source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 77ea132

multilib
Last change on this file since 77ea132 was 77ea132, checked in by Thomas Trepl (Moody) <thomas@…>, 2 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix a security vulnerability and regressions
44 with hostnames and idle units:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
49 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
50 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
51 rules:</para>
52
53 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
54 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
55
56 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
59cd build
60
61meson --prefix=/usr \
62 --sysconfdir=/etc \
63 --localstatedir=/var \
64 --buildtype=release \
65 -Dblkid=true \
66 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
67 -Dfirstboot=false \
68 -Dinstall-tests=false \
69 -Dldconfig=false \
70 -Dsysusers=false \
71 -Db_lto=false \
72 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
73 -Dhomed=false \
74 -Duserdb=false \
75 -Dman=false \
76 -Dmode=release \
77 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
78 ..</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
87 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
88 binaries.</para>
89 </listitem>
90 </varlistentry>
91
92 <varlistentry>
93 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
94 <listitem>
95 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
96 </listitem>
97 </varlistentry>
98
99 <varlistentry>
100 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
101 <listitem>
102 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
103 services responsible for setting up the system for
104 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
105 everything is done manually.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
113 </listitem>
114 </varlistentry>
115
116 <varlistentry>
117 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
118 <listitem>
119 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
120 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
121 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
122 if the described feature is desired.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 <varlistentry>
127 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
128 <listitem>
129 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
130 services responsible for setting up the
131 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
132 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
133 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
134 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
135 </listitem>
136 </varlistentry>
137
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
140 <listitem>
141 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
142 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 </varlistentry>
145
146 <varlistentry>
147 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
148 <listitem>
149 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
150 the scope of LFS.</para>
151 </listitem>
152 </varlistentry>
153
154 <varlistentry>
155 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
156 <listitem>
157 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
158 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
159 from a tarball later.</para>
160 </listitem>
161 </varlistentry>
162
163 <varlistentry>
164 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
165 <listitem>
166 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
167 </para>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 </variablelist>
172
173 <para>Compile the package:</para>
174
175<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
176
177 <para>Install the package:</para>
178
179<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
180
181 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
182
183<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
184
185 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
186
187<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
188
189 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
190 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
199 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
200 systemd-networkd:</para>
201 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
202
203<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
204
205<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
206 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
207<!--
208 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
209 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
212-->
213
214 </sect2>
215
216 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
217 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
218 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
219
220 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
221 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
222
223 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
224
225<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
228
229<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
230<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
231
232<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
233 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
234 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
235
236<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
237 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
238done</userinput></screen>
239-->
240
241 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
242
243 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
244CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
245CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
246LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
247meson --prefix=/usr \
248 --sysconfdir=/etc \
249 --localstatedir=/var \
250 -Dblkid=true \
251 -Dbuildtype=release \
252 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
253 -Dfirstboot=false \
254 -Dinstall-tests=false \
255 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
256 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
257 -Dldconfig=false \
258 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
259 -Drootprefix= \
260 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
261 -Dsplit-usr=true \
262 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
263 -Dsysusers=false \
264 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
265 -Db_lto=false \
266 ..</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Compile the package:</para>
269
270<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
271
272 <para>Install the package:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
275cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
276rm -rf DESTDIR
277rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
278
279 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
280
281 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
282 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
283 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
284
285 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
286 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
287
288 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
289
290<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
291
292 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
293
294<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
295
296 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
299sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
302
303<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
304CC="gcc -mx32" \
305CXX="g++ -mx32" \
306CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
307CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
308LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
309meson --prefix=/usr \
310 --sysconfdir=/etc \
311 --localstatedir=/var \
312 -Dblkid=true \
313 -Dbuildtype=release \
314 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
315 -Dfirstboot=false \
316 -Dinstall-tests=false \
317 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
318 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
319 -Dldconfig=false \
320 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
321 -Drootprefix= \
322 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
323 -Dsplit-usr=true \
324 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
325 -Dsysusers=false \
326 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
327 -Db_lto=false \
328 ..</userinput></screen>
329
330 <para>Compile the package:</para>
331
332<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
333
334 <para>Install the package:</para>
335
336<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
337cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
338rm -rf DESTDIR
339rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
340
341 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
342
343 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
344 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
345
346 <segmentedlist>
347 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
348 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
349 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
350
351 <seglistitem>
352 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
353 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
354 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
355 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
356 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
357 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
358 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
359 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
360 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
361 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
362 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
363 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
364 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
365 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
366 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
367 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
368 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
369 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
370 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
371 and libudev.so</seg>
372 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
373 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
374 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
375 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
376 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
377 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
378 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
379 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
380 </seglistitem>
381 </segmentedlist>
382
383 <variablelist>
384 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
385 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
386 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
387
388 <varlistentry id="busctl">
389 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
390 <listitem>
391 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
392 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
393 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
394 </indexterm>
395 </listitem>
396 </varlistentry>
397
398 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
399 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
400 <listitem>
401 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
402 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
403 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
404 </indexterm>
405 </listitem>
406 </varlistentry>
407
408 <varlistentry id="halt">
409 <term><command>halt</command></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
412 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
413 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
414 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
415 brought down</para>
416 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
417 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421
422 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
423 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
424 <listitem>
425 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
426 settings</para>
427 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
428 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
429 </indexterm>
430 </listitem>
431 </varlistentry>
432
433 <varlistentry id="init">
434 <term><command>init</command></term>
435 <listitem>
436 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
437 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
438 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
439 systemd</para>
440 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
441 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
442 </indexterm>
443 </listitem>
444 </varlistentry>
445
446 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
447 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
448 <listitem>
449 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
450 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
451 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
452 </indexterm>
453 </listitem>
454 </varlistentry>
455
456 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
457 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
458 <listitem>
459 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
460 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
461 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
462 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
463 </indexterm>
464 </listitem>
465 </varlistentry>
466
467 <varlistentry id="localectl">
468 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
469 <listitem>
470 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
471 settings</para>
472 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
473 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
474 </indexterm>
475 </listitem>
476 </varlistentry>
477
478 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
479 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
480 <listitem>
481 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
482 Manager</para>
483 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
484 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
485 </indexterm>
486 </listitem>
487 </varlistentry>
488
489 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
490 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
491 <listitem>
492 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
493 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
494 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
495 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
496 </indexterm>
497 </listitem>
498 </varlistentry>
499
500 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
501 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
502 <listitem>
503 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
504 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
505 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
506 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
507 </indexterm>
508 </listitem>
509 </varlistentry>
510
511 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
512 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
513 <listitem>
514 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
516 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
522 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
525 system</para>
526 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
527 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
528 </indexterm>
529 </listitem>
530 </varlistentry>
531
532 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
533 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
534 <listitem>
535 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
536 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
537 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
538 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
539 </indexterm>
540 </listitem>
541 </varlistentry>
542
543 <varlistentry id="reboot">
544 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
545 <listitem>
546 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
547 <command>halt</command>)</para>
548 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
549 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
550 </indexterm>
551 </listitem>
552 </varlistentry>
553
554 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
555 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
556 <listitem>
557 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
558 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
559 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
560 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
561 </indexterm>
562 </listitem>
563 </varlistentry>
564
565 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
566 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
567 <listitem>
568 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
569 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
570 DNS records, and services</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
572 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
578 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
581 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
583 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
588 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
589 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
592 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
593 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
594 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
595 </indexterm>
596 </listitem>
597 </varlistentry>
598
599 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
600 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
601 <listitem>
602 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
603 and service manager</para>
604 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
605 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
606 </indexterm>
607 </listitem>
608 </varlistentry>
609
610 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
611 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
612 <listitem>
613 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
614 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
615 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
616 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
617 </indexterm>
618 </listitem>
619 </varlistentry>
620
621 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
622 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
623 <listitem>
624 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
625 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
626 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
627 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
628 </indexterm>
629 </listitem>
630 </varlistentry>
631
632 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
633 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
634 <listitem>
635 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
636 with the systemd journal
637 </para>
638 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
639 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
640 </indexterm>
641 </listitem>
642 </varlistentry>
643
644 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
645 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
646 <listitem>
647 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
648 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
650 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
656 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
659 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
660 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
661 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
662 </indexterm>
663 </listitem>
664 </varlistentry>
665
666 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
667 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
668 <listitem>
669 <para>Displays and processes credentials.</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
671 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
677 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
680 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
681 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
682 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
683 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
684 </indexterm>
685 </listitem>
686 </varlistentry>
687
688 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
689 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
690 <listitem>
691 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
692 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
694 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
700 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
703 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
704 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
705 </indexterm>
706 </listitem>
707 </varlistentry>
708
709 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
710 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
711 <listitem>
712 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
713 names</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
715 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
721 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
724 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
725 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
726 </indexterm>
727 </listitem>
728 </varlistentry>
729
730 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
731 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
732 <listitem>
733 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
734 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
735 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
736 </indexterm>
737 </listitem>
738 </varlistentry>
739
740 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
741 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
742 <listitem>
743 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
744 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
745 until the process is completed</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
747 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
753 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
756 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
757 randomly generated ID</para>
758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
759 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
765 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
769 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
775 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
778 changes</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
780 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
786 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
789 container</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
791 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
797 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
800 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
801 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
802 </indexterm>
803 </listitem>
804 </varlistentry>
805
806 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
807 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
808 <listitem>
809 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
810 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
812 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
818 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
821 resource records, and services</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
823 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
829 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
832 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
833 validating systemd units</para>
834 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
835 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
836 </indexterm>
837 </listitem>
838 </varlistentry>
839
840 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
841 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
842 <listitem>
843 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
844 a successful connection to the socket</para>
845 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
846 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
847 </indexterm>
848 </listitem>
849 </varlistentry>
850
851 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
852 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
853 <listitem>
854 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
856 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
862 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
865 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
866 specified in
867 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
869 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
875 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
878 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
879 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
880 </indexterm>
881 </listitem>
882 </varlistentry>
883
884 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
885 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
886 <listitem>
887 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
888 requests</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
890 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="telinit">
896 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
899 to</para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
901 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
907 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
910 </para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
912 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
918 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
921 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
922 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
923 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
925 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
931 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
934 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
935 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
936 </indexterm>
937 </listitem>
938 </varlistentry>
939
940 <varlistentry id="libudev">
941 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
942 <listitem>
943 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
944 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
945 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
946 </indexterm>
947 </listitem>
948 </varlistentry>
949
950 </variablelist>
951
952 </sect2>
953
954</sect1>
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