source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 3c2b819

multilib
Last change on this file since 3c2b819 was 3c2b819, checked in by Thomas Trepl (Moody) <thomas@…>, 2 years ago

Fix systemd instructions
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix a security vulnerability and regressions
44 with hostnames and idle units:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Now, apply a patch to fix a problem with the linux kernel's headers in
49 version 5.17 and later:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-kernel_5.17_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
54 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
55 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
56 rules:</para>
57
58 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
59 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
60
61 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
62
63<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
64cd build
65
66meson --prefix=/usr \
67 --sysconfdir=/etc \
68 --localstatedir=/var \
69 --buildtype=release \
70 -Dblkid=true \
71 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
72 -Dfirstboot=false \
73 -Dinstall-tests=false \
74 -Dldconfig=false \
75 -Dsysusers=false \
76 -Db_lto=false \
77 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
78 -Dhomed=false \
79 -Duserdb=false \
80 -Dman=false \
81 -Dmode=release \
82 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
83 ..</userinput></screen>
84
85 <variablelist>
86 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
87
88 <varlistentry>
89 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
90 <listitem>
91 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
92 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
93 binaries.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
101 </listitem>
102 </varlistentry>
103
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
108 services responsible for setting up the system for
109 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
110 everything is done manually.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 <varlistentry>
122 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
123 <listitem>
124 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
125 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
126 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
127 if the described feature is desired.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
135 services responsible for setting up the
136 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
137 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
138 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
139 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
140 </listitem>
141 </varlistentry>
142
143 <varlistentry>
144 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
145 <listitem>
146 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
147 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
155 the scope of LFS.</para>
156 </listitem>
157 </varlistentry>
158
159 <varlistentry>
160 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
163 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
164 from a tarball later.</para>
165 </listitem>
166 </varlistentry>
167
168 <varlistentry>
169 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
170 <listitem>
171 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
172 </para>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 </variablelist>
177
178 <para>Compile the package:</para>
179
180<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
181
182 <para>Install the package:</para>
183
184<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
187
188<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
189
190 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
195 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
196
197<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
198
199 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
200
201<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
202
203<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
204 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
205<!--
206 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
207 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
210-->
211
212 </sect2>
213
214 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
215 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
216 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
217
218 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
219 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
220
221 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
224
225 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
226
227<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
228<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
229
230<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
231 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
232 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
233
234<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
235 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
236done</userinput></screen>
237-->
238
239 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
240
241 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
242CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
243CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
244LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
245meson --prefix=/usr \
246 --sysconfdir=/etc \
247 --localstatedir=/var \
248 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
249 -Dblkid=true \
250 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
251 -Dfirstboot=false \
252 -Dinstall-tests=false \
253 -Dldconfig=false \
254 -Dsysusers=false \
255 -Db_lto=false \
256 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
257 -Dhomed=false \
258 -Duserdb=false \
259 -Dman=false \
260 -Dmode=release \
261 ..</userinput></screen>
262
263 <para>Compile the package:</para>
264
265<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
266
267 <para>Install the package:</para>
268
269<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
270cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
271rm -rf DESTDIR
272rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
273
274 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
275
276 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
277 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
278 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
279
280 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
281 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
282
283 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
284
285<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
286
287 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
288
289<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
290<!--
291 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
292
293<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
294sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
295-->
296 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
299CC="gcc -mx32" \
300CXX="g++ -mx32" \
301CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
302CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
303LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
304meson --prefix=/usr \
305 --sysconfdir=/etc \
306 --localstatedir=/var \
307 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
308 -Dblkid=true \
309 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
310 -Dfirstboot=false \
311 -Dinstall-tests=false \
312 -Dldconfig=false \
313 -Dsysusers=false \
314 -Db_lto=false \
315 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
316 -Dhomed=false \
317 -Duserdb=false \
318 -Dman=false \
319 -Dmode=release \
320 ..</userinput></screen>
321
322 <para>Compile the package:</para>
323
324<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
325
326 <para>Install the package:</para>
327
328<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
329cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
330rm -rf DESTDIR
331rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
332
333 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
334
335 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
336 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
337
338 <segmentedlist>
339 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
340 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
341 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
342
343 <seglistitem>
344 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
345 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
346 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
347 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
348 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
349 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
350 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
351 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
352 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
353 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
354 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
355 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
356 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
357 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
358 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
359 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
360 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
361 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
362 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
363 and libudev.so</seg>
364 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
365 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
366 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
367 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
368 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
369 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
370 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
371 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
372 </seglistitem>
373 </segmentedlist>
374
375 <variablelist>
376 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
377 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
378 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
379
380 <varlistentry id="busctl">
381 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
382 <listitem>
383 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
384 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
385 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
386 </indexterm>
387 </listitem>
388 </varlistentry>
389
390 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
391 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
392 <listitem>
393 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
394 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
395 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
396 </indexterm>
397 </listitem>
398 </varlistentry>
399
400 <varlistentry id="halt">
401 <term><command>halt</command></term>
402 <listitem>
403 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
404 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
405 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
406 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
407 brought down</para>
408 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
409 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
410 </indexterm>
411 </listitem>
412 </varlistentry>
413
414 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
415 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
416 <listitem>
417 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
418 settings</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
420 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 <varlistentry id="init">
426 <term><command>init</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
429 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
430 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
431 systemd</para>
432 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
433 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
434 </indexterm>
435 </listitem>
436 </varlistentry>
437
438 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
439 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
443 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
449 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
452 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
453 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
454 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
455 </indexterm>
456 </listitem>
457 </varlistentry>
458
459 <varlistentry id="localectl">
460 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
461 <listitem>
462 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
463 settings</para>
464 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
465 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
471 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
474 Manager</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
476 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
482 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
485 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
486 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
487 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
488 </indexterm>
489 </listitem>
490 </varlistentry>
491
492 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
493 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
494 <listitem>
495 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
496 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
497 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
498 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
499 </indexterm>
500 </listitem>
501 </varlistentry>
502
503 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
504 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
505 <listitem>
506 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
507 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
508 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
509 </indexterm>
510 </listitem>
511 </varlistentry>
512
513 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
514 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
515 <listitem>
516 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
517 system</para>
518 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
519 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
520 </indexterm>
521 </listitem>
522 </varlistentry>
523
524 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
525 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
526 <listitem>
527 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
528 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
530 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="reboot">
536 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
539 <command>halt</command>)</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
541 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
547 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
550 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
551 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
552 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
553 </indexterm>
554 </listitem>
555 </varlistentry>
556
557 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
558 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
559 <listitem>
560 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
561 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
562 DNS records, and services</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
564 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
570 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
573 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
575 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
581 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
584 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
585 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
586 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
587 </indexterm>
588 </listitem>
589 </varlistentry>
590
591 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
592 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
593 <listitem>
594 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
595 and service manager</para>
596 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
597 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
598 </indexterm>
599 </listitem>
600 </varlistentry>
601
602 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
603 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
604 <listitem>
605 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
606 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
607 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
608 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
609 </indexterm>
610 </listitem>
611 </varlistentry>
612
613 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
614 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
615 <listitem>
616 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
617 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
618 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
619 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
620 </indexterm>
621 </listitem>
622 </varlistentry>
623
624 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
625 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
626 <listitem>
627 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
628 with the systemd journal
629 </para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
631 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
637 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
640 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
642 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
648 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
651 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
652 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
653 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
654 </indexterm>
655 </listitem>
656 </varlistentry>
657
658 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
659 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
660 <listitem>
661 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
663 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
669 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
672 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
673 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
675 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
681 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
684 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
685 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
686 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
687 </indexterm>
688 </listitem>
689 </varlistentry>
690
691 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
692 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
693 <listitem>
694 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
696 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
701 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
702 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
705 names</para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
707 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
713 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
717 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
723 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
727 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
733 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
736 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
737 until the process is completed</para>
738 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
739 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
740 </indexterm>
741 </listitem>
742 </varlistentry>
743
744 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
745 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
746 <listitem>
747 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
748 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
749 randomly generated ID</para>
750 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
751 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
752 </indexterm>
753 </listitem>
754 </varlistentry>
755
756 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
757 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
758 <listitem>
759 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
760 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
761 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
762 </indexterm>
763 </listitem>
764 </varlistentry>
765
766 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
767 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
768 <listitem>
769 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
770 changes</para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
772 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
778 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
781 container</para>
782 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
783 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
784 </indexterm>
785 </listitem>
786 </varlistentry>
787
788 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
789 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
790 <listitem>
791 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
793 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
799 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
802 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
804 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
810 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
813 resource records, and services</para>
814 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
815 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
816 </indexterm>
817 </listitem>
818 </varlistentry>
819
820 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
821 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
822 <listitem>
823 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
824 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
825 validating systemd units</para>
826 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
827 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
828 </indexterm>
829 </listitem>
830 </varlistentry>
831
832 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
833 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
834 <listitem>
835 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
836 a successful connection to the socket</para>
837 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
838 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
839 </indexterm>
840 </listitem>
841 </varlistentry>
842
843 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
844 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
845 <listitem>
846 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
847 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
848 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
849 </indexterm>
850 </listitem>
851 </varlistentry>
852
853 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
854 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
855 <listitem>
856 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
857 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
858 specified in
859 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
860 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
861 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
862 </indexterm>
863 </listitem>
864 </varlistentry>
865
866 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
867 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
868 <listitem>
869 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
871 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
877 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
880 requests</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
882 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="telinit">
888 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
891 to</para>
892 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
893 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
894 </indexterm>
895 </listitem>
896 </varlistentry>
897
898 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
899 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
900 <listitem>
901 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
902 </para>
903 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
904 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
905 </indexterm>
906 </listitem>
907 </varlistentry>
908
909 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
910 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
911 <listitem>
912 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
913 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
914 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
915 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
916 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
917 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
918 </indexterm>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
923 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
926 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
927 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
928 </indexterm>
929 </listitem>
930 </varlistentry>
931
932 <varlistentry id="libudev">
933 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
934 <listitem>
935 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
936 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
937 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
938 </indexterm>
939 </listitem>
940 </varlistentry>
941
942 </variablelist>
943
944 </sect2>
945
946</sect1>
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