source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 8495845

multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43
44 <para>First, fix a security issue in systemd-coredump:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&systemd-upstream-patch;</userinput></screen>
47
48
49 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
50 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
51 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
52 rules:</para>
53
54 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
55 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
56
57 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
60cd build
61
62meson --prefix=/usr \
63 --buildtype=release \
64 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
65 -Dfirstboot=false \
66 -Dinstall-tests=false \
67 -Dldconfig=false \
68 -Dsysusers=false \
69 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
70 -Dhomed=false \
71 -Duserdb=false \
72 -Dman=false \
73 -Dmode=release \
74 -Dpamconfdir=no \
75 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
76 ..</userinput></screen>
77
78 <variablelist>
79 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
80
81 <varlistentry>
82 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
83 <listitem>
84 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
85 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
86 binaries.</para>
87 </listitem>
88 </varlistentry>
89
90 <varlistentry>
91 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
92 <listitem>
93 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
94 </listitem>
95 </varlistentry>
96
97 <varlistentry>
98 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
99 <listitem>
100 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
101 services responsible for setting up the system for
102 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
103 everything is done manually.</para>
104 </listitem>
105 </varlistentry>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
111 </listitem>
112 </varlistentry>
113
114 <varlistentry>
115 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
116 <listitem>
117 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
118 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
119 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
120 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
121 </listitem>
122 </varlistentry>
123
124 <varlistentry>
125 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
126 <listitem>
127 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
128 services responsible for setting up the
129 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
130 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
131 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
132 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
133 </listitem>
134 </varlistentry>
135
136 <varlistentry>
137 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
138 <listitem>
139 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
140 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
141 </listitem>
142 </varlistentry>
143
144 <varlistentry>
145 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
146 <listitem>
147 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
148 within the scope of LFS.</para>
149 </listitem>
150 </varlistentry>
151
152 <varlistentry>
153 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
154 <listitem>
155 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
156 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
157 from a tarball.</para>
158 </listitem>
159 </varlistentry>
160
161 <varlistentry>
162 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
163 <listitem>
164 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
165 </para>
166 </listitem>
167 </varlistentry>
168
169 <varlistentry>
170 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
171 <listitem>
172 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
173 functional on LFS.</para>
174 </listitem>
175 </varlistentry>
176 </variablelist>
177
178 <para>Compile the package:</para>
179
180<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
181
182 <para>Install the package:</para>
183
184<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
187
188 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
189 component in the path. -->
190<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
191
192 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
193 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
196
197 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Disable two services for upgrading binary distros. They are useless for
202 a basic Linux system built from source, and each one will report an error if
203 it's enabled but not configured:</para>
204
205<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-sysupdate{,-reboot}</userinput></screen>
206
207<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
208 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
209<!--
210 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
211 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
212
213<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
214-->
215
216 </sect2>
217
218 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
219 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
220 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
221
222 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
223 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
224
225 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
226
227<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
228
229 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
230
231<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
232<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
233
234<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
235 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
236 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
237
238<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
239 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
240done</userinput></screen>
241-->
242
243 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
244
245 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
246CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
247CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
248LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
249meson --prefix=/usr \
250 --sysconfdir=/etc \
251 --localstatedir=/var \
252 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
253 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
254 -Dblkid=true \
255 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
256 -Dfirstboot=false \
257 -Dinstall-tests=false \
258 -Dldconfig=false \
259 -Dsysusers=false \
260 -Db_lto=false \
261 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
262 -Dhomed=false \
263 -Duserdb=false \
264 -Dman=false \
265 -Dmode=release \
266 ..</userinput></screen>
267
268 <para>Compile the package:</para>
269
270<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
271
272 <para>Install the package:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
275cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
276rm -rf DESTDIR
277rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
278
279 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
280
281 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
282 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
283 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
284
285 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
286 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
287
288 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
289
290<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
291
292 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
293
294<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
295<!--
296 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
299sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
300-->
301 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
302
303<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
304CC="gcc -mx32" \
305CXX="g++ -mx32" \
306CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
307CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
308LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
309meson --prefix=/usr \
310 --sysconfdir=/etc \
311 --localstatedir=/var \
312 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
313 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
314 -Dblkid=true \
315 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
316 -Dfirstboot=false \
317 -Dinstall-tests=false \
318 -Dldconfig=false \
319 -Dsysusers=false \
320 -Db_lto=false \
321 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
322 -Dhomed=false \
323 -Duserdb=false \
324 -Dman=false \
325 -Dmode=release \
326 ..</userinput></screen>
327
328 <para>Compile the package:</para>
329
330<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
331
332 <para>Install the package:</para>
333
334<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
335cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
336rm -rf DESTDIR
337rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
338
339 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
340
341 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
342 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
343
344 <segmentedlist>
345 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
346 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
347 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
348
349 <seglistitem>
350 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
351 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
352 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
353 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
354 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
355 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
356 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
357 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
358 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
359 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
360 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
361 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
362 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
363 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
364 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
365 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
366 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
367 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
368 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
369 and libudev.so</seg>
370 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,both
371 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
372 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
373 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
374 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
375 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
376 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
377 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
378 </seglistitem>
379 </segmentedlist>
380
381 <variablelist>
382 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
383 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
384 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
385
386 <varlistentry id="busctl">
387 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
388 <listitem>
389 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
390 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
391 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
392 </indexterm>
393 </listitem>
394 </varlistentry>
395
396 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
397 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
398 <listitem>
399 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
400 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
401 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
402 </indexterm>
403 </listitem>
404 </varlistentry>
405
406 <varlistentry id="halt">
407 <term><command>halt</command></term>
408 <listitem>
409 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
410 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
411 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
412 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
413 brought down</para>
414 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
415 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
416 </indexterm>
417 </listitem>
418 </varlistentry>
419
420 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
421 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
422 <listitem>
423 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
424 settings</para>
425 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
426 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
427 </indexterm>
428 </listitem>
429 </varlistentry>
430
431 <varlistentry id="init">
432 <term><command>init</command></term>
433 <listitem>
434 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
435 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
436 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
437 systemd</para>
438 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
439 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
440 </indexterm>
441 </listitem>
442 </varlistentry>
443
444 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
445 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
446 <listitem>
447 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
448 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
449 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
450 </indexterm>
451 </listitem>
452 </varlistentry>
453
454 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
455 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
456 <listitem>
457 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
458 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
459 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
460 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
461 </indexterm>
462 </listitem>
463 </varlistentry>
464
465 <varlistentry id="localectl">
466 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
467 <listitem>
468 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
469 settings</para>
470 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
471 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
472 </indexterm>
473 </listitem>
474 </varlistentry>
475
476 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
477 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
478 <listitem>
479 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
480 Manager</para>
481 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
482 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
483 </indexterm>
484 </listitem>
485 </varlistentry>
486
487 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
488 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
489 <listitem>
490 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
491 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
493 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
499 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
502 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
504 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
510 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
513 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
514 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
515 </indexterm>
516 </listitem>
517 </varlistentry>
518
519 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
520 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
521 <listitem>
522 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
523 system</para>
524 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
525 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
526 </indexterm>
527 </listitem>
528 </varlistentry>
529
530 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
531 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
532 <listitem>
533 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
534 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
535 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
536 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
537 </indexterm>
538 </listitem>
539 </varlistentry>
540
541 <varlistentry id="reboot">
542 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
543 <listitem>
544 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
545 <command>halt</command>)</para>
546 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
547 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
548 </indexterm>
549 </listitem>
550 </varlistentry>
551
552 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
553 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
554 <listitem>
555 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
556 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
557 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
558 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
559 </indexterm>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
564 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
565 <listitem>
566 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
567 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
568 DNS records, and services</para>
569 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
570 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
571 </indexterm>
572 </listitem>
573 </varlistentry>
574
575 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
576 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
577 <listitem>
578 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
579 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
580 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
581 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
582 </indexterm>
583 </listitem>
584 </varlistentry>
585
586 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
587 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
588 <listitem>
589 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
590 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
591 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
592 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
593 </indexterm>
594 </listitem>
595 </varlistentry>
596
597 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
598 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
599 <listitem>
600 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
601 and service manager</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
603 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
609 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
612 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
614 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
620 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
623 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
624 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
625 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
626 </indexterm>
627 </listitem>
628 </varlistentry>
629
630 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
631 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
632 <listitem>
633 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
634 with the systemd journal
635 </para>
636 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
637 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
638 </indexterm>
639 </listitem>
640 </varlistentry>
641
642 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
643 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
644 <listitem>
645 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
646 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
647 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
648 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
649 </indexterm>
650 </listitem>
651 </varlistentry>
652
653 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
654 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
655 <listitem>
656 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
657 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
658 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
659 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
660 </indexterm>
661 </listitem>
662 </varlistentry>
663
664 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
665 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
666 <listitem>
667 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
669 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
675 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
678 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
679 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
680 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
681 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
682 </indexterm>
683 </listitem>
684 </varlistentry>
685
686 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
687 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
688 <listitem>
689 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
690 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
692 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
698 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
702 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
708 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
711 names</para>
712 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
713 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
714 </indexterm>
715 </listitem>
716 </varlistentry>
717
718 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
719 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
720 <listitem>
721 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
722 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
723 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
724 </indexterm>
725 </listitem>
726 </varlistentry>
727
728 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
729 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
730 <listitem>
731 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
732 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
733 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
734 </indexterm>
735 </listitem>
736 </varlistentry>
737
738 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
739 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
740 <listitem>
741 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
742 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
743 until the process is completed</para>
744 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
745 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
746 </indexterm>
747 </listitem>
748 </varlistentry>
749
750 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
751 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
752 <listitem>
753 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
754 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
755 randomly generated ID</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
757 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
763 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
767 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
773 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
776 changes</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
778 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
784 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
787 container</para>
788 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
789 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
790 </indexterm>
791 </listitem>
792 </varlistentry>
793
794 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
795 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
796 <listitem>
797 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
799 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
805 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
808 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
810 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
816 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
819 resource records, and services</para>
820 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
821 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
822 </indexterm>
823 </listitem>
824 </varlistentry>
825
826 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
827 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
828 <listitem>
829 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
830 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
831 validating systemd units</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
833 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
839 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
842 a successful connection to the socket</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
844 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
850 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
854 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
860 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
863 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
864 specified in
865 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
867 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
873 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
876 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
877 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
878 </indexterm>
879 </listitem>
880 </varlistentry>
881
882 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
883 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
884 <listitem>
885 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
886 requests</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
888 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="telinit">
894 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
897 to</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
899 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
905 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
908 </para>
909 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
910 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
911 </indexterm>
912 </listitem>
913 </varlistentry>
914
915 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
916 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
917 <listitem>
918 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
919 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
920 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
921 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
922 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
923 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
924 </indexterm>
925 </listitem>
926 </varlistentry>
927
928 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
929 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
930 <listitem>
931 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
932 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
933 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
934 </indexterm>
935 </listitem>
936 </varlistentry>
937
938 <varlistentry id="libudev">
939 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
940 <listitem>
941 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
942 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
943 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
944 </indexterm>
945 </listitem>
946 </varlistentry>
947
948 </variablelist>
949
950 </sect2>
951
952</sect1>
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