source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 2590473

multilib
Last change on this file since 2590473 was 2590473, checked in by Thomas Trepl (Moody) <thomas@…>, 2 years ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix a security vulnerability and regressions
44 with hostnames and idle units:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
49 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
50 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
51 rules:</para>
52
53 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
54 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
55
56 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
59cd build
60
61meson --prefix=/usr \
62 --sysconfdir=/etc \
63 --localstatedir=/var \
64 --buildtype=release \
65 -Dblkid=true \
66 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
67 -Dfirstboot=false \
68 -Dinstall-tests=false \
69 -Dldconfig=false \
70 -Dsysusers=false \
71 -Db_lto=false \
72 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
73 -Dhomed=false \
74 -Duserdb=false \
75 -Dman=false \
76 -Dmode=release \
77 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
78 ..</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
87 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
88 binaries.</para>
89 </listitem>
90 </varlistentry>
91
92 <varlistentry>
93 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
94 <listitem>
95 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
96 </listitem>
97 </varlistentry>
98
99 <varlistentry>
100 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
101 <listitem>
102 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
103 services responsible for setting up the system for
104 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
105 everything is done manually.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
113 </listitem>
114 </varlistentry>
115
116 <varlistentry>
117 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
118 <listitem>
119 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
120 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
121 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
122 if the described feature is desired.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 <varlistentry>
127 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
128 <listitem>
129 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
130 services responsible for setting up the
131 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
132 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
133 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
134 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
135 </listitem>
136 </varlistentry>
137
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
140 <listitem>
141 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
142 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 </varlistentry>
145
146 <varlistentry>
147 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
148 <listitem>
149 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
150 the scope of LFS.</para>
151 </listitem>
152 </varlistentry>
153
154 <varlistentry>
155 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
156 <listitem>
157 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
158 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
159 from a tarball later.</para>
160 </listitem>
161 </varlistentry>
162
163 <varlistentry>
164 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
165 <listitem>
166 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
167 </para>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 </variablelist>
172
173 <para>Compile the package:</para>
174
175<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
176
177 <para>Install the package:</para>
178
179<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
180
181 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
182
183<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
184
185 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
186
187<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
188
189 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
190 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
197
198 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
199 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
200 systemd-networkd:</para>
201 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
202
203<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
204
205<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
206 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
207<!--
208 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
209 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
212-->
213
214 </sect2>
215
216 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
217 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
218 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
219
220 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
221 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
222
223 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
224
225<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
228
229<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
230<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
231
232<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
233 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
234 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
235
236<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
237 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
238done</userinput></screen>
239-->
240
241 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
242
243 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
244CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
245CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
246LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
247meson --prefix=/usr \
248 --sysconfdir=/etc \
249 --localstatedir=/var \
250 -Dblkid=true \
251 -Dbuildtype=release \
252 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
253 -Dfirstboot=false \
254 -Dinstall-tests=false \
255 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
256 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
257 -Dldconfig=false \
258 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
259 -Drootprefix= \
260 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
261 -Dsplit-usr=true \
262 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
263 -Dsysusers=false \
264 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
265 -Db_lto=false \
266 ..</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Compile the package:</para>
269
270<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
271
272 <para>Install the package:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
275cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
276rm -rf DESTDIR
277rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
278
279 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
280
281 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
282 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
283 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
284
285 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
286 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
287
288 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
289
290<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
291
292 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
293
294<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
295
296 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
299sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
302
303<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
304CC="gcc -mx32" \
305CXX="g++ -mx32" \
306CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
307CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
308LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
309meson --prefix=/usr \
310 --sysconfdir=/etc \
311 --localstatedir=/var \
312 -Dblkid=true \
313 -Dbuildtype=release \
314 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
315 -Dfirstboot=false \
316 -Dinstall-tests=false \
317 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
318 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
319 -Dldconfig=false \
320 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
321 -Drootprefix= \
322 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
323 -Dsplit-usr=true \
324 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
325 -Dsysusers=false \
326 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
327 -Db_lto=false \
328 ..</userinput></screen>
329
330 <para>Compile the package:</para>
331
332<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
333
334 <para>Install the package:</para>
335
336<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
337cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
338rm -rf DESTDIR
339rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
340
341 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
342
343 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
344 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
345
346 <segmentedlist>
347 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
348 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
349 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
350
351 <seglistitem>
352 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
353 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
354 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
355 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
356 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
357 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
358 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
359 systemd-cryptenroll, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
360 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
361 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
362 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
363 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
364 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
365 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
366 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
367 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
368 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
369 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
370 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
371 and libudev.so</seg>
372 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
373 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
374 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
375 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
376 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
377 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
378 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
379 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
380 </seglistitem>
381 </segmentedlist>
382
383 <variablelist>
384 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
385 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
386 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
387
388 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
389 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
390 <listitem>
391 <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
392 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
393 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
394 </indexterm>
395 </listitem>
396 </varlistentry>
397
398 <varlistentry id="busctl">
399 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
400 <listitem>
401 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
402 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
403 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
404 </indexterm>
405 </listitem>
406 </varlistentry>
407
408 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
409 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
410 <listitem>
411 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
412 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
413 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
414 </indexterm>
415 </listitem>
416 </varlistentry>
417
418 <varlistentry id="halt">
419 <term><command>halt</command></term>
420 <listitem>
421 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
422 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
423 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
424 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
425 brought down</para>
426 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
427 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
428 </indexterm>
429 </listitem>
430 </varlistentry>
431
432 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
433 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
434 <listitem>
435 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
436 settings</para>
437 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
438 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
439 </indexterm>
440 </listitem>
441 </varlistentry>
442
443 <varlistentry id="init">
444 <term><command>init</command></term>
445 <listitem>
446 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
447 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
448 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
449 systemd</para>
450 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
451 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
452 </indexterm>
453 </listitem>
454 </varlistentry>
455
456 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
457 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
458 <listitem>
459 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
460 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
461 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
462 </indexterm>
463 </listitem>
464 </varlistentry>
465
466 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
467 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
468 <listitem>
469 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
470 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
471 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
472 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
473 </indexterm>
474 </listitem>
475 </varlistentry>
476
477 <varlistentry id="localectl">
478 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
479 <listitem>
480 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
481 settings</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
483 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
489 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
492 Manager</para>
493 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
494 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
495 </indexterm>
496 </listitem>
497 </varlistentry>
498
499 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
500 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
501 <listitem>
502 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
503 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
504 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
505 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
506 </indexterm>
507 </listitem>
508 </varlistentry>
509
510 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
511 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
512 <listitem>
513 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
514 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
515 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
516 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
517 </indexterm>
518 </listitem>
519 </varlistentry>
520
521 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
522 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
523 <listitem>
524 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
526 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
532 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
535 system</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
537 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
543 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
546 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
548 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="reboot">
554 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
557 <command>halt</command>)</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
559 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
565 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
568 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
570 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
576 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
579 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
580 DNS records, and services</para>
581 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
582 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
583 </indexterm>
584 </listitem>
585 </varlistentry>
586
587 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
588 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
589 <listitem>
590 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
591 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
593 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
599 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
602 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
604 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
610 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
613 and service manager</para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
615 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
621 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
624 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
626 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
632 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
635 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
637 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
643 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
646 with the systemd journal
647 </para>
648 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
649 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
650 </indexterm>
651 </listitem>
652 </varlistentry>
653
654 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
655 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
656 <listitem>
657 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
658 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
659 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
660 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
661 </indexterm>
662 </listitem>
663 </varlistentry>
664
665 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
666 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
667 <listitem>
668 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
669 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
671 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="systemd-cryptenroll">
677 <term><command>systemd-cryptenroll</command></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Is used to enroll or remove a system from full disk encryption,
680 as well as set and query private keys and recovery keys</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cryptenroll">
682 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cryptenroll">systemd-cryptenroll</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
688 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
691 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
692 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
693 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
694 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
695 </indexterm>
696 </listitem>
697 </varlistentry>
698
699 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
700 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
701 <listitem>
702 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
703 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
705 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
711 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
714 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
715 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
716 </indexterm>
717 </listitem>
718 </varlistentry>
719
720 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
721 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
722 <listitem>
723 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
724 names</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
726 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
732 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
736 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
742 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
746 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
752 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
755 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
756 until the process is completed</para>
757 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
758 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
759 </indexterm>
760 </listitem>
761 </varlistentry>
762
763 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
764 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
765 <listitem>
766 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
767 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
768 randomly generated ID</para>
769 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
770 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
771 </indexterm>
772 </listitem>
773 </varlistentry>
774
775 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
776 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
777 <listitem>
778 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
779 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
780 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
781 </indexterm>
782 </listitem>
783 </varlistentry>
784
785 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
786 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
787 <listitem>
788 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
789 changes</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
791 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
797 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
800 container</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
802 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
808 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
812 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
818 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
821 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
823 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
829 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
832 resource records, and services</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
834 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
840 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
843 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
844 validating systemd units</para>
845 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
846 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
847 </indexterm>
848 </listitem>
849 </varlistentry>
850
851 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
852 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
853 <listitem>
854 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
855 a successful connection to the socket</para>
856 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
857 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
858 </indexterm>
859 </listitem>
860 </varlistentry>
861
862 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
863 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
864 <listitem>
865 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
867 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
873 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
876 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
877 specified in
878 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
879 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
880 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
881 </indexterm>
882 </listitem>
883 </varlistentry>
884
885 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
886 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
887 <listitem>
888 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
889 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
890 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
891 </indexterm>
892 </listitem>
893 </varlistentry>
894
895 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
896 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
897 <listitem>
898 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
899 requests</para>
900 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
901 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
902 </indexterm>
903 </listitem>
904 </varlistentry>
905
906 <varlistentry id="telinit">
907 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
908 <listitem>
909 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
910 to</para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
912 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
918 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
921 </para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
923 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
929 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
930 <listitem>
931 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
932 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
933 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
934 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
935 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
936 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
937 </indexterm>
938 </listitem>
939 </varlistentry>
940
941 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
942 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
943 <listitem>
944 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
945 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
946 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
947 </indexterm>
948 </listitem>
949 </varlistentry>
950
951 <varlistentry id="libudev">
952 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
953 <listitem>
954 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
955 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
956 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
957 </indexterm>
958 </listitem>
959 </varlistentry>
960
961 </variablelist>
962
963 </sect2>
964
965</sect1>
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