[f896e21c] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[35a5259] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
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[cba2d4e] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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[f896e21c] | 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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[cba2d4e] | 12 | <productname>systemd</productname>
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[f896e21c] | 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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[cba2d4e] | 17 | <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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[f896e21c] | 18 |
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[cba2d4e] | 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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[1118b17] | 20 | <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
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[f896e21c] | 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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[1118b17] | 26 | <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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[cba2d4e] | 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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[fb386e0] | 34 | <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[1118b17] | 41 | <title>Installation of systemd</title>
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[70dcd88] | 42 |
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[2ca70d33] | 43 | <!--
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[380fdc0] | 44 | <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10 and fix a segfault:</para>
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[d53fefa] | 45 |
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[380fdc0] | 46 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
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[2ca70d33] | 47 | -->
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[d53fefa] | 48 |
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[22009fb] | 49 | <para>First, apply a patch to fix some regressions:</para>
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| 50 |
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| 51 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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| 52 |
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[9e7475a] | 53 | <para>Create a symlink to work around the xsltproc command not being installed:</para>
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[81ed05f] | 54 |
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[efcb393] | 55 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
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[e88a471b] | 56 |
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[fc199db] | 57 | <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
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| 58 |
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[f7cea72] | 59 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 60 |
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[e88a471b] | 61 | <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
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| 62 |
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[22009fb] | 63 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '181,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
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[b55310e] | 64 |
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[896e77e] | 65 | <para>Remove an unneeded group,
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| 66 | <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
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| 67 | rules:</para>
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| 68 |
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[87621f8] | 69 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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[896e77e] | 70 |
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[1118b17] | 71 | <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
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| 72 |
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[c556e59] | 73 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
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[04b2165] | 74 | cd build
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[fc199db] | 75 |
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[0f703541] | 76 | LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
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| 77 | meson --prefix=/usr \
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| 78 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 79 | --localstatedir=/var \
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| 80 | -Dblkid=true \
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| 81 | -Dbuildtype=release \
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| 82 | -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
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| 83 | -Dfirstboot=false \
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| 84 | -Dinstall-tests=false \
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| 85 | -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
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| 86 | -Dldconfig=false \
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| 87 | -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
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| 88 | -Drootprefix= \
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| 89 | -Drootlibdir=/lib \
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| 90 | -Dsplit-usr=true \
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| 91 | -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
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| 92 | -Dsysusers=false \
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| 93 | -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
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| 94 | -Db_lto=false \
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| 95 | -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
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| 96 | -Dhomed=false \
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| 97 | -Duserdb=false \
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| 98 | -Dman=true \
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[22009fb] | 99 | -Dmode=release \
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[1446892] | 100 | -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
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[fc199db] | 101 | ..</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 102 |
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| 103 | <variablelist>
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[81ed05f] | 104 | <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
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[cba2d4e] | 105 |
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| 106 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 107 | <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 108 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 109 | <para>These switches provide the location of binaries needed by
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[efcb393] | 110 | systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 111 | </listitem>
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| 112 | </varlistentry>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 115 | <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 116 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 117 | <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 118 | </listitem>
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| 119 | </varlistentry>
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| 120 |
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| 121 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 122 | <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 123 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 124 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 125 | services responsible for setting up the system for
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| 126 | the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
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| 127 | everything is done manually.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 128 | </listitem>
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| 129 | </varlistentry>
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| 130 |
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[e88a471b] | 131 | <varlistentry>
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| 132 | <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
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| 133 | <listitem>
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| 134 | <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
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| 135 | </listitem>
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| 136 | </varlistentry>
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| 137 |
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[cba2d4e] | 138 | <varlistentry>
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[0d84af1] | 139 | <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 140 | <listitem>
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[0d84af1] | 141 | <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
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| 142 | <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
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| 143 | distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
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| 144 | if the described feature is desired.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 145 | </listitem>
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| 146 | </varlistentry>
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| 147 |
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| 148 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 149 | <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 150 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 151 | <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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[9e7475a] | 152 | shared libraries are installed in subdirectories
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[81ed05f] | 153 | of the root partition.</para>
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[1118b17] | 154 | </listitem>
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| 155 | </varlistentry>
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| 156 |
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| 157 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 158 | <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
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[1118b17] | 159 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 160 | <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
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| 161 | systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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| 162 | symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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[1118b17] | 163 | </listitem>
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| 164 | </varlistentry>
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| 165 |
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| 166 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 167 | <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
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[1118b17] | 168 | <listitem>
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| 169 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 170 | services responsible for setting up the
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| 171 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 172 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
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[0d84af1] | 173 | were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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| 176 |
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[c556e59] | 177 | <varlistentry>
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| 178 | <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
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| 179 | <listitem>
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| 180 | <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
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| 181 | for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
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| 182 | </listitem>
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| 183 | </varlistentry>
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[c06f49a] | 184 |
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| 185 | <varlistentry>
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| 186 | <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
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| 187 | <listitem>
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| 188 | <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
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| 189 | the scope of LFS.</para>
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| 190 | </listitem>
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| 191 | </varlistentry>
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| 192 |
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[fe42b2f] | 193 | <varlistentry>
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| 194 | <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
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| 195 | <listitem>
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| 196 | <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
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| 197 | </para>
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| 198 | </listitem>
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| 199 | </varlistentry>
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| 200 |
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[cba2d4e] | 201 | </variablelist>
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| 202 |
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| 203 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 204 |
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[fc199db] | 205 | <screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
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[f896e21c] | 206 |
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| 207 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 208 |
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[81ed05f] | 209 | <screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 210 |
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[c556e59] | 211 | <para>Remove an unnecessary symbolic link:</para>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
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| 214 |
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[4f8ae861] | 215 | <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
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[a815ec7] | 216 |
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| 217 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
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| 218 |
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[cba2d4e] | 219 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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[1118b17] | 220 | <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
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[053b206] | 221 |
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[15f0f21] | 222 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 223 |
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[8a0d39ee] | 224 | <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
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| 225 |
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| 226 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
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[777b5cb] | 227 |
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| 228 | <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
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| 229 | use a network configuration other than what is provided by
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| 230 | systemd-networkd:</para>
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| 231 | <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
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| 232 |
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| 233 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
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| 234 |
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[a815ec7] | 235 | <!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
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| 236 | If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
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| 237 | <!--
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[777b5cb] | 238 | <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
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| 239 | some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
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[c06f49a] | 240 |
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| 241 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
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[a815ec7] | 242 | -->
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[777b5cb] | 243 |
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[f896e21c] | 244 | </sect2>
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| 245 |
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[cba2d4e] | 246 | <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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[1118b17] | 247 | <title>Contents of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 248 |
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| 249 | <segmentedlist>
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| 250 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 251 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 252 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 253 |
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| 254 | <seglistitem>
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[78cc3be] | 255 | <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
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| 256 | hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
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| 257 | machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
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| 258 | systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
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| 259 | resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
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| 260 | (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
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[1118b17] | 261 | systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
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[22009fb] | 262 | systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-dissect, systemd-escape,
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| 263 | systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
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[78cc3be] | 264 | systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
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[c06f49a] | 265 | systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
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[78cc3be] | 266 | systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
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| 267 | systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
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| 268 | systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
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| 269 | udevadm</seg>
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[1118b17] | 270 | <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
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[78cc3be] | 271 | libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
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| 272 | libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
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[a840e59] | 273 | and libudev.so</seg>
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[cba2d4e] | 274 | <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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| 275 | /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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| 276 | /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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[2ca70d33] | 277 | /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
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| 278 | /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
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| 279 | /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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[1118b17] | 280 | /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
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| 281 | /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 282 | </seglistitem>
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| 283 | </segmentedlist>
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| 284 |
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| 285 | <variablelist>
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| 286 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 287 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 288 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 289 |
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[cba2d4e] | 290 | <varlistentry id="bootctl">
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| 291 | <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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| 292 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 293 | <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 294 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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| 295 | <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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| 296 | </indexterm>
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| 297 | </listitem>
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| 298 | </varlistentry>
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| 299 |
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| 300 | <varlistentry id="busctl">
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| 301 | <term><command>busctl</command></term>
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| 302 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 303 | <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 304 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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| 305 | <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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| 306 | </indexterm>
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| 307 | </listitem>
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| 308 | </varlistentry>
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| 309 |
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[1118b17] | 310 | <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
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| 311 | <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
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| 312 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 313 | <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
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[1118b17] | 314 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
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| 315 | <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
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| 316 | </indexterm>
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| 317 | </listitem>
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| 318 | </varlistentry>
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| 319 |
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[cba2d4e] | 320 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 321 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 322 | <listitem>
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| 323 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 324 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 325 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 326 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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[1118b17] | 327 | brought down</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 328 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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| 329 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 330 | </indexterm>
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| 331 | </listitem>
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| 332 | </varlistentry>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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| 335 | <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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| 336 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 337 | <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
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[1118b17] | 338 | settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 339 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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| 340 | <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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| 341 | </indexterm>
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| 342 | </listitem>
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| 343 | </varlistentry>
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| 344 |
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| 345 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 346 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 347 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 348 | <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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[0d84af1] | 349 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
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[9e7475a] | 350 | processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
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| 351 | systemd.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 352 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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| 353 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
|
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| 354 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 355 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 356 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 357 |
|
---|
| 358 | <varlistentry id="journalctl">
|
---|
| 359 | <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 360 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 361 | <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 362 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
|
---|
| 363 | <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
|
---|
| 364 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 365 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 366 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 367 |
|
---|
| 368 | <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
|
---|
| 369 | <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
|
---|
| 370 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 371 | <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
|
---|
| 372 | from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 373 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
|
---|
| 374 | <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
|
---|
| 375 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 376 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 377 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 378 |
|
---|
| 379 | <varlistentry id="localectl">
|
---|
| 380 | <term><command>localectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 381 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 382 | <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
|
---|
[1118b17] | 383 | settings</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 384 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
|
---|
| 385 | <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
|
---|
| 386 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 387 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 388 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 389 |
|
---|
| 390 | <varlistentry id="loginctl">
|
---|
| 391 | <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 392 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 393 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
|
---|
[1118b17] | 394 | Manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 395 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
|
---|
| 396 | <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
|
---|
| 397 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 398 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 399 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 400 |
|
---|
| 401 | <varlistentry id="machinectl">
|
---|
| 402 | <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 403 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 404 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 405 | Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
|
---|
| 406 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
|
---|
| 407 | <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
|
---|
| 408 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 409 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 410 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 411 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 412 | <varlistentry id="networkctl">
|
---|
| 413 | <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 414 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 415 | <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
|
---|
| 416 | links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 417 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
|
---|
| 418 | <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
|
---|
| 419 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 420 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 421 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 422 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 423 | <varlistentry id="portablectl">
|
---|
| 424 | <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 425 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 426 | <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 427 | system</para>
|
---|
| 428 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
|
---|
| 429 | <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
|
---|
| 430 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 431 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 432 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 433 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 434 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
---|
| 435 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
---|
| 436 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 437 | <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
---|
[1118b17] | 438 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 439 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
|
---|
| 440 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
---|
| 441 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 442 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 443 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 444 |
|
---|
| 445 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
---|
| 446 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 447 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 448 | <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
---|
[1118b17] | 449 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 450 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
|
---|
| 451 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 452 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 453 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 454 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 455 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 456 | <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
|
---|
| 457 | <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
|
---|
| 458 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 459 | <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
|
---|
[93058448] | 460 | <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 461 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
|
---|
| 462 | <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
|
---|
| 463 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 464 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 465 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 466 |
|
---|
| 467 | <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
|
---|
| 468 | <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 469 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 470 | <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
|
---|
| 471 | manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 472 | DNS records, and services.</para>
|
---|
| 473 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
|
---|
| 474 | <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
|
---|
| 475 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 476 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 477 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 478 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 479 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
---|
| 480 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 481 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 482 | <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
|
---|
[02776dff] | 483 | last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 484 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
|
---|
| 485 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 486 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 487 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 488 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 489 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 490 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
---|
| 491 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 492 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 493 | <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
|
---|
| 494 | all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 495 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
|
---|
| 496 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 497 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 498 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 499 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 500 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 501 | <varlistentry id="systemctl">
|
---|
| 502 | <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 503 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 504 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
|
---|
[1118b17] | 505 | and service manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 506 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
|
---|
| 507 | <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
|
---|
| 508 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 509 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 510 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 511 |
|
---|
| 512 | <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 513 | <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
|
---|
| 514 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 515 | <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
|
---|
| 516 | boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 517 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 518 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
|
---|
| 519 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 520 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 521 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 522 |
|
---|
| 523 | <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 524 | <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
|
---|
| 525 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 526 | <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
|
---|
[1118b17] | 527 | using a question message specified on the command line</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 528 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 529 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
|
---|
| 530 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 531 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 532 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 533 |
|
---|
| 534 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 535 | <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
|
---|
| 536 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 537 | <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
|
---|
| 538 | with the systemd journal.
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 539 | </para>
|
---|
| 540 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 541 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
|
---|
| 542 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 543 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 544 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 545 |
|
---|
| 546 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 547 | <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
|
---|
| 548 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 549 | <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
|
---|
| 550 | group hierarchy in a tree</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 551 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 552 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
|
---|
| 553 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 554 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 555 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 556 |
|
---|
| 557 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 558 | <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
|
---|
| 559 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 560 | <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
|
---|
| 561 | hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 562 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 563 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
|
---|
| 564 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 565 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 566 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 567 |
|
---|
| 568 | <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 569 | <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
|
---|
| 570 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 571 | <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 572 | <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
|
---|
[1118b17] | 573 | counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 574 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 575 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
---|
| 576 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 577 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 578 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 579 |
|
---|
| 580 | <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 581 | <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
---|
| 582 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 583 | <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
|
---|
| 584 | environment, and adjusts udev accordingly.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 585 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 586 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
---|
| 587 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 588 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 589 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 590 |
|
---|
[22009fb] | 591 | <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
|
---|
| 592 | <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
|
---|
| 593 | <listitem>
|
---|
| 594 | <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images.</para>
|
---|
| 595 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
|
---|
| 596 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
|
---|
| 597 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 598 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 599 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 600 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 601 | <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 602 | <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
|
---|
| 603 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 604 | <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
|
---|
[1118b17] | 605 | names</para>
|
---|
| 606 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 607 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
|
---|
| 608 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 609 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 610 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 611 |
|
---|
| 612 | <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 613 | <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
|
---|
| 614 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 615 | <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 616 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 617 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
|
---|
| 618 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 619 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 620 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 621 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 622 | <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
|
---|
| 623 | <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
|
---|
| 624 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 625 | <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 626 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
|
---|
| 627 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
|
---|
| 628 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 629 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 630 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 631 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 632 | <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 633 | <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
---|
| 634 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 635 | <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
|
---|
| 636 | inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
|
---|
| 637 | until the process is completed.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 638 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 639 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
---|
| 640 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 641 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 642 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 643 |
|
---|
| 644 | <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 645 | <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
---|
| 646 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 647 | <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
|
---|
[1118b17] | 648 | stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
|
---|
| 649 | randomly generated ID</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 650 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 651 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
---|
| 652 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 653 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 654 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 655 |
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 656 | <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
|
---|
| 657 | <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
|
---|
| 658 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 659 | <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks.</para>
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 660 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
|
---|
| 661 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
|
---|
| 662 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 663 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 664 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 665 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 666 | <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 667 | <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
---|
| 668 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 669 | <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
|
---|
[1118b17] | 670 | changes</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 671 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 672 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
---|
| 673 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 674 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 675 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 676 |
|
---|
| 677 | <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 678 | <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
---|
| 679 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 680 | <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
|
---|
[1118b17] | 681 | container</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 682 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 683 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
---|
| 684 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 685 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 686 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 687 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 688 | <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
|
---|
| 689 | <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
|
---|
| 690 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 691 | <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 692 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
|
---|
| 693 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
|
---|
| 694 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 695 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 696 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 697 |
|
---|
[c06f49a] | 698 | <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
|
---|
| 699 | <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
|
---|
| 700 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 701 | <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
|
---|
[c06f49a] | 702 | systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container).</para>
|
---|
| 703 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
|
---|
| 704 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
|
---|
| 705 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 706 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 707 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 708 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 709 | <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 710 | <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
|
---|
| 711 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 712 | <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
|
---|
[1118b17] | 713 | resource records, and services</para>
|
---|
| 714 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 715 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
|
---|
| 716 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 717 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 718 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 719 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 720 | <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
---|
| 721 | <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
---|
| 722 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 723 | <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
|
---|
| 724 | unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
|
---|
| 725 | validating systemd units.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 726 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
---|
| 727 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
---|
| 728 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 729 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 730 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 731 |
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 732 | <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
|
---|
| 733 | <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
|
---|
| 734 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 735 | <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
|
---|
| 736 | a successful connection to the socket.</para>
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 737 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
|
---|
| 738 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
|
---|
| 739 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 740 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 741 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 742 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 743 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 744 | <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
---|
| 745 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 746 | <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
|
---|
| 747 | directories, based on the configuration file format and location
|
---|
| 748 | specified in
|
---|
| 749 | <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 750 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 751 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
---|
| 752 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 753 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 754 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 755 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 756 | <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
|
---|
| 757 | <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
|
---|
| 758 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 759 | <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 760 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
|
---|
| 761 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
|
---|
| 762 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 763 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 764 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 765 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 766 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 767 | <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
---|
| 768 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 769 | <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
|
---|
| 770 | requests</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 771 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 772 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
---|
| 773 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 774 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 775 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 776 |
|
---|
| 777 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
---|
| 778 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
---|
| 779 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 780 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
|
---|
| 781 | to</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 782 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
---|
| 783 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
---|
| 784 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 785 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 786 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 787 |
|
---|
| 788 | <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
---|
| 789 | <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 790 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 791 | <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 792 | </para>
|
---|
| 793 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
---|
| 794 | <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 795 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 796 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 797 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 798 |
|
---|
| 799 | <varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
---|
| 800 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
---|
| 801 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 802 | <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
|
---|
| 803 | daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
|
---|
| 804 | uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
|
---|
| 805 | triggers uevents for a given device</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 806 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 807 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
---|
| 808 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 809 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 810 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 811 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 812 | <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
---|
| 813 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 814 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 815 | <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 816 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
---|
| 817 | <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 818 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 819 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 820 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 821 |
|
---|
| 822 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
|
---|
| 823 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
---|
| 824 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 825 | <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 826 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 827 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
---|
| 828 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 829 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 830 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 831 |
|
---|
| 832 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 833 |
|
---|
| 834 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 835 |
|
---|
| 836 | </sect1>
|
---|