source: chapter08/perl.xml@ d672ab7

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Last change on this file since d672ab7 was d672ab7, checked in by Pierre Labastie <pierre.labastie@…>, 3 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-perl" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="perl.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>perl</productname>
13 <productnumber>&perl-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&perl-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Perl-&perl-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl">
20 <primary sortas="a-Perl">Perl</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Perl package contains the Practical Extraction and Report
27 Language.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&perl-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&perl-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38
39 </sect2>
40
41 <sect2 role="installation">
42 <title>Installation of Perl</title>
43
44 <para>First, apply a patch that fixes an issue highlighted by recent
45 versions of gdbm:</para>
46
47<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&perl-fix-patch;</userinput></screen>
48
49 <para>This version of Perl now builds the Compress::Raw::Zlib and
50 Compress::Raw::BZip2 modules. By
51 default Perl will use an internal copy of the sources for the build.
52 Issue the following command so that Perl will use the libraries
53 installed on the system:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap="pre">export BUILD_ZLIB=False
56export BUILD_BZIP2=0</userinput></screen>
57
58 <para>To have full control over the way Perl is set up, you can remove the
59 <quote>-des</quote> options from the following command and hand-pick the way
60 this package is built. Alternatively, use the command exactly as below to
61 use the defaults that Perl auto-detects:</para>
62
63 <screen><userinput remap="configure">sh Configure -des \
64 -Dprefix=/usr \
65 -Dvendorprefix=/usr \
66 -Dprivlib=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/core_perl \
67 -Darchlib=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/core_perl \
68 -Dsitelib=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/site_perl \
69 -Dsitearch=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/site_perl \
70 -Dvendorlib=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/vendor_perl \
71 -Dvendorarch=/usr/lib/perl5/&perl-version-min;/vendor_perl \
72 -Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1 \
73 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3 \
74 -Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR" \
75 -Duseshrplib \
76 -Dusethreads</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>-Dvendorprefix=/usr</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This ensures <command>perl</command> knows how to
85 tell packages where they should install their perl modules.</para>
86 </listitem>
87 </varlistentry>
88
89 <varlistentry>
90 <term><parameter>-Dpager="/usr/bin/less -isR"</parameter></term>
91 <listitem>
92 <para>This ensures that <userinput>less</userinput> is used instead
93 of <userinput>more</userinput>.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Dman1dir=/usr/share/man/man1
99 -Dman3dir=/usr/share/man/man3</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>Since Groff is not installed yet, <command>Configure</command>
102 thinks that we do not want man pages for Perl. Issuing these
103 parameters overrides this decision.</para>
104 </listitem>
105 </varlistentry>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>-Duseshrplib</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>Build a shared libperl needed by some perl modules.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dusethreads</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>Build perl with support for threads.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 <varlistentry>
122 <term><parameter>-Dprivlib,-Darchlib,-Dsitelib,...</parameter></term>
123 <listitem>
124 <para>These settings define where Perl is looking for installed
125 modules. The LFS editors chose to put them in a directory structure
126 based on the Major.Minor version of Perl (&perl-version-min;) which
127 allows upgrading Perl to newer Patch levels (&perl-version;) without
128 the need to reinstall all of the modules again.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 </variablelist>
133
134 <para>Compile the package:</para>
135
136<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
137
138 <para>To test the results (approximately 11 SBU), issue:</para>
139
140<screen><userinput remap="test">make test</userinput></screen>
141
142 <!--note><para>One test fails due to using the most recent version of gdbm.
143 </para></note-->
144
145 <para>Install the package and clean up:</para>
146
147<screen><userinput remap="install">make install
148unset BUILD_ZLIB BUILD_BZIP2</userinput></screen>
149
150 </sect2>
151
152 <sect2 id="contents-perl" role="content">
153 <title>Contents of Perl</title>
154
155 <segmentedlist>
156 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
157 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
158 <segtitle>Installed directory</segtitle>
159
160 <seglistitem>
161 <seg>corelist, cpan, enc2xs, encguess, h2ph, h2xs, instmodsh,
162 json_pp, libnetcfg, perl, perl&perl-version; (hard link to perl),
163 perlbug, perldoc, perlivp, perlthanks (hard link to perlbug), piconv,
164 pl2pm, pod2html, pod2man, pod2text, pod2usage, podchecker, podselect,
165 prove, ptar, ptardiff, ptargrep, shasum,
166 splain, xsubpp, and zipdetails</seg>
167 <seg>Many which cannot all be listed here</seg>
168 <seg>/usr/lib/perl5</seg>
169 </seglistitem>
170 </segmentedlist>
171
172 <variablelist>
173 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
174 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
175 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
176<!--
177 <varlistentry id="c2ph">
178 <term><command>c2ph</command></term>
179 <listitem>
180 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from
181 <command>cc -g -S</command></para>
182 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl c2ph">
183 <primary sortas="b-c2ph">c2ph</primary>
184 </indexterm>
185 </listitem>
186 </varlistentry>
187-->
188 <varlistentry id="corelist">
189 <term><command>corelist</command></term>
190 <listitem>
191 <para>A commandline frontend to Module::CoreList</para>
192 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl corelist">
193 <primary sortas="b-corelist">corelist</primary>
194 </indexterm>
195 </listitem>
196 </varlistentry>
197
198 <varlistentry id="cpan">
199 <term><command>cpan</command></term>
200 <listitem>
201 <para>Interact with the Comprehensive Perl Archive Network (CPAN)
202 from the command line</para>
203 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl cpan">
204 <primary sortas="b-cpan">cpan</primary>
205 </indexterm>
206 </listitem>
207 </varlistentry>
208
209 <varlistentry id="enc2xs">
210 <term><command>enc2xs</command></term>
211 <listitem>
212 <para>Builds a Perl extension for the Encode module from either
213 Unicode Character Mappings or Tcl Encoding Files</para>
214 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl enc2xs">
215 <primary sortas="b-enc2xs">enc2xs</primary>
216 </indexterm>
217 </listitem>
218 </varlistentry>
219
220 <varlistentry id="encguess">
221 <term><command>encguess</command></term>
222 <listitem>
223 <para>Guess the encoding type of one or several files</para>
224 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl encguess">
225 <primary sortas="b-encguess">encguess</primary>
226 </indexterm>
227 </listitem>
228 </varlistentry>
229
230 <varlistentry id="h2ph">
231 <term><command>h2ph</command></term>
232 <listitem>
233 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
234 files to <filename class="extension">.ph</filename> Perl header
235 files</para>
236 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2ph">
237 <primary sortas="b-h2ph">h2ph</primary>
238 </indexterm>
239 </listitem>
240 </varlistentry>
241
242 <varlistentry id="h2xs">
243 <term><command>h2xs</command></term>
244 <listitem>
245 <para>Converts <filename class="extension">.h</filename> C header
246 files to Perl extensions</para>
247 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl h2xs">
248 <primary sortas="b-h2xs">h2xs</primary>
249 </indexterm>
250 </listitem>
251 </varlistentry>
252
253 <varlistentry id="instmodsh">
254 <term><command>instmodsh</command></term>
255 <listitem>
256 <para>Shell script for examining installed Perl modules,
257 and can create a tarball from an installed module</para>
258 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl instmodsh">
259 <primary sortas="b-instmodsh">instmodsh</primary>
260 </indexterm>
261 </listitem>
262 </varlistentry>
263
264 <varlistentry id="json_pp">
265 <term><command>json_pp</command></term>
266 <listitem>
267 <para>Converts data between certain input and output formats</para>
268 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl json_pp">
269 <primary sortas="b-json_pp">json_pp</primary>
270 </indexterm>
271 </listitem>
272 </varlistentry>
273
274 <varlistentry id="libnetcfg">
275 <term><command>libnetcfg</command></term>
276 <listitem>
277 <para>Can be used to configure the
278 <filename class="libraryfile">libnet</filename> Perl module</para>
279 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl libnetcfg">
280 <primary sortas="b-libnetcfg">libnetcfg</primary>
281 </indexterm>
282 </listitem>
283 </varlistentry>
284
285 <varlistentry id="perl">
286 <term><command>perl</command></term>
287 <listitem>
288 <para>Combines some of the best features of C, <command>sed</command>,
289 <command>awk</command> and <command>sh</command> into a single
290 swiss-army language</para>
291 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl">
292 <primary sortas="b-perl">perl</primary>
293 </indexterm>
294 </listitem>
295 </varlistentry>
296
297 <varlistentry id="perl-version">
298 <term><command>perl&perl-version;</command></term>
299 <listitem>
300 <para>A hard link to <command>perl</command></para>
301 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perl-version">
302 <primary sortas="b-perl&perl-version;">perl&perl-version;</primary>
303 </indexterm>
304 </listitem>
305 </varlistentry>
306
307 <varlistentry id="perlbug">
308 <term><command>perlbug</command></term>
309 <listitem>
310 <para>Used to generate bug reports about Perl, or the modules that come
311 with it, and mail them</para>
312 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlbug">
313 <primary sortas="b-perlbug">perlbug</primary>
314 </indexterm>
315 </listitem>
316 </varlistentry>
317
318 <varlistentry id="perldoc">
319 <term><command>perldoc</command></term>
320 <listitem>
321 <para>Displays a piece of documentation in pod format that is embedded
322 in the Perl installation tree or in a Perl script</para>
323 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perldoc">
324 <primary sortas="b-perldoc">perldoc</primary>
325 </indexterm>
326 </listitem>
327 </varlistentry>
328
329 <varlistentry id="perlivp">
330 <term><command>perlivp</command></term>
331 <listitem>
332 <para>The Perl Installation Verification Procedure; it can be used to
333 verify that Perl and its libraries have been installed
334 correctly</para>
335 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlivp">
336 <primary sortas="b-perlivp">perlivp</primary>
337 </indexterm>
338 </listitem>
339 </varlistentry>
340
341 <varlistentry id="perlthanks">
342 <term><command>perlthanks</command></term>
343 <listitem>
344 <para>Used to generate thank you messages to mail to the Perl
345 developers</para>
346 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl perlthanks">
347 <primary sortas="b-perlthanks">perlthanks</primary>
348 </indexterm>
349 </listitem>
350 </varlistentry>
351
352 <varlistentry id="piconv">
353 <term><command>piconv</command></term>
354 <listitem>
355 <para>A Perl version of the character encoding converter
356 <command>iconv</command></para>
357 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl piconv">
358 <primary sortas="b-piconv">piconv</primary>
359 </indexterm>
360 </listitem>
361 </varlistentry>
362
363 <varlistentry id="pl2pm">
364 <term><command>pl2pm</command></term>
365 <listitem>
366 <para>A rough tool for converting Perl4
367 <filename class="extension">.pl</filename> files to Perl5
368 <filename class="extension">.pm</filename> modules</para>
369 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pl2pm">
370 <primary sortas="b-pl2pm">pl2pm</primary>
371 </indexterm>
372 </listitem>
373 </varlistentry>
374
375 <varlistentry id="pod2html">
376 <term><command>pod2html</command></term>
377 <listitem>
378 <para>Converts files from pod format to HTML format</para>
379 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2html">
380 <primary sortas="b-pod2html">pod2html</primary>
381 </indexterm>
382 </listitem>
383 </varlistentry>
384
385 <varlistentry id="pod2man">
386 <term><command>pod2man</command></term>
387 <listitem>
388 <para>Converts pod data to formatted *roff input</para>
389 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2man">
390 <primary sortas="b-pod2man">pod2man</primary>
391 </indexterm>
392 </listitem>
393 </varlistentry>
394
395 <varlistentry id="pod2text">
396 <term><command>pod2text</command></term>
397 <listitem>
398 <para>Converts pod data to formatted ASCII text</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2text">
400 <primary sortas="b-pod2text">pod2text</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="pod2usage">
406 <term><command>pod2usage</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Prints usage messages from embedded pod docs in files</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pod2usage">
410 <primary sortas="b-pod2usage">pod2usage</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="podchecker">
416 <term><command>podchecker</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Checks the syntax of pod format documentation files</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podchecker">
420 <primary sortas="b-podchecker">podchecker</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 <varlistentry id="podselect">
426 <term><command>podselect</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>Displays selected sections of pod documentation</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl podselect">
430 <primary sortas="b-podselect">podselect</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry>
434
435 <varlistentry id="prove">
436 <term><command>prove</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>Command line tool for running tests against the Test::Harness
439 module</para>
440 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl prove">
441 <primary sortas="b-prove">prove</primary>
442 </indexterm>
443 </listitem>
444 </varlistentry>
445<!--
446 <varlistentry id="pstruct">
447 <term><command>pstruct</command></term>
448 <listitem>
449 <para>Dumps C structures as generated from <command>cc -g -S</command>
450 stabs</para>
451 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl pstruct">
452 <primary sortas="b-pstruct">pstruct</primary>
453 </indexterm>
454 </listitem>
455 </varlistentry>
456-->
457 <varlistentry id="ptar">
458 <term><command>ptar</command></term>
459 <listitem>
460 <para>A <command>tar</command>-like program written in Perl</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptar">
462 <primary sortas="b-ptar">ptar</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
467 <varlistentry id="ptardiff">
468 <term><command>ptardiff</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>A Perl program that compares an extracted archive with an
471 unextracted one</para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptardiff">
473 <primary sortas="b-ptardiff">ptardiff</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="ptargrep">
479 <term><command>ptargrep</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>A Perl program that applies pattern matching to the contents
482 of files in a tar archive</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl ptargrep">
484 <primary sortas="b-ptargrep">ptargrep</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="shasum">
490 <term><command>shasum</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Prints or checks SHA checksums</para>
493 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl shasum">
494 <primary sortas="b-shasum">shasum</primary>
495 </indexterm>
496 </listitem>
497 </varlistentry>
498
499 <varlistentry id="splain">
500 <term><command>splain</command></term>
501 <listitem>
502 <para>Is used to force verbose warning diagnostics in Perl</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl splain">
504 <primary sortas="b-splain">splain</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="xsubpp">
510 <term><command>xsubpp</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Converts Perl XS code into C code</para>
513 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl xsubpp">
514 <primary sortas="b-xsubpp">xsubpp</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="zipdetails">
520 <term><command>zipdetails</command></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>Displays details about the internal structure of a Zip file</para>
523 <indexterm zone="ch-system-perl zipdetails">
524 <primary sortas="b-zipdetails">zipdetails</primary>
525 </indexterm>
526 </listitem>
527 </varlistentry>
528
529 </variablelist>
530
531 </sect2>
532
533</sect1>
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