418 | <term><filename>System.map-&linux-version;</filename></term>
|
---|
| 419 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 420 | <para>A list of addresses and symbols; it maps the entry points and
|
---|
| 421 | addresses of all the functions and data structures in the
|
---|
| 422 | kernel</para>
|
---|
| 423 | <indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel System.map">
|
---|
| 424 | <primary sortas="e-/boot/System.map">/boot/System.map-&linux-version;</primary>
|
---|
| 425 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 426 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 427 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 428 |
|
---|
| 429 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 430 |
|
---|
| 431 | </sect2>
|
---|
[673b0d8] | 432 |
|
---|
[6370fa6] | 433 | </sect1>
|
---|