source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ ecf55d8

ml-11.0 multilib
Last change on this file since ecf55d8 was ecf55d8, checked in by Thomas Trepl (Moody) <thomas@…>, 3 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43<!--
44 <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10 and fix a segfault:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
47-->
48
49 <!-- For linux-5.11's API headers changing the rfkill_event structure
50 <para>First, apply a patch to fix some build issues:</para>
51
52<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
53-->
54
55<!-- Seems to be not needed anymore with 248
56 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
59-->
60
61 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
62 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
63 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
64 rules:</para>
65
66 <screen><userinput remap="pre"> sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
67 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
68
69 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
70
71<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
72cd build
73
74LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
75meson --prefix=/usr \
76 --sysconfdir=/etc \
77 --localstatedir=/var \
78 --buildtype=release \
79 -Dblkid=true \
80 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
81 -Dfirstboot=false \
82 -Dinstall-tests=false \
83 -Dldconfig=false \
84 -Dsysusers=false \
85 -Db_lto=false \
86 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
87 -Dhomed=false \
88 -Duserdb=false \
89 -Dman=false \
90 -Dmode=release \
91 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
92 ..</userinput></screen>
93
94 <variablelist>
95 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
101 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
102 binaries.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
110 </listitem>
111 </varlistentry>
112
113 <varlistentry>
114 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
115 <listitem>
116 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
117 services responsible for setting up the system for
118 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
119 everything is done manually.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
127 </listitem>
128 </varlistentry>
129
130 <varlistentry>
131 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
132 <listitem>
133 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
134 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
135 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
136 if the described feature is desired.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry>
141 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
144 services responsible for setting up the
145 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
146 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
147 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
155 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
156 </listitem>
157 </varlistentry>
158
159 <varlistentry>
160 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
163 the scope of LFS.</para>
164 </listitem>
165 </varlistentry>
166
167 <varlistentry>
168 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
169 <listitem>
170 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
171 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
172 from a tarball later.</para>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 <varlistentry>
177 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
180 </para>
181 </listitem>
182 </varlistentry>
183
184 </variablelist>
185
186 <para>Compile the package:</para>
187
188<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
189
190 <para>Install the package:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
199
200<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
201
202 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
203 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
204
205<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
206
207 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
210
211 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
212 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
213 systemd-networkd:</para>
214 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
215
216<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
217
218<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
219 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
220<!--
221 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
222 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
223
224<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
225-->
226
227 </sect2>
228
229 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
230 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
231 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
232
233 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
234 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
235
236 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
237
238<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
239
240 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
241
242<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
243<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
244
245<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
246 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
247 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
248
249<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
250 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
251done</userinput></screen>
252-->
253
254 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
255
256 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
257CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
258CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
259LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
260meson --prefix=/usr \
261 --sysconfdir=/etc \
262 --localstatedir=/var \
263 -Dblkid=true \
264 -Dbuildtype=release \
265 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
266 -Dfirstboot=false \
267 -Dinstall-tests=false \
268 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
269 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
270 -Dldconfig=false \
271 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
272 -Drootprefix= \
273 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
274 -Dsplit-usr=true \
275 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
276 -Dsysusers=false \
277 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
278 -Db_lto=false \
279 ..</userinput></screen>
280
281 <para>Compile the package:</para>
282
283<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
284
285 <para>Install the package:</para>
286
287<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
288cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
289rm -rf DESTDIR
290rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
291
292 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
293
294 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
295 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
296 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
297
298 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
299 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
300
301 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
302
303<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
304
305 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
306
307<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
310
311<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
312sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
313
314 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
315
316<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
317CC="gcc -mx32" \
318CXX="g++ -mx32" \
319CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
320CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
321LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
322meson --prefix=/usr \
323 --sysconfdir=/etc \
324 --localstatedir=/var \
325 -Dblkid=true \
326 -Dbuildtype=release \
327 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
328 -Dfirstboot=false \
329 -Dinstall-tests=false \
330 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
331 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
332 -Dldconfig=false \
333 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
334 -Drootprefix= \
335 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
336 -Dsplit-usr=true \
337 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
338 -Dsysusers=false \
339 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
340 -Db_lto=false \
341 ..</userinput></screen>
342
343 <para>Compile the package:</para>
344
345<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
346
347 <para>Install the package:</para>
348
349<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
350cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
351rm -rf DESTDIR
352rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
353
354 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
355
356 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
357 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
358
359 <segmentedlist>
360 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
361 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
362 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
363
364 <seglistitem>
365 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
366 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
367 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
368 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
369 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
370 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
371 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
372 systemd-cryptenroll, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
373 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
374 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
375 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
376 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
377 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
378 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
379 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
380 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
381 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
382 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
383 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
384 and libudev.so</seg>
385 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
386 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
387 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
388 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
389 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
390 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
391 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
392 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
393 </seglistitem>
394 </segmentedlist>
395
396 <variablelist>
397 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
398 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
399 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
400
401 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
402 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
403 <listitem>
404 <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
405 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
406 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
407 </indexterm>
408 </listitem>
409 </varlistentry>
410
411 <varlistentry id="busctl">
412 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
413 <listitem>
414 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
415 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
416 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
417 </indexterm>
418 </listitem>
419 </varlistentry>
420
421 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
422 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
423 <listitem>
424 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
425 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
426 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
427 </indexterm>
428 </listitem>
429 </varlistentry>
430
431 <varlistentry id="halt">
432 <term><command>halt</command></term>
433 <listitem>
434 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
435 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
436 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
437 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
438 brought down</para>
439 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
440 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
441 </indexterm>
442 </listitem>
443 </varlistentry>
444
445 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
446 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
447 <listitem>
448 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
449 settings</para>
450 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
451 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
452 </indexterm>
453 </listitem>
454 </varlistentry>
455
456 <varlistentry id="init">
457 <term><command>init</command></term>
458 <listitem>
459 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
460 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
461 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
462 systemd</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
464 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
470 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
473 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
474 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
475 </indexterm>
476 </listitem>
477 </varlistentry>
478
479 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
480 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
481 <listitem>
482 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
483 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
484 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
485 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
486 </indexterm>
487 </listitem>
488 </varlistentry>
489
490 <varlistentry id="localectl">
491 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
492 <listitem>
493 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
494 settings</para>
495 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
496 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
497 </indexterm>
498 </listitem>
499 </varlistentry>
500
501 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
502 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
503 <listitem>
504 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
505 Manager</para>
506 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
507 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
508 </indexterm>
509 </listitem>
510 </varlistentry>
511
512 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
513 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
514 <listitem>
515 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
516 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
518 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
524 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
527 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
528 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
529 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
535 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
538 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
539 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
540 </indexterm>
541 </listitem>
542 </varlistentry>
543
544 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
545 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
546 <listitem>
547 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
548 system</para>
549 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
550 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
551 </indexterm>
552 </listitem>
553 </varlistentry>
554
555 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
556 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
557 <listitem>
558 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
559 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
561 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="reboot">
567 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
570 <command>halt</command>)</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
572 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
578 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
581 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
582 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
583 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
584 </indexterm>
585 </listitem>
586 </varlistentry>
587
588 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
589 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
590 <listitem>
591 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
592 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
593 DNS records, and services</para>
594 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
595 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
596 </indexterm>
597 </listitem>
598 </varlistentry>
599
600 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
601 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
602 <listitem>
603 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
604 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
605 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
606 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
607 </indexterm>
608 </listitem>
609 </varlistentry>
610
611 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
612 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
613 <listitem>
614 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
615 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
616 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
617 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
618 </indexterm>
619 </listitem>
620 </varlistentry>
621
622 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
623 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
624 <listitem>
625 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
626 and service manager</para>
627 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
628 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
629 </indexterm>
630 </listitem>
631 </varlistentry>
632
633 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
634 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
635 <listitem>
636 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
637 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
638 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
639 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
640 </indexterm>
641 </listitem>
642 </varlistentry>
643
644 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
645 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
646 <listitem>
647 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
648 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
649 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
650 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
651 </indexterm>
652 </listitem>
653 </varlistentry>
654
655 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
656 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
657 <listitem>
658 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
659 with the systemd journal
660 </para>
661 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
662 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
663 </indexterm>
664 </listitem>
665 </varlistentry>
666
667 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
668 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
669 <listitem>
670 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
671 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
672 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
673 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
674 </indexterm>
675 </listitem>
676 </varlistentry>
677
678 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
679 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
680 <listitem>
681 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
682 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
684 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="systemd-cryptenroll">
690 <term><command>systemd-cryptenroll</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>Is used to enroll or remove a system from full disk encryption,
693 as well as set and query private keys and recovery keys</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cryptenroll">
695 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cryptenroll">systemd-cryptenroll</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
701 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
704 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
705 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
707 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
713 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
716 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
718 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
724 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
728 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
734 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
737 names</para>
738 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
739 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
740 </indexterm>
741 </listitem>
742 </varlistentry>
743
744 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
745 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
746 <listitem>
747 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
748 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
749 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
750 </indexterm>
751 </listitem>
752 </varlistentry>
753
754 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
755 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
756 <listitem>
757 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
758 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
759 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
760 </indexterm>
761 </listitem>
762 </varlistentry>
763
764 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
765 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
766 <listitem>
767 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
768 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
769 until the process is completed</para>
770 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
771 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
772 </indexterm>
773 </listitem>
774 </varlistentry>
775
776 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
777 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
778 <listitem>
779 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
780 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
781 randomly generated ID</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
783 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
789 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
793 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
799 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
802 changes</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
804 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
810 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
813 container</para>
814 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
815 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
816 </indexterm>
817 </listitem>
818 </varlistentry>
819
820 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
821 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
822 <listitem>
823 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
824 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
825 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
826 </indexterm>
827 </listitem>
828 </varlistentry>
829
830 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
831 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
832 <listitem>
833 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
834 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
835 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
836 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
837 </indexterm>
838 </listitem>
839 </varlistentry>
840
841 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
842 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
843 <listitem>
844 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
845 resource records, and services</para>
846 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
847 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
848 </indexterm>
849 </listitem>
850 </varlistentry>
851
852 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
853 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
854 <listitem>
855 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
856 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
857 validating systemd units</para>
858 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
859 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
860 </indexterm>
861 </listitem>
862 </varlistentry>
863
864 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
865 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
866 <listitem>
867 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
868 a successful connection to the socket</para>
869 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
870 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
871 </indexterm>
872 </listitem>
873 </varlistentry>
874
875 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
876 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
877 <listitem>
878 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
880 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
886 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
889 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
890 specified in
891 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
893 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
899 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
903 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
909 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
912 requests</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
914 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="telinit">
920 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
923 to</para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
925 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
931 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
934 </para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
936 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
942 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
943 <listitem>
944 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
945 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
946 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
947 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
948 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
949 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
950 </indexterm>
951 </listitem>
952 </varlistentry>
953
954 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
955 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
956 <listitem>
957 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
958 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
959 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
960 </indexterm>
961 </listitem>
962 </varlistentry>
963
964 <varlistentry id="libudev">
965 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
966 <listitem>
967 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
968 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
969 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
970 </indexterm>
971 </listitem>
972 </varlistentry>
973
974 </variablelist>
975
976 </sect2>
977
978</sect1>
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