source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 5eb7810

multilib xry111/multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
54cd build
55
56meson setup .. \
57 --prefix=/usr \
58 --buildtype=release \
59 -D default-dnssec=no \
60 -D firstboot=false \
61 -D install-tests=false \
62 -D ldconfig=false \
63 -D sysusers=false \
64 -D rpmmacrosdir=no \
65 -D homed=disabled \
66 -D userdb=false \
67 -D man=disabled \
68 -D mode=release \
69 -D pamconfdir=no \
70 -D dev-kvm-mode=0660 \
71 -D nobody-group=nogroup \
72 -D sysupdate=disabled \
73 -D ukify=disabled \
74 -D docdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;</userinput></screen>
75
76 <variablelist>
77 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
78
79 <varlistentry>
80 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
81 <listitem>
82 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
83 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
84 binaries.</para>
85 </listitem>
86 </varlistentry>
87
88 <varlistentry>
89 <term><parameter>-D default-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
90 <listitem>
91 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
92 </listitem>
93 </varlistentry>
94
95 <varlistentry>
96 <term><parameter>-D firstboot=false</parameter></term>
97 <listitem>
98 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
99 services responsible for setting up the system for
100 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
101 everything is done manually.</para>
102 </listitem>
103 </varlistentry>
104
105 <varlistentry>
106 <term><parameter>-D install-tests=false</parameter></term>
107 <listitem>
108 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
109 </listitem>
110 </varlistentry>
111
112 <varlistentry>
113 <term><parameter>-D ldconfig=false</parameter></term>
114 <listitem>
115 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
116 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
117 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
118 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
119 </listitem>
120 </varlistentry>
121
122 <varlistentry>
123 <term><parameter>-D sysusers=false</parameter></term>
124 <listitem>
125 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
126 services responsible for setting up the
127 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
128 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
129 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
130 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
131 </listitem>
132 </varlistentry>
133
134 <varlistentry>
135 <term><parameter>-D rpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
136 <listitem>
137 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
138 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 <varlistentry>
143 <term><parameter>-D homed=disabled</parameter> and
144 <parameter>-D userdb=false</parameter></term>
145 <listitem>
146 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
147 within the scope of LFS.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-D man=disabled</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
155 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
156 from a tarball.</para>
157 </listitem>
158 </varlistentry>
159
160 <varlistentry>
161 <term><parameter>-D mode=release</parameter></term>
162 <listitem>
163 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
164 </para>
165 </listitem>
166 </varlistentry>
167
168 <varlistentry>
169 <term><parameter>-D pamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
170 <listitem>
171 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
172 functional on LFS.</para>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 <varlistentry>
177 <term><parameter>-D dev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
180 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
181 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
182 </listitem>
183 </varlistentry>
184
185 <varlistentry>
186 <term><parameter>-D nobody-group=nogroup</parameter></term>
187 <listitem>
188 <para>Tell the package the group name with GID 65534 is
189 <systemitem class='groupname'>nogroup</systemitem>.</para>
190 </listitem>
191 </varlistentry>
192
193 <varlistentry>
194 <term><parameter>-D sysupdate=disabled</parameter></term>
195 <listitem>
196 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-sysupdate</command>
197 tool. It's designed for automatically upgrading binary distros,
198 so it's useless for a basic Linux system built from source.
199 And it will report errors on boot if it's enabled but not properly
200 configured.</para>
201 </listitem>
202 </varlistentry>
203
204 <varlistentry>
205 <term><parameter>-D ukify=disabled</parameter></term>
206 <listitem>
207 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-ukify</command> script.
208 At runtime this script requires the
209 <application>pefile</application> Python module that neither LFS
210 nor BLFS provides.</para>
211 </listitem>
212 </varlistentry>
213
214 </variablelist>
215
216 <para>Compile the package:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Some tests need a basic <filename>/etc/os-release</filename> file.
221 To test the results, issue:</para>
222
223<screen><userinput remap="test">echo 'NAME="Linux From Scratch"' &gt; /etc/os-release
224ninja test</userinput></screen>
225
226 <!-- test-namespace needs /run/systemd/inaccessible/sock, which only exists
227 after initializing the system with systemd. -->
228 <para>Three tests: <literal>systemd:core / test-namespace</literal>,
229 <literal>test-loopback</literal>, and
230 <literal>test-copy</literal>,
231 are known to fail in the LFS chroot environment. Some other tests may
232 fail because they depend on various kernel configuration options.</para>
233
234 <para>Install the package:</para>
235
236<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
237
238 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
239
240 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
241 component in the path. -->
242<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz \
243 --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
244 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
245
246 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
247 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
248
249<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
250
251 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
252
253<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
254
255<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
256 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
257<!--
258 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
259 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
260
261<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
262-->
263
264 </sect2>
265
266 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
267 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
268 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
269
270 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
271 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
272
273 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
274
275<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
276
277 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
278
279<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
280<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
281
282<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
283 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
284 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
285
286<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
287 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
288done</userinput></screen>
289-->
290
291 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
292
293 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
294CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
295CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
296LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
297meson --prefix=/usr \
298 --sysconfdir=/etc \
299 --localstatedir=/var \
300 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
301 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
302 -Dblkid=true \
303 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
304 -Dfirstboot=false \
305 -Dinstall-tests=false \
306 -Dldconfig=false \
307 -Dsysusers=false \
308 -Db_lto=false \
309 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
310 -Dhomed=false \
311 -Duserdb=false \
312 -Dman=false \
313 -Dmode=release \
314 ..</userinput></screen>
315
316 <para>Compile the package:</para>
317
318<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
319
320 <para>Install the package:</para>
321
322<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
323cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
324rm -rf DESTDIR
325rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
326
327 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
328
329 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
330 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
331 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
332
333 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
334 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
335
336 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
337
338<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
339
340 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
341
342<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
343<!--
344 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
345
346<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
347sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
348-->
349 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
350
351<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
352CC="gcc -mx32" \
353CXX="g++ -mx32" \
354CFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
355CXXFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
356LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
357meson --prefix=/usr \
358 --sysconfdir=/etc \
359 --localstatedir=/var \
360 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
361 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
362 -Dblkid=true \
363 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
364 -Dfirstboot=false \
365 -Dinstall-tests=false \
366 -Dldconfig=false \
367 -Dsysusers=false \
368 -Db_lto=false \
369 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
370 -Dhomed=false \
371 -Duserdb=false \
372 -Dman=false \
373 -Dmode=release \
374 ..</userinput></screen>
375
376 <para>Compile the package:</para>
377
378<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
379
380 <para>Install the package:</para>
381
382<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
383cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
384rm -rf DESTDIR
385rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
386
387 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
388
389 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
390 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
391
392 <segmentedlist>
393 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
394 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
395 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
396
397 <seglistitem>
398 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
399 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
400 machinectl, mount.ddi (symlink to systemd-dissect), networkctl,
401 oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
402 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
403 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
404 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
405 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
406 systemd-confext (symlink to systemd-sysext), systemd-creds,
407 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
408 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
409 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
410 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
411 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
412 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
413 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
414 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
415 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
416 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
417 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
418 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
419 and libudev.so</seg>
420 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
421 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
422 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
423 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
424 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
425 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
426 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
427 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
428 </seglistitem>
429 </segmentedlist>
430
431 <variablelist>
432 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
433 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
434 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
435
436 <varlistentry id="busctl">
437 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
438 <listitem>
439 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
440 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
441 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
442 </indexterm>
443 </listitem>
444 </varlistentry>
445
446 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
447 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
448 <listitem>
449 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
450 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
451 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
452 </indexterm>
453 </listitem>
454 </varlistentry>
455
456 <varlistentry id="halt">
457 <term><command>halt</command></term>
458 <listitem>
459 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
460 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
461 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
462 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
463 brought down</para>
464 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
465 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
466 </indexterm>
467 </listitem>
468 </varlistentry>
469
470 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
471 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
472 <listitem>
473 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
474 settings</para>
475 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
476 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
477 </indexterm>
478 </listitem>
479 </varlistentry>
480
481 <varlistentry id="init">
482 <term><command>init</command></term>
483 <listitem>
484 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
485 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
486 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
487 systemd</para>
488 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
489 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
490 </indexterm>
491 </listitem>
492 </varlistentry>
493
494 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
495 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
498 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
499 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
500 </indexterm>
501 </listitem>
502 </varlistentry>
503
504 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
505 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
506 <listitem>
507 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
508 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
509 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
510 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
511 </indexterm>
512 </listitem>
513 </varlistentry>
514
515 <varlistentry id="localectl">
516 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
517 <listitem>
518 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
519 settings</para>
520 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
521 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
522 </indexterm>
523 </listitem>
524 </varlistentry>
525
526 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
527 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
528 <listitem>
529 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
530 Manager</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
532 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
538 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
541 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
543 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
549 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
552 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
554 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
560 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
563 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
564 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
565 </indexterm>
566 </listitem>
567 </varlistentry>
568
569 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
570 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
571 <listitem>
572 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
573 system</para>
574 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
575 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
576 </indexterm>
577 </listitem>
578 </varlistentry>
579
580 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
581 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
582 <listitem>
583 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
584 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
585 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
586 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
587 </indexterm>
588 </listitem>
589 </varlistentry>
590
591 <varlistentry id="reboot">
592 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
593 <listitem>
594 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
595 <command>halt</command>)</para>
596 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
597 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
598 </indexterm>
599 </listitem>
600 </varlistentry>
601
602 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
603 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
604 <listitem>
605 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
606 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
607 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
608 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
609 </indexterm>
610 </listitem>
611 </varlistentry>
612
613 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
614 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
615 <listitem>
616 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
617 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
618 DNS records, and services</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
620 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
626 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
629 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
630 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
631 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
632 </indexterm>
633 </listitem>
634 </varlistentry>
635
636 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
637 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
638 <listitem>
639 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
640 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
641 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
642 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
643 </indexterm>
644 </listitem>
645 </varlistentry>
646
647 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
648 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
649 <listitem>
650 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
651 and service manager</para>
652 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
653 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
654 </indexterm>
655 </listitem>
656 </varlistentry>
657
658 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
659 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
660 <listitem>
661 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
662 power source.</para>
663 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
664 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
665 </indexterm>
666 </listitem>
667 </varlistentry>
668
669 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
670 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
671 <listitem>
672 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
673 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
675 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
681 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
684 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
685 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
686 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
687 </indexterm>
688 </listitem>
689 </varlistentry>
690
691 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
692 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
693 <listitem>
694 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
695 with the systemd journal
696 </para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
698 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
704 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
707 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
708 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
709 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
710 </indexterm>
711 </listitem>
712 </varlistentry>
713
714 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
715 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
716 <listitem>
717 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
718 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
719 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
720 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
721 </indexterm>
722 </listitem>
723 </varlistentry>
724
725 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
726 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
727 <listitem>
728 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
729 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
730 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
731 </indexterm>
732 </listitem>
733 </varlistentry>
734
735 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
736 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
737 <listitem>
738 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
739 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
740 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
742 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
748 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
751 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
752 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
753 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
754 </indexterm>
755 </listitem>
756 </varlistentry>
757
758 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
759 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
760 <listitem>
761 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
762 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
763 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
764 </indexterm>
765 </listitem>
766 </varlistentry>
767
768 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
769 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
770 <listitem>
771 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
772 names</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
774 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
780 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
784 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
790 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
794 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
800 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
803 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
804 until the process is completed</para>
805 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
806 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
807 </indexterm>
808 </listitem>
809 </varlistentry>
810
811 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
812 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
813 <listitem>
814 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
815 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
816 randomly generated ID</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
818 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
824 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
828 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
834 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
837 changes</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
839 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
845 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
848 container</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
850 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
856 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
859 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
860 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
861 </indexterm>
862 </listitem>
863 </varlistentry>
864
865 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
866 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
867 <listitem>
868 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
869 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
870 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
871 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
872 </indexterm>
873 </listitem>
874 </varlistentry>
875
876 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
877 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
878 <listitem>
879 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
880 resource records, and services</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
882 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
888 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
891 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
892 validating systemd units</para>
893 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
894 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
895 </indexterm>
896 </listitem>
897 </varlistentry>
898
899 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
900 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
901 <listitem>
902 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
903 a successful connection to the socket</para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
905 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
911 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
914 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
915 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
916 </indexterm>
917 </listitem>
918 </varlistentry>
919
920 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
921 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
922 <listitem>
923 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
924 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
925 specified in
926 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
927 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
928 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
929 </indexterm>
930 </listitem>
931 </varlistentry>
932
933 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
934 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
935 <listitem>
936 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
937 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
938 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
939 </indexterm>
940 </listitem>
941 </varlistentry>
942
943 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
944 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
945 <listitem>
946 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
947 requests</para>
948 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
949 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
950 </indexterm>
951 </listitem>
952 </varlistentry>
953
954 <varlistentry id="telinit">
955 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
956 <listitem>
957 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
958 to</para>
959 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
960 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
961 </indexterm>
962 </listitem>
963 </varlistentry>
964
965 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
966 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
967 <listitem>
968 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
969 </para>
970 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
971 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
972 </indexterm>
973 </listitem>
974 </varlistentry>
975
976 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
977 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
978 <listitem>
979 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
980 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
981 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
982 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
983 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
984 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
985 </indexterm>
986 </listitem>
987 </varlistentry>
988
989 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
990 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
991 <listitem>
992 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
993 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
994 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
995 </indexterm>
996 </listitem>
997 </varlistentry>
998
999 <varlistentry id="libudev">
1000 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
1001 <listitem>
1002 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
1003 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
1004 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
1005 </indexterm>
1006 </listitem>
1007 </varlistentry>
1008
1009 </variablelist>
1010
1011 </sect2>
1012
1013</sect1>
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