source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 070e36c

multilib
Last change on this file since 070e36c was 070e36c, checked in by Thomas Trepl (Moody) <thomas@…>, 2 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix a security vulnerability and regressions
44 with hostnames and idle units:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Now, apply a patch to fix a problem with the linux kernel's headers in
49 version 5.17 and later:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-kernel_5.17_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
54 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
55 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
56 rules:</para>
57
58 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
59 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
60
61 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
64cd build
65
66meson --prefix=/usr \
67 --sysconfdir=/etc \
68 --localstatedir=/var \
69 --buildtype=release \
70 -Dblkid=true \
71 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
72 -Dfirstboot=false \
73 -Dinstall-tests=false \
74 -Dldconfig=false \
75 -Dsysusers=false \
76 -Db_lto=false \
77 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
78 -Dhomed=false \
79 -Duserdb=false \
80 -Dman=false \
81 -Dmode=release \
82 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
83 ..</userinput></screen>
84
85 <variablelist>
86 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
87
88 <varlistentry>
89 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
90 <listitem>
91 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
92 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
93 binaries.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
101 </listitem>
102 </varlistentry>
103
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
108 services responsible for setting up the system for
109 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
110 everything is done manually.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 <varlistentry>
122 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
123 <listitem>
124 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
125 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
126 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
127 if the described feature is desired.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
135 services responsible for setting up the
136 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
137 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
138 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
139 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
140 </listitem>
141 </varlistentry>
142
143 <varlistentry>
144 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
145 <listitem>
146 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
147 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
155 the scope of LFS.</para>
156 </listitem>
157 </varlistentry>
158
159 <varlistentry>
160 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
163 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
164 from a tarball later.</para>
165 </listitem>
166 </varlistentry>
167
168 <varlistentry>
169 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
170 <listitem>
171 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
172 </para>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 </variablelist>
177
178 <para>Compile the package:</para>
179
180<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
181
182 <para>Install the package:</para>
183
184<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
187
188<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
189
190 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
195 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
202
203<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
204 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
205<!--
206 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
207 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
210-->
211
212 </sect2>
213
214 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
215 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
216 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
217
218 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
219 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
220
221 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
226
227<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
228<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
229
230<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
231 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
232 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
233
234<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
235 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
236done</userinput></screen>
237-->
238
239 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
240
241 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
242CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
243CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
244LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
245meson --prefix=/usr \
246 --sysconfdir=/etc \
247 --localstatedir=/var \
248 -Dblkid=true \
249 -Dbuildtype=release \
250 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
251 -Dfirstboot=false \
252 -Dinstall-tests=false \
253 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
254 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
255 -Dldconfig=false \
256 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
257 -Drootprefix= \
258 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
259 -Dsplit-usr=true \
260 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
261 -Dsysusers=false \
262 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
263 -Db_lto=false \
264 ..</userinput></screen>
265
266 <para>Compile the package:</para>
267
268<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
269
270 <para>Install the package:</para>
271
272<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
273cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
274rm -rf DESTDIR
275rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
276
277 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
278
279 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
280 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
281 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
282
283 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
284 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
285
286 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
287
288<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
289
290 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
291
292<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
293
294 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
297sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
298
299 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
300
301<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
302CC="gcc -mx32" \
303CXX="g++ -mx32" \
304CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
305CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
306LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
307meson --prefix=/usr \
308 --sysconfdir=/etc \
309 --localstatedir=/var \
310 -Dblkid=true \
311 -Dbuildtype=release \
312 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
313 -Dfirstboot=false \
314 -Dinstall-tests=false \
315 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
316 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
317 -Dldconfig=false \
318 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
319 -Drootprefix= \
320 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
321 -Dsplit-usr=true \
322 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
323 -Dsysusers=false \
324 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
325 -Db_lto=false \
326 ..</userinput></screen>
327
328 <para>Compile the package:</para>
329
330<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
331
332 <para>Install the package:</para>
333
334<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
335cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
336rm -rf DESTDIR
337rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
338
339 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
340
341 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
342 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
343
344 <segmentedlist>
345 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
346 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
347 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
348
349 <seglistitem>
350 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
351 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
352 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
353 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
354 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
355 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
356 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
357 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
358 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
359 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
360 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
361 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
362 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
363 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
364 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
365 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
366 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
367 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
368 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
369 and libudev.so</seg>
370 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
371 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
372 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
373 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
374 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
375 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
376 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
377 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
378 </seglistitem>
379 </segmentedlist>
380
381 <variablelist>
382 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
383 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
384 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
385
386 <varlistentry id="busctl">
387 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
388 <listitem>
389 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
390 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
391 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
392 </indexterm>
393 </listitem>
394 </varlistentry>
395
396 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
397 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
398 <listitem>
399 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
400 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
401 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
402 </indexterm>
403 </listitem>
404 </varlistentry>
405
406 <varlistentry id="halt">
407 <term><command>halt</command></term>
408 <listitem>
409 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
410 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
411 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
412 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
413 brought down</para>
414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
415 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
421 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
424 settings</para>
425 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
426 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
427 </indexterm>
428 </listitem>
429 </varlistentry>
430
431 <varlistentry id="init">
432 <term><command>init</command></term>
433 <listitem>
434 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
435 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
436 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
437 systemd</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
439 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
445 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
449 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
455 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
458 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
460 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="localectl">
466 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
469 settings</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
471 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
477 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
480 Manager</para>
481 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
482 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
483 </indexterm>
484 </listitem>
485 </varlistentry>
486
487 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
488 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
489 <listitem>
490 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
491 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
493 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
499 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
502 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
504 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
510 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
513 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
514 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
520 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
523 system</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
525 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
531 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
534 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
536 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="reboot">
542 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
545 <command>halt</command>)</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
547 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
553 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
556 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
557 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
558 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
559 </indexterm>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
564 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
565 <listitem>
566 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
567 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
568 DNS records, and services</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
570 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
576 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
579 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
581 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
586 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
587 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
588 <listitem>
589 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
590 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
591 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
592 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
593 </indexterm>
594 </listitem>
595 </varlistentry>
596
597 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
598 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
599 <listitem>
600 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
601 and service manager</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
603 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
609 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
612 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
614 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
620 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
623 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
624 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
625 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
626 </indexterm>
627 </listitem>
628 </varlistentry>
629
630 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
631 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
632 <listitem>
633 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
634 with the systemd journal
635 </para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
637 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
643 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
646 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
648 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
654 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
657 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
659 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
665 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
669 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
675 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
678 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
679 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
681 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
687 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
690 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
692 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
698 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
702 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
708 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
711 names</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
713 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
719 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
723 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
729 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
733 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
739 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
742 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
743 until the process is completed</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
745 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
751 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
754 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
755 randomly generated ID</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
757 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
763 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
767 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
773 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
776 changes</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
778 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
784 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
787 container</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
789 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
795 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
799 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
805 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
808 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
810 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
816 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
819 resource records, and services</para>
820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
821 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
826 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
827 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
830 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
831 validating systemd units</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
833 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
839 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
842 a successful connection to the socket</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
844 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
850 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
854 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
860 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
863 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
864 specified in
865 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
867 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
873 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
877 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
883 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
886 requests</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
888 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="telinit">
894 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
897 to</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
899 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
905 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
908 </para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
910 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
916 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
919 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
920 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
921 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
923 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
929 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
930 <listitem>
931 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
932 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
933 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
934 </indexterm>
935 </listitem>
936 </varlistentry>
937
938 <varlistentry id="libudev">
939 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
940 <listitem>
941 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
942 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
943 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
944 </indexterm>
945 </listitem>
946 </varlistentry>
947
948 </variablelist>
949
950 </sect2>
951
952</sect1>
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