source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 219e404

multilib
Last change on this file since 219e404 was 219e404, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 16 months ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43
44 <para>First, fix a security issue in systemd-coredump:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-upstream-patch;</userinput></screen>
47
48
49 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
50 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
51 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
52 rules:</para>
53
54 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
55 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
56
57 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
60cd build
61
62meson --prefix=/usr \
63 --buildtype=release \
64 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
65 -Dfirstboot=false \
66 -Dinstall-tests=false \
67 -Dldconfig=false \
68 -Dsysusers=false \
69 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
70 -Dhomed=false \
71 -Duserdb=false \
72 -Dman=false \
73 -Dmode=release \
74 -Dpamconfdir=no \
75 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
76 ..</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
85 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
86 binaries.</para>
87 </listitem>
88 </varlistentry>
89
90 <varlistentry>
91 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
92 <listitem>
93 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
101 services responsible for setting up the system for
102 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
103 everything is done manually.</para>
104 </listitem>
105 </varlistentry>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
118 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
119 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
120 if the described feature is desired.</para>
121 </listitem>
122 </varlistentry>
123
124 <varlistentry>
125 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
126 <listitem>
127 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
128 services responsible for setting up the
129 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
130 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
131 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
132 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
133 </listitem>
134 </varlistentry>
135
136 <varlistentry>
137 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
138 <listitem>
139 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
140 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
141 </listitem>
142 </varlistentry>
143
144 <varlistentry>
145 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
146 <listitem>
147 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
148 the scope of LFS.</para>
149 </listitem>
150 </varlistentry>
151
152 <varlistentry>
153 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
154 <listitem>
155 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
156 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
157 from a tarball later.</para>
158 </listitem>
159 </varlistentry>
160
161 <varlistentry>
162 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
165 </para>
166 </listitem>
167 </varlistentry>
168
169 <varlistentry>
170 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
173 functional on LFS.</para>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176 </variablelist>
177
178 <para>Compile the package:</para>
179
180<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
181
182 <para>Install the package:</para>
183
184<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
187
188 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
189 component in the path. -->
190<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
191
192 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
193 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
196
197 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Disable two services for upgrading binary distros. They are useless for
202 a basic Linux system built from source, and both will report an error if
203 it's enabled but not configured:</para>
204
205<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-sysupdate{,-reboot}</userinput></screen>
206
207<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
208 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
209<!--
210 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
211 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
212
213<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
214-->
215
216 </sect2>
217
218 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
219 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
220 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
221
222 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
223 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
224
225 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
226
227<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
228
229 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
230
231<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
232<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
233
234<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
235 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
236 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
237
238<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
239 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
240done</userinput></screen>
241-->
242
243 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
244
245 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
246CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
247CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
248LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
249meson --prefix=/usr \
250 --sysconfdir=/etc \
251 --localstatedir=/var \
252 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
253 -Dblkid=true \
254 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
255 -Dfirstboot=false \
256 -Dinstall-tests=false \
257 -Dldconfig=false \
258 -Dsysusers=false \
259 -Db_lto=false \
260 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
261 -Dhomed=false \
262 -Duserdb=false \
263 -Dman=false \
264 -Dmode=release \
265 ..</userinput></screen>
266
267 <para>Compile the package:</para>
268
269<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
270
271 <para>Install the package:</para>
272
273<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
274cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
275rm -rf DESTDIR
276rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
277
278 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
279
280 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
281 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
282 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
283
284 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
285 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
286
287 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
288
289<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
292
293<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
294<!--
295 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
296
297<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
298sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
299-->
300 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
303CC="gcc -mx32" \
304CXX="g++ -mx32" \
305CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
306CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
307LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
308meson --prefix=/usr \
309 --sysconfdir=/etc \
310 --localstatedir=/var \
311 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
312 -Dblkid=true \
313 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
314 -Dfirstboot=false \
315 -Dinstall-tests=false \
316 -Dldconfig=false \
317 -Dsysusers=false \
318 -Db_lto=false \
319 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
320 -Dhomed=false \
321 -Duserdb=false \
322 -Dman=false \
323 -Dmode=release \
324 ..</userinput></screen>
325
326 <para>Compile the package:</para>
327
328<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
329
330 <para>Install the package:</para>
331
332<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
333cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
334rm -rf DESTDIR
335rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
336
337 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
338
339 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
340 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
341
342 <segmentedlist>
343 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
344 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
345 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
346
347 <seglistitem>
348 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
349 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
350 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
351 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
352 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
353 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
354 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
355 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
356 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
357 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
358 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
359 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
360 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
361 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
362 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
363 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
364 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
365 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
366 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
367 and libudev.so</seg>
368 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
369 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
370 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
371 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
372 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
373 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
374 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
375 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
376 </seglistitem>
377 </segmentedlist>
378
379 <variablelist>
380 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
381 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
382 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
383
384 <varlistentry id="busctl">
385 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
386 <listitem>
387 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
388 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
389 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
390 </indexterm>
391 </listitem>
392 </varlistentry>
393
394 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
395 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
398 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
399 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
400 </indexterm>
401 </listitem>
402 </varlistentry>
403
404 <varlistentry id="halt">
405 <term><command>halt</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
408 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
409 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
410 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
411 brought down</para>
412 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
413 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
414 </indexterm>
415 </listitem>
416 </varlistentry>
417
418 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
419 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
420 <listitem>
421 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
422 settings</para>
423 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
424 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
425 </indexterm>
426 </listitem>
427 </varlistentry>
428
429 <varlistentry id="init">
430 <term><command>init</command></term>
431 <listitem>
432 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
433 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
434 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
435 systemd</para>
436 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
437 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
438 </indexterm>
439 </listitem>
440 </varlistentry>
441
442 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
443 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
444 <listitem>
445 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
446 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
447 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
448 </indexterm>
449 </listitem>
450 </varlistentry>
451
452 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
453 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
454 <listitem>
455 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
456 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
458 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="localectl">
464 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
467 settings</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
469 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
475 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
478 Manager</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
480 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
486 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
489 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
491 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
497 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
500 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
502 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
508 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
512 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
518 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
521 system</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
523 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
529 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
532 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
533 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
534 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
535 </indexterm>
536 </listitem>
537 </varlistentry>
538
539 <varlistentry id="reboot">
540 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
541 <listitem>
542 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
543 <command>halt</command>)</para>
544 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
545 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
546 </indexterm>
547 </listitem>
548 </varlistentry>
549
550 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
551 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
552 <listitem>
553 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
554 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
555 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
556 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
562 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
563 <listitem>
564 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
565 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
566 DNS records, and services</para>
567 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
568 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
569 </indexterm>
570 </listitem>
571 </varlistentry>
572
573 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
574 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
575 <listitem>
576 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
577 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
579 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
585 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
588 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
590 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
596 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
599 and service manager</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
601 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
607 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
610 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
612 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
617 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
618 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
621 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
623 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
629 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
632 with the systemd journal
633 </para>
634 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
635 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
636 </indexterm>
637 </listitem>
638 </varlistentry>
639
640 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
641 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
642 <listitem>
643 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
644 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
646 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
652 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
655 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
657 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
663 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
666 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
667 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
668 </indexterm>
669 </listitem>
670 </varlistentry>
671
672 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
673 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
674 <listitem>
675 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
676 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
677 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
679 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
685 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
688 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
689 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
690 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
691 </indexterm>
692 </listitem>
693 </varlistentry>
694
695 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
696 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
697 <listitem>
698 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
699 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
700 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
701 </indexterm>
702 </listitem>
703 </varlistentry>
704
705 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
706 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
707 <listitem>
708 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
709 names</para>
710 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
711 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
712 </indexterm>
713 </listitem>
714 </varlistentry>
715
716 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
717 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
718 <listitem>
719 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
720 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
721 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
722 </indexterm>
723 </listitem>
724 </varlistentry>
725
726 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
727 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
728 <listitem>
729 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
731 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
737 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
740 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
741 until the process is completed</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
743 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
749 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
752 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
753 randomly generated ID</para>
754 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
755 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
756 </indexterm>
757 </listitem>
758 </varlistentry>
759
760 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
761 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
762 <listitem>
763 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
765 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
771 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
774 changes</para>
775 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
776 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
777 </indexterm>
778 </listitem>
779 </varlistentry>
780
781 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
782 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
783 <listitem>
784 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
785 container</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
787 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
793 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
796 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
797 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
798 </indexterm>
799 </listitem>
800 </varlistentry>
801
802 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
803 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
804 <listitem>
805 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
806 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
807 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
808 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
809 </indexterm>
810 </listitem>
811 </varlistentry>
812
813 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
814 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
815 <listitem>
816 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
817 resource records, and services</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
819 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
825 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
828 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
829 validating systemd units</para>
830 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
831 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
832 </indexterm>
833 </listitem>
834 </varlistentry>
835
836 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
837 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
838 <listitem>
839 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
840 a successful connection to the socket</para>
841 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
842 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
843 </indexterm>
844 </listitem>
845 </varlistentry>
846
847 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
848 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
849 <listitem>
850 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
851 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
852 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
853 </indexterm>
854 </listitem>
855 </varlistentry>
856
857 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
858 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
859 <listitem>
860 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
861 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
862 specified in
863 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
865 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
871 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
875 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
881 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
884 requests</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
886 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="telinit">
892 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
895 to</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
897 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
903 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
906 </para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
908 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
914 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
917 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
918 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
919 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
920 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
921 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
922 </indexterm>
923 </listitem>
924 </varlistentry>
925
926 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
927 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
928 <listitem>
929 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
930 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
931 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
932 </indexterm>
933 </listitem>
934 </varlistentry>
935
936 <varlistentry id="libudev">
937 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
938 <listitem>
939 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
940 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
941 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
942 </indexterm>
943 </listitem>
944 </varlistentry>
945
946 </variablelist>
947
948 </sect2>
949
950</sect1>
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