source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ c931e9d

multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
52
53<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
54cd build
55
56meson setup \
57 --prefix=/usr \
58 --buildtype=release \
59 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
60 -Dfirstboot=false \
61 -Dinstall-tests=false \
62 -Dldconfig=false \
63 -Dsysusers=false \
64 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
65 -Dhomed=false \
66 -Duserdb=false \
67 -Dman=false \
68 -Dmode=release \
69 -Dpamconfdir=no \
70 -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
71 -Dnobody-group=nogroup \
72 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
73 ..</userinput></screen>
74
75 <variablelist>
76 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
77
78 <varlistentry>
79 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
80 <listitem>
81 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
82 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
83 binaries.</para>
84 </listitem>
85 </varlistentry>
86
87 <varlistentry>
88 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
89 <listitem>
90 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
91 </listitem>
92 </varlistentry>
93
94 <varlistentry>
95 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
96 <listitem>
97 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
98 services responsible for setting up the system for
99 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
100 everything is done manually.</para>
101 </listitem>
102 </varlistentry>
103
104 <varlistentry>
105 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
106 <listitem>
107 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
108 </listitem>
109 </varlistentry>
110
111 <varlistentry>
112 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
113 <listitem>
114 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
115 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
116 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
117 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
118 </listitem>
119 </varlistentry>
120
121 <varlistentry>
122 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
123 <listitem>
124 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
125 services responsible for setting up the
126 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
127 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
128 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
129 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
130 </listitem>
131 </varlistentry>
132
133 <varlistentry>
134 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
135 <listitem>
136 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
137 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
138 </listitem>
139 </varlistentry>
140
141 <varlistentry>
142 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
143 <listitem>
144 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
145 within the scope of LFS.</para>
146 </listitem>
147 </varlistentry>
148
149 <varlistentry>
150 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
151 <listitem>
152 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
153 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
154 from a tarball.</para>
155 </listitem>
156 </varlistentry>
157
158 <varlistentry>
159 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
160 <listitem>
161 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
162 </para>
163 </listitem>
164 </varlistentry>
165
166 <varlistentry>
167 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
168 <listitem>
169 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
170 functional on LFS.</para>
171 </listitem>
172 </varlistentry>
173
174 <varlistentry>
175 <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
176 <listitem>
177 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
178 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
179 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
180 </listitem>
181 </varlistentry>
182
183 <varlistentry>
184 <term><parameter>-Dnobody-group=nogroup</parameter></term>
185 <listitem>
186 <para>Tell the package the group name with GID 65534 is
187 <systemitem class='groupname'>nogroup</systemitem>.</para>
188 </listitem>
189 </varlistentry>
190 </variablelist>
191
192 <para>Compile the package:</para>
193
194<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
195
196 <para>Install the package:</para>
197
198<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
199
200 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
201
202 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
203 component in the path. -->
204<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz \
205 --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
206 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
207
208 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
209 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
210
211<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
212
213 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
214
215<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Disable two services for upgrading binary distros. They are useless for
218 a basic Linux system built from source, and each one will report an error if
219 it's enabled but not configured:</para>
220
221<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-sysupdate{,-reboot}</userinput></screen>
222
223<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
224 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
225<!--
226 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
227 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
230-->
231
232 </sect2>
233
234 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
235 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
236 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
237
238 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
239 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
240
241 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
242
243<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
246
247<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
248<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
249
250<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
251 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
252 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
253
254<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
255 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
256done</userinput></screen>
257-->
258
259 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
260
261 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
262CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
263CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
264LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
265meson --prefix=/usr \
266 --sysconfdir=/etc \
267 --localstatedir=/var \
268 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
269 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
270 -Dblkid=true \
271 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
272 -Dfirstboot=false \
273 -Dinstall-tests=false \
274 -Dldconfig=false \
275 -Dsysusers=false \
276 -Db_lto=false \
277 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
278 -Dhomed=false \
279 -Duserdb=false \
280 -Dman=false \
281 -Dmode=release \
282 ..</userinput></screen>
283
284 <para>Compile the package:</para>
285
286<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
287
288 <para>Install the package:</para>
289
290<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
291cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
292rm -rf DESTDIR
293rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
294
295 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
296
297 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
298 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
299 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
300
301 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
302 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
303
304 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
305
306<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
307
308 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
309
310<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
311<!--
312 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
313
314<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
315sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
316-->
317 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
318
319<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
320CC="gcc -mx32" \
321CXX="g++ -mx32" \
322CFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
323CXXFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
324LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
325meson --prefix=/usr \
326 --sysconfdir=/etc \
327 --localstatedir=/var \
328 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
329 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
330 -Dblkid=true \
331 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
332 -Dfirstboot=false \
333 -Dinstall-tests=false \
334 -Dldconfig=false \
335 -Dsysusers=false \
336 -Db_lto=false \
337 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
338 -Dhomed=false \
339 -Duserdb=false \
340 -Dman=false \
341 -Dmode=release \
342 ..</userinput></screen>
343
344 <para>Compile the package:</para>
345
346<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
347
348 <para>Install the package:</para>
349
350<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
351cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
352rm -rf DESTDIR
353rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
354
355 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
356
357 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
358 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
359
360 <segmentedlist>
361 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
362 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
363 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
364
365 <seglistitem>
366 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
367 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
368 machinectl, mount.ddi (symlink to systemd-dissect), networkctl,
369 oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
370 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
371 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
372 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
373 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
374 systemd-confext (symlink to systemd-sysext), systemd-creds,
375 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
376 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
377 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
378 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
379 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
380 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
381 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
382 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
383 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
384 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
385 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
386 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
387 and libudev.so</seg>
388 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
389 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
390 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
391 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
392 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
393 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
394 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
395 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
396 </seglistitem>
397 </segmentedlist>
398
399 <variablelist>
400 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
401 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
402 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
403
404 <varlistentry id="busctl">
405 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
406 <listitem>
407 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
408 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
409 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
410 </indexterm>
411 </listitem>
412 </varlistentry>
413
414 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
415 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
416 <listitem>
417 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
418 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
419 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
420 </indexterm>
421 </listitem>
422 </varlistentry>
423
424 <varlistentry id="halt">
425 <term><command>halt</command></term>
426 <listitem>
427 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
428 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
429 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
430 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
431 brought down</para>
432 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
433 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
434 </indexterm>
435 </listitem>
436 </varlistentry>
437
438 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
439 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
440 <listitem>
441 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
442 settings</para>
443 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
444 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
445 </indexterm>
446 </listitem>
447 </varlistentry>
448
449 <varlistentry id="init">
450 <term><command>init</command></term>
451 <listitem>
452 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
453 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
454 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
455 systemd</para>
456 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
457 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
458 </indexterm>
459 </listitem>
460 </varlistentry>
461
462 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
463 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
464 <listitem>
465 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
466 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
467 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
468 </indexterm>
469 </listitem>
470 </varlistentry>
471
472 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
473 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
474 <listitem>
475 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
476 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
477 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
478 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
479 </indexterm>
480 </listitem>
481 </varlistentry>
482
483 <varlistentry id="localectl">
484 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
485 <listitem>
486 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
487 settings</para>
488 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
489 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
490 </indexterm>
491 </listitem>
492 </varlistentry>
493
494 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
495 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
496 <listitem>
497 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
498 Manager</para>
499 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
500 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
501 </indexterm>
502 </listitem>
503 </varlistentry>
504
505 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
506 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
507 <listitem>
508 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
509 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
510 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
511 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
512 </indexterm>
513 </listitem>
514 </varlistentry>
515
516 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
517 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
518 <listitem>
519 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
520 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
521 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
522 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
523 </indexterm>
524 </listitem>
525 </varlistentry>
526
527 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
528 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
529 <listitem>
530 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
531 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
532 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
533 </indexterm>
534 </listitem>
535 </varlistentry>
536
537 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
538 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
539 <listitem>
540 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
541 system</para>
542 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
543 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
544 </indexterm>
545 </listitem>
546 </varlistentry>
547
548 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
549 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
550 <listitem>
551 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
552 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
553 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
554 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
555 </indexterm>
556 </listitem>
557 </varlistentry>
558
559 <varlistentry id="reboot">
560 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
561 <listitem>
562 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
563 <command>halt</command>)</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
565 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
571 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
574 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
575 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
576 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
577 </indexterm>
578 </listitem>
579 </varlistentry>
580
581 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
582 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
583 <listitem>
584 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
585 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
586 DNS records, and services</para>
587 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
588 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
589 </indexterm>
590 </listitem>
591 </varlistentry>
592
593 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
594 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
595 <listitem>
596 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
597 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
598 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
599 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
600 </indexterm>
601 </listitem>
602 </varlistentry>
603
604 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
605 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
606 <listitem>
607 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
608 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
609 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
610 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
611 </indexterm>
612 </listitem>
613 </varlistentry>
614
615 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
616 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
617 <listitem>
618 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
619 and service manager</para>
620 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
621 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
622 </indexterm>
623 </listitem>
624 </varlistentry>
625
626 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
627 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
628 <listitem>
629 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
630 power source.</para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
632 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
638 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
641 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
642 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
643 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
644 </indexterm>
645 </listitem>
646 </varlistentry>
647
648 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
649 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
650 <listitem>
651 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
652 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
654 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
660 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
663 with the systemd journal
664 </para>
665 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
666 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
667 </indexterm>
668 </listitem>
669 </varlistentry>
670
671 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
672 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
673 <listitem>
674 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
675 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
676 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
677 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
678 </indexterm>
679 </listitem>
680 </varlistentry>
681
682 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
683 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
684 <listitem>
685 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
686 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
687 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
688 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
689 </indexterm>
690 </listitem>
691 </varlistentry>
692
693 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
694 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
695 <listitem>
696 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
697 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
698 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
699 </indexterm>
700 </listitem>
701 </varlistentry>
702
703 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
704 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
705 <listitem>
706 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
707 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
708 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
709 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
710 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
711 </indexterm>
712 </listitem>
713 </varlistentry>
714
715 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
716 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
717 <listitem>
718 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
719 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
720 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
721 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
722 </indexterm>
723 </listitem>
724 </varlistentry>
725
726 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
727 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
728 <listitem>
729 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
730 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
731 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
732 </indexterm>
733 </listitem>
734 </varlistentry>
735
736 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
737 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
738 <listitem>
739 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
740 names</para>
741 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
742 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
743 </indexterm>
744 </listitem>
745 </varlistentry>
746
747 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
748 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
749 <listitem>
750 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
752 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
758 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
761 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
762 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
763 </indexterm>
764 </listitem>
765 </varlistentry>
766
767 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
768 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
769 <listitem>
770 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
771 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
772 until the process is completed</para>
773 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
774 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
775 </indexterm>
776 </listitem>
777 </varlistentry>
778
779 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
780 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
781 <listitem>
782 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
783 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
784 randomly generated ID</para>
785 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
786 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
787 </indexterm>
788 </listitem>
789 </varlistentry>
790
791 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
792 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
793 <listitem>
794 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
795 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
796 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
797 </indexterm>
798 </listitem>
799 </varlistentry>
800
801 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
802 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
803 <listitem>
804 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
805 changes</para>
806 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
807 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
808 </indexterm>
809 </listitem>
810 </varlistentry>
811
812 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
813 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
814 <listitem>
815 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
816 container</para>
817 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
818 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
819 </indexterm>
820 </listitem>
821 </varlistentry>
822
823 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
824 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
825 <listitem>
826 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
828 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
834 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
837 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
839 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
845 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
848 resource records, and services</para>
849 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
850 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
851 </indexterm>
852 </listitem>
853 </varlistentry>
854
855 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
856 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
857 <listitem>
858 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
859 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
860 validating systemd units</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
862 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
868 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
871 a successful connection to the socket</para>
872 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
873 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
874 </indexterm>
875 </listitem>
876 </varlistentry>
877
878 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
879 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
880 <listitem>
881 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
883 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
889 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
892 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
893 specified in
894 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
895 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
896 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
897 </indexterm>
898 </listitem>
899 </varlistentry>
900
901 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
902 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
903 <listitem>
904 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
905 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
906 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
907 </indexterm>
908 </listitem>
909 </varlistentry>
910
911 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
912 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
913 <listitem>
914 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
915 requests</para>
916 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
917 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
918 </indexterm>
919 </listitem>
920 </varlistentry>
921
922 <varlistentry id="telinit">
923 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
924 <listitem>
925 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
926 to</para>
927 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
928 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
929 </indexterm>
930 </listitem>
931 </varlistentry>
932
933 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
934 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
935 <listitem>
936 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
937 </para>
938 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
939 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
940 </indexterm>
941 </listitem>
942 </varlistentry>
943
944 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
945 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
946 <listitem>
947 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
948 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
949 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
950 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
951 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
952 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
953 </indexterm>
954 </listitem>
955 </varlistentry>
956
957 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
958 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
959 <listitem>
960 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
962 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 <varlistentry id="libudev">
968 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
969 <listitem>
970 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
971 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
972 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
973 </indexterm>
974 </listitem>
975 </varlistentry>
976
977 </variablelist>
978
979 </sect2>
980
981</sect1>
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