source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 2db19cb

ml-11.0 multilib
Last change on this file since 2db19cb was ceebda5, checked in by Xℹ Ruoyao <xry111@…>, 3 years ago

Merge changes from trunk to multilib

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/multilib@12176 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43<!--
44 <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10 and fix a segfault:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
47-->
48
49 <!-- For linux-5.11's API headers changing the rfkill_event structure -->
50 <para>First, apply a patch to fix some regressions and fix functionality
51 with future versions of the kernel:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
54
55 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '181,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Remove an unneeded group,
60 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
61 rules:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
68cd build
69
70LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
71meson --prefix=/usr \
72 --sysconfdir=/etc \
73 --localstatedir=/var \
74 -Dblkid=true \
75 -Dbuildtype=release \
76 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
77 -Dfirstboot=false \
78 -Dinstall-tests=false \
79 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
80 -Dldconfig=false \
81 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
82 -Drootprefix= \
83 -Drootlibdir=/lib \
84 -Dsplit-usr=true \
85 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
86 -Dsysusers=false \
87 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
88 -Db_lto=false \
89 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
90 -Dhomed=false \
91 -Duserdb=false \
92 -Dman=false \
93 -Dmode=release \
94 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
95 ..</userinput></screen>
96
97 <variablelist>
98 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
99
100 <varlistentry>
101 <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
102 <listitem>
103 <para>These switches provide the location of binaries needed by
104 systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed.</para>
105 </listitem>
106 </varlistentry>
107
108 <varlistentry>
109 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
110 <listitem>
111 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 <varlistentry>
116 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
117 <listitem>
118 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
119 services responsible for setting up the system for
120 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
121 everything is done manually.</para>
122 </listitem>
123 </varlistentry>
124
125 <varlistentry>
126 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
127 <listitem>
128 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
136 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
137 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
138 if the described feature is desired.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 <varlistentry>
143 <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
144 <listitem>
145 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
146 shared libraries are installed in subdirectories
147 of the root partition.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
155 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
156 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
157 </listitem>
158 </varlistentry>
159
160 <varlistentry>
161 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
162 <listitem>
163 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
164 services responsible for setting up the
165 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
166 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
167 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 <varlistentry>
172 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
173 <listitem>
174 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
175 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
176 </listitem>
177 </varlistentry>
178
179 <varlistentry>
180 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
181 <listitem>
182 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
183 the scope of LFS.</para>
184 </listitem>
185 </varlistentry>
186
187 <varlistentry>
188 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
189 <listitem>
190 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
191 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
192 from a tarball later.</para>
193 </listitem>
194 </varlistentry>
195
196 <varlistentry>
197 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
198 <listitem>
199 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
200 </para>
201 </listitem>
202 </varlistentry>
203
204 </variablelist>
205
206 <para>Compile the package:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Install the package:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
213
214 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
215
216<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
217
218 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
219
220<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
221
222 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
223 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
224
225<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
226
227 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
230
231 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
232 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
233 systemd-networkd:</para>
234 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
235
236<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
237
238<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
239 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
240<!--
241 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
242 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
243
244<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
245-->
246
247 </sect2>
248
249 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
250 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
251 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
252
253 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
254 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
255
256 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
257
258<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
259
260 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
261
262<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
263<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
264
265<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
266 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
267 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
268
269<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
270 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
271done</userinput></screen>
272-->
273
274 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
275
276 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-m32;/pkgconfig" \
277CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
278CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
279LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
280meson --prefix=/usr \
281 --sysconfdir=/etc \
282 --localstatedir=/var \
283 -Dblkid=true \
284 -Dbuildtype=release \
285 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
286 -Dfirstboot=false \
287 -Dinstall-tests=false \
288 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
289 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
290 -Dldconfig=false \
291 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
292 -Drootprefix= \
293 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-m32; \
294 -Dsplit-usr=true \
295 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
296 -Dsysusers=false \
297 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
298 -Db_lto=false \
299 ..</userinput></screen>
300
301 <para>Compile the package:</para>
302
303<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
304
305 <para>Install the package:</para>
306
307<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
308cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
309rm -rf DESTDIR
310rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
311
312 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
313
314 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
315 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
316 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
317
318 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
319 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
320
321 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
322
323<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
324
325 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
326
327<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
328
329 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
330
331<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
332sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
333
334 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
335
336<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-mx32;/pkgconfig" \
337CC="gcc -mx32" \
338CXX="g++ -mx32" \
339CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
340CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
341LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
342meson --prefix=/usr \
343 --sysconfdir=/etc \
344 --localstatedir=/var \
345 -Dblkid=true \
346 -Dbuildtype=release \
347 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
348 -Dfirstboot=false \
349 -Dinstall-tests=false \
350 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
351 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
352 -Dldconfig=false \
353 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
354 -Drootprefix= \
355 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-mx32; \
356 -Dsplit-usr=true \
357 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
358 -Dsysusers=false \
359 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
360 -Db_lto=false \
361 ..</userinput></screen>
362
363 <para>Compile the package:</para>
364
365<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
366
367 <para>Install the package:</para>
368
369<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
370cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
371rm -rf DESTDIR
372rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
373
374 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
375
376 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
377 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
378
379 <segmentedlist>
380 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
381 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
382 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
383
384 <seglistitem>
385 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
386 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
387 machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
388 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
389 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
390 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
391 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
392 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-dissect, systemd-escape,
393 systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
394 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
395 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
396 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
397 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
398 systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
399 udevadm</seg>
400 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
401 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
402 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
403 and libudev.so</seg>
404 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
405 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
406 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
407 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
408 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
409 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
410 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
411 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
412 </seglistitem>
413 </segmentedlist>
414
415 <variablelist>
416 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
417 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
418 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
419
420 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
421 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
424 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
425 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
426 </indexterm>
427 </listitem>
428 </varlistentry>
429
430 <varlistentry id="busctl">
431 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
434 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
435 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
441 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
445 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="halt">
451 <term><command>halt</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
454 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
455 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
456 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
457 brought down</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
459 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
465 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
468 settings</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
470 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="init">
476 <term><command>init</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
479 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
480 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
481 systemd</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
483 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
489 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
493 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
499 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
502 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
504 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="localectl">
510 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
513 settings</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
515 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
521 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
524 Manager</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
526 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
532 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
535 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
537 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
543 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
546 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
548 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
554 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
557 system</para>
558 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
559 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
560 </indexterm>
561 </listitem>
562 </varlistentry>
563
564 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
565 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
566 <listitem>
567 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
568 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
570 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="reboot">
576 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
579 <command>halt</command>)</para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
581 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
586 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
587 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
588 <listitem>
589 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
590 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
591 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
592 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
593 </indexterm>
594 </listitem>
595 </varlistentry>
596
597 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
598 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
599 <listitem>
600 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
601 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
602 DNS records, and services</para>
603 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
604 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
605 </indexterm>
606 </listitem>
607 </varlistentry>
608
609 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
610 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
611 <listitem>
612 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
613 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
614 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
615 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
616 </indexterm>
617 </listitem>
618 </varlistentry>
619
620 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
621 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
622 <listitem>
623 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
624 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
625 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
626 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
627 </indexterm>
628 </listitem>
629 </varlistentry>
630
631 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
632 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
633 <listitem>
634 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
635 and service manager</para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
637 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
643 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
646 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
648 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
654 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
657 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
659 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
665 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
668 with the systemd journal
669 </para>
670 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
671 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
672 </indexterm>
673 </listitem>
674 </varlistentry>
675
676 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
677 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
678 <listitem>
679 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
680 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
681 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
682 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
683 </indexterm>
684 </listitem>
685 </varlistentry>
686
687 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
688 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
689 <listitem>
690 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
691 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
692 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
693 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
694 </indexterm>
695 </listitem>
696 </varlistentry>
697
698 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
699 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
700 <listitem>
701 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
702 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
703 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
704 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
705 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
706 </indexterm>
707 </listitem>
708 </varlistentry>
709
710 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
711 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
712 <listitem>
713 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
714 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
715 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
716 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
717 </indexterm>
718 </listitem>
719 </varlistentry>
720
721 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
722 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
723 <listitem>
724 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
725 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
726 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
727 </indexterm>
728 </listitem>
729 </varlistentry>
730
731 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
732 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
733 <listitem>
734 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
735 names</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
737 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
743 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
747 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
753 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
757 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
763 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
766 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
767 until the process is completed</para>
768 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
769 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
770 </indexterm>
771 </listitem>
772 </varlistentry>
773
774 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
775 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
776 <listitem>
777 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
778 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
779 randomly generated ID</para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
781 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
787 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
791 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
797 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
800 changes</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
802 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
808 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
811 container</para>
812 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
813 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
814 </indexterm>
815 </listitem>
816 </varlistentry>
817
818 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
819 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
820 <listitem>
821 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
822 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
823 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
824 </indexterm>
825 </listitem>
826 </varlistentry>
827
828 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
829 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
830 <listitem>
831 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
832 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
833 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
834 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
835 </indexterm>
836 </listitem>
837 </varlistentry>
838
839 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
840 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
841 <listitem>
842 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
843 resource records, and services</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
845 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
851 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
854 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
855 validating systemd units</para>
856 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
857 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
858 </indexterm>
859 </listitem>
860 </varlistentry>
861
862 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
863 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
864 <listitem>
865 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
866 a successful connection to the socket</para>
867 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
868 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
869 </indexterm>
870 </listitem>
871 </varlistentry>
872
873 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
874 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
875 <listitem>
876 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
877 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
878 specified in
879 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
880 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
881 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
882 </indexterm>
883 </listitem>
884 </varlistentry>
885
886 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
887 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
888 <listitem>
889 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
890 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
891 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
892 </indexterm>
893 </listitem>
894 </varlistentry>
895
896 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
897 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
898 <listitem>
899 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
900 requests</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
902 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="telinit">
908 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
911 to</para>
912 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
913 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
914 </indexterm>
915 </listitem>
916 </varlistentry>
917
918 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
919 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
920 <listitem>
921 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
922 </para>
923 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
924 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
925 </indexterm>
926 </listitem>
927 </varlistentry>
928
929 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
930 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
931 <listitem>
932 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
933 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
934 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
935 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
937 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
943 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
944 <listitem>
945 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
946 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
947 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
948 </indexterm>
949 </listitem>
950 </varlistentry>
951
952 <varlistentry id="libudev">
953 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
954 <listitem>
955 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
956 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
957 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
958 </indexterm>
959 </listitem>
960 </varlistentry>
961
962 </variablelist>
963
964 </sect2>
965
966</sect1>
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