source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 37e35d2

multilib-10.1
Last change on this file since 37e35d2 was 37e35d2, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 4 years ago

Update to new lfs structure

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10 and fix a segfault:</para>
44
45<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
46
47 <para>Create a symlink to work around the xsltproc command not being installed:</para>
48
49<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
54
55 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
56
57<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '179,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
58
59 <para>Remove an unneeded group,
60 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
61 rules:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
64
65 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
68cd build
69
70LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
71meson --prefix=/usr \
72 --sysconfdir=/etc \
73 --localstatedir=/var \
74 -Dblkid=true \
75 -Dbuildtype=release \
76 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
77 -Dfirstboot=false \
78 -Dinstall-tests=false \
79 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
80 -Dldconfig=false \
81 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
82 -Drootprefix= \
83 -Drootlibdir=/lib \
84 -Dsplit-usr=true \
85 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
86 -Dsysusers=false \
87 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
88 -Db_lto=false \
89 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
90 -Dhomed=false \
91 -Duserdb=false \
92 -Dman=true \
93 ..</userinput></screen>
94
95 <variablelist>
96 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
97
98 <varlistentry>
99 <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
100 <listitem>
101 <para>These switches provide the location of binaries needed by
102 systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed.</para>
103 </listitem>
104 </varlistentry>
105
106 <varlistentry>
107 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
108 <listitem>
109 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
110 </listitem>
111 </varlistentry>
112
113 <varlistentry>
114 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
115 <listitem>
116 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
117 services responsible for setting up the system for
118 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
119 everything is done manually.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
127 </listitem>
128 </varlistentry>
129
130 <varlistentry>
131 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
132 <listitem>
133 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
134 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
135 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
136 if the described feature is desired.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry>
141 <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
144 shared libraries are installed in subdirectories
145 of the root partition.</para>
146 </listitem>
147 </varlistentry>
148
149 <varlistentry>
150 <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
151 <listitem>
152 <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
153 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
154 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
155 </listitem>
156 </varlistentry>
157
158 <varlistentry>
159 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
160 <listitem>
161 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
162 services responsible for setting up the
163 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
164 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
165 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
166 </listitem>
167 </varlistentry>
168
169 <varlistentry>
170 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
173 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176
177 <varlistentry>
178 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
179 <listitem>
180 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
181 the scope of LFS.</para>
182 </listitem>
183 </varlistentry>
184
185 </variablelist>
186
187 <para>Compile the package:</para>
188
189<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
190
191 <para>Install the package:</para>
192
193<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
194
195 <para>Remove an unnecessary symbolic link:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
200 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
205
206<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
209 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
210 systemd-networkd:</para>
211 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
212
213<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
214
215 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
216 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
219
220 </sect2>
221
222 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
223 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
224 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
225
226 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
227 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
228
229 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
230
231<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
234
235<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
236<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
237
238<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
239 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
240 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
241
242<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
243 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
244done</userinput></screen>
245-->
246
247 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
248
249 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-m32;/pkgconfig" \
250CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
251CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
252LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
253meson --prefix=/usr \
254 --sysconfdir=/etc \
255 --localstatedir=/var \
256 -Dblkid=true \
257 -Dbuildtype=release \
258 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
259 -Dfirstboot=false \
260 -Dinstall-tests=false \
261 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
262 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
263 -Dldconfig=false \
264 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
265 -Drootprefix= \
266 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-m32; \
267 -Dsplit-usr=true \
268 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
269 -Dsysusers=false \
270 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
271 -Db_lto=false \
272 ..</userinput></screen>
273
274 <para>Compile the package:</para>
275
276<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
277
278 <para>Install the package:</para>
279
280<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
281cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
282rm -rf DESTDIR
283rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
284
285 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
286
287 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
288 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
289 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
290
291 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
292 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
293
294 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
297
298 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
299
300<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
301
302 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
303
304<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
305sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
306
307 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
308
309<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-mx32;/pkgconfig" \
310CC="gcc -mx32" \
311CXX="g++ -mx32" \
312CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
313CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
314LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
315meson --prefix=/usr \
316 --sysconfdir=/etc \
317 --localstatedir=/var \
318 -Dblkid=true \
319 -Dbuildtype=release \
320 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
321 -Dfirstboot=false \
322 -Dinstall-tests=false \
323 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
324 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
325 -Dldconfig=false \
326 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
327 -Drootprefix= \
328 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-mx32; \
329 -Dsplit-usr=true \
330 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
331 -Dsysusers=false \
332 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
333 -Db_lto=false \
334 ..</userinput></screen>
335
336 <para>Compile the package:</para>
337
338<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
339
340 <para>Install the package:</para>
341
342<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
343cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
344rm -rf DESTDIR
345rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
346
347 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
348
349 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
350 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
351
352 <segmentedlist>
353 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
354 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
355 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
356
357 <seglistitem>
358 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
359 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
360 machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
361 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
362 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
363 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
364 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
365 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
366 systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
367 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
368 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
369 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
370 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
371 systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
372 udevadm</seg>
373 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
374 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
375 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
376 and libudev.so</seg>
377 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
378 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
379 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
380 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
381 /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
382 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
383 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
384 </seglistitem>
385 </segmentedlist>
386
387 <variablelist>
388 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
389 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
390 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
391
392 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
393 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
394 <listitem>
395 <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
396 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
397 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
398 </indexterm>
399 </listitem>
400 </varlistentry>
401
402 <varlistentry id="busctl">
403 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
404 <listitem>
405 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
406 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
407 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
408 </indexterm>
409 </listitem>
410 </varlistentry>
411
412 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
413 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
414 <listitem>
415 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
416 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
417 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
418 </indexterm>
419 </listitem>
420 </varlistentry>
421
422 <varlistentry id="halt">
423 <term><command>halt</command></term>
424 <listitem>
425 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
426 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
427 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
428 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
429 brought down</para>
430 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
431 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
432 </indexterm>
433 </listitem>
434 </varlistentry>
435
436 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
437 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
438 <listitem>
439 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
440 settings</para>
441 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
442 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
443 </indexterm>
444 </listitem>
445 </varlistentry>
446
447 <varlistentry id="init">
448 <term><command>init</command></term>
449 <listitem>
450 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
451 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
452 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
453 systemd.</para>
454 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
455 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
456 </indexterm>
457 </listitem>
458 </varlistentry>
459
460 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
461 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
462 <listitem>
463 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
464 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
465 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
471 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
474 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually.</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
476 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="localectl">
482 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
485 settings</para>
486 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
487 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
488 </indexterm>
489 </listitem>
490 </varlistentry>
491
492 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
493 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
494 <listitem>
495 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
496 Manager</para>
497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
498 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
502
503 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
504 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
505 <listitem>
506 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
507 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
509 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
515 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
518 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
520 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
526 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
529 system</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
531 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
537 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
540 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
542 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="reboot">
548 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
551 <command>halt</command>)</para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
553 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
559 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
562 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
564 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
570 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
573 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
574 DNS records, and services.</para>
575 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
576 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
577 </indexterm>
578 </listitem>
579 </varlistentry>
580
581 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
582 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
583 <listitem>
584 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
585 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
586 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
587 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
588 </indexterm>
589 </listitem>
590 </varlistentry>
591
592 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
593 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
594 <listitem>
595 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
596 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
598 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
604 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
607 and service manager</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
609 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
615 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
618 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
620 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
626 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
629 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
631 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
637 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
640 with the systemd journal.
641 </para>
642 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
643 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
644 </indexterm>
645 </listitem>
646 </varlistentry>
647
648 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
649 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
650 <listitem>
651 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
652 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
654 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
660 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
663 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
664 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
665 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
666 </indexterm>
667 </listitem>
668 </varlistentry>
669
670 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
671 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
672 <listitem>
673 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
674 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
675 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
677 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
683 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
686 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly.</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
688 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
694 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
697 names</para>
698 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
699 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
700 </indexterm>
701 </listitem>
702 </varlistentry>
703
704 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
705 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
706 <listitem>
707 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
709 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
715 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
718 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
719 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
720 </indexterm>
721 </listitem>
722 </varlistentry>
723
724 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
725 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
726 <listitem>
727 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
728 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
729 until the process is completed.</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
731 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
737 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
740 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
741 randomly generated ID</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
743 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
749 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks.</para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
753 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
759 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
762 changes</para>
763 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
764 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
765 </indexterm>
766 </listitem>
767 </varlistentry>
768
769 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
770 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
771 <listitem>
772 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
773 container</para>
774 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
775 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
776 </indexterm>
777 </listitem>
778 </varlistentry>
779
780 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
781 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
782 <listitem>
783 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
784 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
785 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
786 </indexterm>
787 </listitem>
788 </varlistentry>
789
790 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
791 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
792 <listitem>
793 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
794 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container).</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
796 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
802 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
805 resource records, and services</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
807 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
813 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
816 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
817 validating systemd units.</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
819 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
825 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
828 a successful connection to the socket.</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
830 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
836 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
839 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
840 specified in
841 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
842 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
843 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
844 </indexterm>
845 </listitem>
846 </varlistentry>
847
848 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
849 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
850 <listitem>
851 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
853 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
859 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
862 requests</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
864 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="telinit">
870 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
873 to</para>
874 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
875 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
876 </indexterm>
877 </listitem>
878 </varlistentry>
879
880 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
881 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
882 <listitem>
883 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
884 </para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
886 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
892 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
895 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
896 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
897 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
899 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
905 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
908 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
909 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
910 </indexterm>
911 </listitem>
912 </varlistentry>
913
914 <varlistentry id="libudev">
915 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
916 <listitem>
917 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
919 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 </variablelist>
925
926 </sect2>
927
928</sect1>
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