source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ adcaa44d

multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
54cd build
55
56meson --prefix=/usr \
57 --buildtype=release \
58 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
59 -Dfirstboot=false \
60 -Dinstall-tests=false \
61 -Dldconfig=false \
62 -Dsysusers=false \
63 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
64 -Dhomed=false \
65 -Duserdb=false \
66 -Dman=false \
67 -Dmode=release \
68 -Dpamconfdir=no \
69 -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
70 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
71 ..</userinput></screen>
72
73 <variablelist>
74 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
75
76 <varlistentry>
77 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
78 <listitem>
79 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
80 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
81 binaries.</para>
82 </listitem>
83 </varlistentry>
84
85 <varlistentry>
86 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
87 <listitem>
88 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
89 </listitem>
90 </varlistentry>
91
92 <varlistentry>
93 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
94 <listitem>
95 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
96 services responsible for setting up the system for
97 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
98 everything is done manually.</para>
99 </listitem>
100 </varlistentry>
101
102 <varlistentry>
103 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
104 <listitem>
105 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
113 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
114 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
115 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
116 </listitem>
117 </varlistentry>
118
119 <varlistentry>
120 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
121 <listitem>
122 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
123 services responsible for setting up the
124 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
125 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
126 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
127 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
128 </listitem>
129 </varlistentry>
130
131 <varlistentry>
132 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
133 <listitem>
134 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
135 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
136 </listitem>
137 </varlistentry>
138
139 <varlistentry>
140 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
141 <listitem>
142 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
143 within the scope of LFS.</para>
144 </listitem>
145 </varlistentry>
146
147 <varlistentry>
148 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
149 <listitem>
150 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
151 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
152 from a tarball.</para>
153 </listitem>
154 </varlistentry>
155
156 <varlistentry>
157 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
158 <listitem>
159 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
160 </para>
161 </listitem>
162 </varlistentry>
163
164 <varlistentry>
165 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
166 <listitem>
167 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
168 functional on LFS.</para>
169 </listitem>
170 </varlistentry>
171
172 <varlistentry>
173 <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
174 <listitem>
175 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
176 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
177 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
178 </listitem>
179 </varlistentry>
180 </variablelist>
181
182 <para>Compile the package:</para>
183
184<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
185
186 <para>Install the package:</para>
187
188<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
189
190 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
191
192 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
193 component in the path. -->
194<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
195
196 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
197 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
202
203<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
204
205 <para>Disable two services for upgrading binary distros. They are useless for
206 a basic Linux system built from source, and each one will report an error if
207 it's enabled but not configured:</para>
208
209<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-sysupdate{,-reboot}</userinput></screen>
210
211<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
212 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
213<!--
214 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
215 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
216
217<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
218-->
219
220 </sect2>
221
222 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
223 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
224 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
225
226 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
227 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
228
229 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
230
231<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
232
233 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
234
235<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
236<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
237
238<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
239 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
240 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
241
242<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
243 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
244done</userinput></screen>
245-->
246
247 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
248
249 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
250CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
251CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
252LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
253meson --prefix=/usr \
254 --sysconfdir=/etc \
255 --localstatedir=/var \
256 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
257 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
258 -Dblkid=true \
259 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
260 -Dfirstboot=false \
261 -Dinstall-tests=false \
262 -Dldconfig=false \
263 -Dsysusers=false \
264 -Db_lto=false \
265 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
266 -Dhomed=false \
267 -Duserdb=false \
268 -Dman=false \
269 -Dmode=release \
270 ..</userinput></screen>
271
272 <para>Compile the package:</para>
273
274<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>Install the package:</para>
277
278<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
279cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
280rm -rf DESTDIR
281rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
282
283 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
284
285 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
286 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
287 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
288
289 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
290 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
291
292 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
293
294<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
295
296 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
299<!--
300 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
303sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
304-->
305 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
306
307<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
308CC="gcc -mx32" \
309CXX="g++ -mx32" \
310CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
311CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
312LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
313meson --prefix=/usr \
314 --sysconfdir=/etc \
315 --localstatedir=/var \
316 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
317 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
318 -Dblkid=true \
319 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
320 -Dfirstboot=false \
321 -Dinstall-tests=false \
322 -Dldconfig=false \
323 -Dsysusers=false \
324 -Db_lto=false \
325 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
326 -Dhomed=false \
327 -Duserdb=false \
328 -Dman=false \
329 -Dmode=release \
330 ..</userinput></screen>
331
332 <para>Compile the package:</para>
333
334<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
335
336 <para>Install the package:</para>
337
338<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
339cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
340rm -rf DESTDIR
341rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
342
343 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
344
345 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
346 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
347
348 <segmentedlist>
349 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
350 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
351 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
352
353 <seglistitem>
354 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
355 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
356 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
357 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
358 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
359 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
360 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
361 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
362 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
363 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
364 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
365 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
366 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
367 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
368 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
369 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
370 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
371 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
372 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
373 and libudev.so</seg>
374 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
375 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
376 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
377 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
378 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
379 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
380 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
381 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
382 </seglistitem>
383 </segmentedlist>
384
385 <variablelist>
386 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
387 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
388 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
389
390 <varlistentry id="busctl">
391 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
392 <listitem>
393 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
394 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
395 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
396 </indexterm>
397 </listitem>
398 </varlistentry>
399
400 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
401 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
402 <listitem>
403 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
404 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
405 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
406 </indexterm>
407 </listitem>
408 </varlistentry>
409
410 <varlistentry id="halt">
411 <term><command>halt</command></term>
412 <listitem>
413 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
414 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
415 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
416 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
417 brought down</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
419 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
425 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
428 settings</para>
429 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
430 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
431 </indexterm>
432 </listitem>
433 </varlistentry>
434
435 <varlistentry id="init">
436 <term><command>init</command></term>
437 <listitem>
438 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
439 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
440 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
441 systemd</para>
442 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
443 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
444 </indexterm>
445 </listitem>
446 </varlistentry>
447
448 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
449 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
450 <listitem>
451 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
452 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
453 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
454 </indexterm>
455 </listitem>
456 </varlistentry>
457
458 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
459 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
460 <listitem>
461 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
462 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
463 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
464 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
465 </indexterm>
466 </listitem>
467 </varlistentry>
468
469 <varlistentry id="localectl">
470 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
471 <listitem>
472 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
473 settings</para>
474 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
475 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
476 </indexterm>
477 </listitem>
478 </varlistentry>
479
480 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
481 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
482 <listitem>
483 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
484 Manager</para>
485 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
486 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
487 </indexterm>
488 </listitem>
489 </varlistentry>
490
491 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
492 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
493 <listitem>
494 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
495 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
496 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
497 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
498 </indexterm>
499 </listitem>
500 </varlistentry>
501
502 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
503 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
504 <listitem>
505 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
506 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
507 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
508 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
509 </indexterm>
510 </listitem>
511 </varlistentry>
512
513 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
514 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
515 <listitem>
516 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
517 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
518 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
519 </indexterm>
520 </listitem>
521 </varlistentry>
522
523 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
524 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
525 <listitem>
526 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
527 system</para>
528 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
529 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
530 </indexterm>
531 </listitem>
532 </varlistentry>
533
534 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
535 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
536 <listitem>
537 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
538 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
539 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
540 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
541 </indexterm>
542 </listitem>
543 </varlistentry>
544
545 <varlistentry id="reboot">
546 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
547 <listitem>
548 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
549 <command>halt</command>)</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
551 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
557 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
560 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
561 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
562 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
563 </indexterm>
564 </listitem>
565 </varlistentry>
566
567 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
568 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
569 <listitem>
570 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
571 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
572 DNS records, and services</para>
573 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
574 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
575 </indexterm>
576 </listitem>
577 </varlistentry>
578
579 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
580 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
581 <listitem>
582 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
583 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
584 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
585 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
586 </indexterm>
587 </listitem>
588 </varlistentry>
589
590 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
591 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
592 <listitem>
593 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
594 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
595 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
596 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
597 </indexterm>
598 </listitem>
599 </varlistentry>
600
601 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
602 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
603 <listitem>
604 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
605 and service manager</para>
606 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
607 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
608 </indexterm>
609 </listitem>
610 </varlistentry>
611
612 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
613 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
614 <listitem>
615 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
616 power source.</para>
617 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
618 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
619 </indexterm>
620 </listitem>
621 </varlistentry>
622
623 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
624 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
625 <listitem>
626 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
627 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
628 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
629 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
630 </indexterm>
631 </listitem>
632 </varlistentry>
633
634 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
635 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
636 <listitem>
637 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
638 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
639 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
640 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
641 </indexterm>
642 </listitem>
643 </varlistentry>
644
645 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
646 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
647 <listitem>
648 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
649 with the systemd journal
650 </para>
651 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
652 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
653 </indexterm>
654 </listitem>
655 </varlistentry>
656
657 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
658 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
659 <listitem>
660 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
661 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
662 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
663 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
664 </indexterm>
665 </listitem>
666 </varlistentry>
667
668 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
669 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
670 <listitem>
671 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
672 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
673 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
674 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
675 </indexterm>
676 </listitem>
677 </varlistentry>
678
679 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
680 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
681 <listitem>
682 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
683 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
684 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
685 </indexterm>
686 </listitem>
687 </varlistentry>
688
689 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
690 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
691 <listitem>
692 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
693 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
694 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
695 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
696 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
697 </indexterm>
698 </listitem>
699 </varlistentry>
700
701 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
702 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
703 <listitem>
704 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
705 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
706 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
707 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
708 </indexterm>
709 </listitem>
710 </varlistentry>
711
712 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
713 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
714 <listitem>
715 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
717 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
723 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
726 names</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
728 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
734 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
737 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
738 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
739 </indexterm>
740 </listitem>
741 </varlistentry>
742
743 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
744 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
745 <listitem>
746 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
747 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
748 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
749 </indexterm>
750 </listitem>
751 </varlistentry>
752
753 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
754 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
755 <listitem>
756 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
757 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
758 until the process is completed</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
760 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
766 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
769 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
770 randomly generated ID</para>
771 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
772 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
773 </indexterm>
774 </listitem>
775 </varlistentry>
776
777 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
778 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
779 <listitem>
780 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
781 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
782 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
783 </indexterm>
784 </listitem>
785 </varlistentry>
786
787 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
788 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
789 <listitem>
790 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
791 changes</para>
792 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
793 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
794 </indexterm>
795 </listitem>
796 </varlistentry>
797
798 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
799 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
800 <listitem>
801 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
802 container</para>
803 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
804 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
805 </indexterm>
806 </listitem>
807 </varlistentry>
808
809 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
810 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
811 <listitem>
812 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
813 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
814 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
815 </indexterm>
816 </listitem>
817 </varlistentry>
818
819 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
820 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
821 <listitem>
822 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
823 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
824 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
825 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
826 </indexterm>
827 </listitem>
828 </varlistentry>
829
830 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
831 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
832 <listitem>
833 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
834 resource records, and services</para>
835 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
836 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
837 </indexterm>
838 </listitem>
839 </varlistentry>
840
841 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
842 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
843 <listitem>
844 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
845 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
846 validating systemd units</para>
847 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
848 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
849 </indexterm>
850 </listitem>
851 </varlistentry>
852
853 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
854 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
855 <listitem>
856 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
857 a successful connection to the socket</para>
858 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
859 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
860 </indexterm>
861 </listitem>
862 </varlistentry>
863
864 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
865 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
866 <listitem>
867 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
868 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
869 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
870 </indexterm>
871 </listitem>
872 </varlistentry>
873
874 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
875 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
876 <listitem>
877 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
878 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
879 specified in
880 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
881 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
882 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
883 </indexterm>
884 </listitem>
885 </varlistentry>
886
887 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
888 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
889 <listitem>
890 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
891 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
892 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
893 </indexterm>
894 </listitem>
895 </varlistentry>
896
897 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
898 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
899 <listitem>
900 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
901 requests</para>
902 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
903 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
904 </indexterm>
905 </listitem>
906 </varlistentry>
907
908 <varlistentry id="telinit">
909 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
910 <listitem>
911 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
912 to</para>
913 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
914 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
915 </indexterm>
916 </listitem>
917 </varlistentry>
918
919 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
920 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
921 <listitem>
922 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
923 </para>
924 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
925 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
926 </indexterm>
927 </listitem>
928 </varlistentry>
929
930 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
931 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
932 <listitem>
933 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
934 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
935 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
936 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
937 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
938 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
939 </indexterm>
940 </listitem>
941 </varlistentry>
942
943 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
944 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
945 <listitem>
946 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
947 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
948 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
949 </indexterm>
950 </listitem>
951 </varlistentry>
952
953 <varlistentry id="libudev">
954 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
955 <listitem>
956 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
957 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
958 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
959 </indexterm>
960 </listitem>
961 </varlistentry>
962
963 </variablelist>
964
965 </sect2>
966
967</sect1>
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