source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 3a4f80c

multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
54cd build
55
56meson setup \
57 --prefix=/usr \
58 --buildtype=release \
59 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
60 -Dfirstboot=false \
61 -Dinstall-tests=false \
62 -Dldconfig=false \
63 -Dsysusers=false \
64 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
65 -Dhomed=false \
66 -Duserdb=false \
67 -Dman=false \
68 -Dmode=release \
69 -Dpamconfdir=no \
70 -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
71 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
72 ..</userinput></screen>
73
74 <variablelist>
75 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
76
77 <varlistentry>
78 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
79 <listitem>
80 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
81 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
82 binaries.</para>
83 </listitem>
84 </varlistentry>
85
86 <varlistentry>
87 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
88 <listitem>
89 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
90 </listitem>
91 </varlistentry>
92
93 <varlistentry>
94 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
95 <listitem>
96 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
97 services responsible for setting up the system for
98 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
99 everything is done manually.</para>
100 </listitem>
101 </varlistentry>
102
103 <varlistentry>
104 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
105 <listitem>
106 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
107 </listitem>
108 </varlistentry>
109
110 <varlistentry>
111 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
112 <listitem>
113 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
114 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
115 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
116 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
117 </listitem>
118 </varlistentry>
119
120 <varlistentry>
121 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
122 <listitem>
123 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
124 services responsible for setting up the
125 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
126 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
127 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
128 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
136 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 <varlistentry>
141 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
142 <listitem>
143 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
144 within the scope of LFS.</para>
145 </listitem>
146 </varlistentry>
147
148 <varlistentry>
149 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
150 <listitem>
151 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
152 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
153 from a tarball.</para>
154 </listitem>
155 </varlistentry>
156
157 <varlistentry>
158 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
159 <listitem>
160 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
161 </para>
162 </listitem>
163 </varlistentry>
164
165 <varlistentry>
166 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
167 <listitem>
168 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
169 functional on LFS.</para>
170 </listitem>
171 </varlistentry>
172
173 <varlistentry>
174 <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
175 <listitem>
176 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
177 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
178 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
179 </listitem>
180 </varlistentry>
181 </variablelist>
182
183 <para>Compile the package:</para>
184
185<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
186
187 <para>Install the package:</para>
188
189<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
190
191 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
192
193 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
194 component in the path. -->
195<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz \
196 --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
197 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
200 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
201
202<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
203
204 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
205
206<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>Disable two services for upgrading binary distros. They are useless for
209 a basic Linux system built from source, and each one will report an error if
210 it's enabled but not configured:</para>
211
212<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-sysupdate{,-reboot}</userinput></screen>
213
214<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
215 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
216<!--
217 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
218 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
219
220<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
221-->
222
223 </sect2>
224
225 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
226 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
227 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
228
229 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
230 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
231
232 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
233
234<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
235
236 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
237
238<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
239<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
240
241<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
242 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
243 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
244
245<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
246 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
247done</userinput></screen>
248-->
249
250 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
251
252 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
253CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
254CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
255LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
256meson --prefix=/usr \
257 --sysconfdir=/etc \
258 --localstatedir=/var \
259 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
260 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
261 -Dblkid=true \
262 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
263 -Dfirstboot=false \
264 -Dinstall-tests=false \
265 -Dldconfig=false \
266 -Dsysusers=false \
267 -Db_lto=false \
268 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
269 -Dhomed=false \
270 -Duserdb=false \
271 -Dman=false \
272 -Dmode=release \
273 ..</userinput></screen>
274
275 <para>Compile the package:</para>
276
277<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
278
279 <para>Install the package:</para>
280
281<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
282cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
283rm -rf DESTDIR
284rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
285
286 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
287
288 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
289 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
290 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
291
292 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
293 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
294
295 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
296
297<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
298
299 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
300
301<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
302<!--
303 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
304
305<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
306sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
307-->
308 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
309
310<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
311CC="gcc -mx32" \
312CXX="g++ -mx32" \
313CFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
314CXXFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
315LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
316meson --prefix=/usr \
317 --sysconfdir=/etc \
318 --localstatedir=/var \
319 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
320 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
321 -Dblkid=true \
322 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
323 -Dfirstboot=false \
324 -Dinstall-tests=false \
325 -Dldconfig=false \
326 -Dsysusers=false \
327 -Db_lto=false \
328 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
329 -Dhomed=false \
330 -Duserdb=false \
331 -Dman=false \
332 -Dmode=release \
333 ..</userinput></screen>
334
335 <para>Compile the package:</para>
336
337<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
338
339 <para>Install the package:</para>
340
341<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
342cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
343rm -rf DESTDIR
344rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
345
346 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
347
348 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
349 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
350
351 <segmentedlist>
352 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
353 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
354 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
355
356 <seglistitem>
357 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
358 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
359 machinectl, mount.ddi (symlink to systemd-dissect), networkctl,
360 oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
361 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
362 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
363 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
364 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
365 systemd-confext (symlink to systemd-sysext), systemd-creds,
366 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
367 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
368 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
369 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
370 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
371 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
372 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
373 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
374 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
375 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
376 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
377 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
378 and libudev.so</seg>
379 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
380 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
381 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
382 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
383 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
384 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
385 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
386 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
387 </seglistitem>
388 </segmentedlist>
389
390 <variablelist>
391 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
392 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
393 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
394
395 <varlistentry id="busctl">
396 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
397 <listitem>
398 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
400 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
406 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
410 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="halt">
416 <term><command>halt</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
419 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
420 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
421 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
422 brought down</para>
423 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
424 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
425 </indexterm>
426 </listitem>
427 </varlistentry>
428
429 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
430 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
431 <listitem>
432 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
433 settings</para>
434 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
435 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="init">
441 <term><command>init</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
444 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
445 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
446 systemd</para>
447 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
448 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
449 </indexterm>
450 </listitem>
451 </varlistentry>
452
453 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
454 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
455 <listitem>
456 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
458 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
464 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
467 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
468 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
469 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
470 </indexterm>
471 </listitem>
472 </varlistentry>
473
474 <varlistentry id="localectl">
475 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
476 <listitem>
477 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
478 settings</para>
479 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
480 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
481 </indexterm>
482 </listitem>
483 </varlistentry>
484
485 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
486 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
487 <listitem>
488 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
489 Manager</para>
490 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
491 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
492 </indexterm>
493 </listitem>
494 </varlistentry>
495
496 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
497 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
498 <listitem>
499 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
500 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
501 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
502 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
503 </indexterm>
504 </listitem>
505 </varlistentry>
506
507 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
508 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
509 <listitem>
510 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
511 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
512 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
513 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
514 </indexterm>
515 </listitem>
516 </varlistentry>
517
518 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
519 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
520 <listitem>
521 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
523 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
529 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
532 system</para>
533 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
534 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
535 </indexterm>
536 </listitem>
537 </varlistentry>
538
539 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
540 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
541 <listitem>
542 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
543 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
544 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
545 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
546 </indexterm>
547 </listitem>
548 </varlistentry>
549
550 <varlistentry id="reboot">
551 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
552 <listitem>
553 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
554 <command>halt</command>)</para>
555 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
556 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
562 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
563 <listitem>
564 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
565 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
567 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
573 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
576 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
577 DNS records, and services</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
579 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
585 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
588 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
590 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
596 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
599 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
601 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
607 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
610 and service manager</para>
611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
612 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
617 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
618 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
621 power source.</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
623 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
629 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
632 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
633 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
634 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
635 </indexterm>
636 </listitem>
637 </varlistentry>
638
639 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
640 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
641 <listitem>
642 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
643 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
644 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
645 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
646 </indexterm>
647 </listitem>
648 </varlistentry>
649
650 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
651 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
652 <listitem>
653 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
654 with the systemd journal
655 </para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
657 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
663 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
666 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
668 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
674 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
677 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
678 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
679 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
680 </indexterm>
681 </listitem>
682 </varlistentry>
683
684 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
685 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
686 <listitem>
687 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
688 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
689 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
690 </indexterm>
691 </listitem>
692 </varlistentry>
693
694 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
695 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
696 <listitem>
697 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
698 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
699 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
700 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
701 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
702 </indexterm>
703 </listitem>
704 </varlistentry>
705
706 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
707 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
708 <listitem>
709 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
710 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
712 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
718 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
722 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
728 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
731 names</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
733 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
739 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
742 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
743 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
744 </indexterm>
745 </listitem>
746 </varlistentry>
747
748 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
749 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
750 <listitem>
751 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
753 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
759 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
762 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
763 until the process is completed</para>
764 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
765 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
766 </indexterm>
767 </listitem>
768 </varlistentry>
769
770 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
771 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
772 <listitem>
773 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
774 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
775 randomly generated ID</para>
776 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
777 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
778 </indexterm>
779 </listitem>
780 </varlistentry>
781
782 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
783 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
784 <listitem>
785 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
786 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
787 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
788 </indexterm>
789 </listitem>
790 </varlistentry>
791
792 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
793 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
794 <listitem>
795 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
796 changes</para>
797 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
798 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
799 </indexterm>
800 </listitem>
801 </varlistentry>
802
803 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
804 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
805 <listitem>
806 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
807 container</para>
808 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
809 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
810 </indexterm>
811 </listitem>
812 </varlistentry>
813
814 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
815 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
816 <listitem>
817 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
818 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
819 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
820 </indexterm>
821 </listitem>
822 </varlistentry>
823
824 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
825 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
826 <listitem>
827 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
828 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
829 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
830 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
831 </indexterm>
832 </listitem>
833 </varlistentry>
834
835 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
836 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
837 <listitem>
838 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
839 resource records, and services</para>
840 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
841 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
842 </indexterm>
843 </listitem>
844 </varlistentry>
845
846 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
847 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
848 <listitem>
849 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
850 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
851 validating systemd units</para>
852 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
853 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
854 </indexterm>
855 </listitem>
856 </varlistentry>
857
858 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
859 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
860 <listitem>
861 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
862 a successful connection to the socket</para>
863 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
864 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
865 </indexterm>
866 </listitem>
867 </varlistentry>
868
869 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
870 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
871 <listitem>
872 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
873 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
874 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
875 </indexterm>
876 </listitem>
877 </varlistentry>
878
879 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
880 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
881 <listitem>
882 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
883 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
884 specified in
885 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
886 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
887 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
888 </indexterm>
889 </listitem>
890 </varlistentry>
891
892 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
893 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
894 <listitem>
895 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
896 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
897 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
898 </indexterm>
899 </listitem>
900 </varlistentry>
901
902 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
903 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
904 <listitem>
905 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
906 requests</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
908 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="telinit">
914 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
917 to</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
919 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
925 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
928 </para>
929 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
930 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
931 </indexterm>
932 </listitem>
933 </varlistentry>
934
935 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
936 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
937 <listitem>
938 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
939 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
940 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
941 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
942 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
943 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
944 </indexterm>
945 </listitem>
946 </varlistentry>
947
948 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
949 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
950 <listitem>
951 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
952 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
953 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
954 </indexterm>
955 </listitem>
956 </varlistentry>
957
958 <varlistentry id="libudev">
959 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
960 <listitem>
961 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
962 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
963 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
964 </indexterm>
965 </listitem>
966 </varlistentry>
967
968 </variablelist>
969
970 </sect2>
971
972</sect1>
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