source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ e9a3e8f

multilib-10.1
Last change on this file since e9a3e8f was e9a3e8f, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 4 years ago

Merge changes from trunk to multilib

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43<!--
44 <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10 and fix a segfault:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-2.patch</userinput></screen>
47-->
48
49 <para>Create a symlink to work around the xsltproc command not being installed:</para>
50
51<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
52
53 <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
56
57 <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
58
59<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '177,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
60
61 <para>Remove an unneeded group,
62 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
63 rules:</para>
64
65<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
66
67 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
68
69<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
70cd build
71
72LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
73meson --prefix=/usr \
74 --sysconfdir=/etc \
75 --localstatedir=/var \
76 -Dblkid=true \
77 -Dbuildtype=release \
78 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
79 -Dfirstboot=false \
80 -Dinstall-tests=false \
81 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
82 -Dldconfig=false \
83 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
84 -Drootprefix= \
85 -Drootlibdir=/lib \
86 -Dsplit-usr=true \
87 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
88 -Dsysusers=false \
89 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
90 -Db_lto=false \
91 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
92 -Dhomed=false \
93 -Duserdb=false \
94 -Dman=true \
95 ..</userinput></screen>
96
97 <variablelist>
98 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
99
100 <varlistentry>
101 <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
102 <listitem>
103 <para>These switches provide the location of binaries needed by
104 systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed.</para>
105 </listitem>
106 </varlistentry>
107
108 <varlistentry>
109 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
110 <listitem>
111 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 <varlistentry>
116 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
117 <listitem>
118 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
119 services responsible for setting up the system for
120 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
121 everything is done manually.</para>
122 </listitem>
123 </varlistentry>
124
125 <varlistentry>
126 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
127 <listitem>
128 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
136 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
137 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
138 if the described feature is desired.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 <varlistentry>
143 <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
144 <listitem>
145 <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
146 shared libraries are installed in subdirectories
147 of the root partition.</para>
148 </listitem>
149 </varlistentry>
150
151 <varlistentry>
152 <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
155 systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
156 symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
157 </listitem>
158 </varlistentry>
159
160 <varlistentry>
161 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
162 <listitem>
163 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
164 services responsible for setting up the
165 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
166 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
167 were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 <varlistentry>
172 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
173 <listitem>
174 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
175 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
176 </listitem>
177 </varlistentry>
178
179 <varlistentry>
180 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
181 <listitem>
182 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
183 the scope of LFS.</para>
184 </listitem>
185 </varlistentry>
186
187 </variablelist>
188
189 <para>Compile the package:</para>
190
191<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
192
193 <para>Install the package:</para>
194
195<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
196
197 <para>Remove an unnecessary symbolic link:</para>
198
199<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
200
201 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
202 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
203
204<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
205
206 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
207
208<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
209
210 <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
211 use a network configuration other than what is provided by
212 systemd-networkd:</para>
213 <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
214
215<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
216
217 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
218 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
219
220<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
221
222 </sect2>
223
224 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
225 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
226 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
227
228 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
229 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
230
231 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
234
235 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
236
237<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
238<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
239
240<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
241 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
242 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
243
244<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
245 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
246done</userinput></screen>
247-->
248
249 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
250
251 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-m32;/pkgconfig" \
252CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
253CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
254LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
255meson --prefix=/usr \
256 --sysconfdir=/etc \
257 --localstatedir=/var \
258 -Dblkid=true \
259 -Dbuildtype=release \
260 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
261 -Dfirstboot=false \
262 -Dinstall-tests=false \
263 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
264 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
265 -Dldconfig=false \
266 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
267 -Drootprefix= \
268 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-m32; \
269 -Dsplit-usr=true \
270 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
271 -Dsysusers=false \
272 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
273 -Db_lto=false \
274 ..</userinput></screen>
275
276 <para>Compile the package:</para>
277
278<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
279
280 <para>Install the package:</para>
281
282<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
283cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
284rm -rf DESTDIR
285rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
286
287 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
288
289 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
290 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
291 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
292
293 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
294 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
295
296 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
297
298<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
299
300 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
301
302<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
303
304 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
305
306<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
307sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
308
309 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
310
311<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="&usr-lib-mx32;/pkgconfig" \
312CC="gcc -mx32" \
313CXX="g++ -mx32" \
314CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
315CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
316LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
317meson --prefix=/usr \
318 --sysconfdir=/etc \
319 --localstatedir=/var \
320 -Dblkid=true \
321 -Dbuildtype=release \
322 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
323 -Dfirstboot=false \
324 -Dinstall-tests=false \
325 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
326 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
327 -Dldconfig=false \
328 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
329 -Drootprefix= \
330 -Drootlibdir=&usr-lib-mx32; \
331 -Dsplit-usr=true \
332 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
333 -Dsysusers=false \
334 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
335 -Db_lto=false \
336 ..</userinput></screen>
337
338 <para>Compile the package:</para>
339
340<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
341
342 <para>Install the package:</para>
343
344<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
345cp -Rv DESTDIR&usr-lib-m32;/* &usr-lib-m32;
346rm -rf DESTDIR
347rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
348
349 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
350
351 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
352 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
353
354 <segmentedlist>
355 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
356 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
357 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
358
359 <seglistitem>
360 <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
361 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
362 machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
363 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
364 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
365 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
366 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
367 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
368 systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
369 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
370 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
371 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
372 systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
373 systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
374 udevadm</seg>
375 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
376 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
377 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
378 and libudev.so</seg>
379 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
380 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
381 /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
382 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
383 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
384 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
385 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
386 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
387 </seglistitem>
388 </segmentedlist>
389
390 <variablelist>
391 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
392 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
393 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
394
395 <varlistentry id="bootctl">
396 <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
397 <listitem>
398 <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
399 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
400 <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
401 </indexterm>
402 </listitem>
403 </varlistentry>
404
405 <varlistentry id="busctl">
406 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
407 <listitem>
408 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
410 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
416 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
419 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
420 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
421 </indexterm>
422 </listitem>
423 </varlistentry>
424
425 <varlistentry id="halt">
426 <term><command>halt</command></term>
427 <listitem>
428 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
429 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
430 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
431 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
432 brought down</para>
433 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
434 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436 </listitem>
437 </varlistentry>
438
439 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
440 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
441 <listitem>
442 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
443 settings</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
445 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="init">
451 <term><command>init</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
454 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
455 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
456 systemd.</para>
457 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
458 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
459 </indexterm>
460 </listitem>
461 </varlistentry>
462
463 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
464 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
465 <listitem>
466 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
467 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
468 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
469 </indexterm>
470 </listitem>
471 </varlistentry>
472
473 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
474 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
475 <listitem>
476 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
477 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually.</para>
478 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
479 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
480 </indexterm>
481 </listitem>
482 </varlistentry>
483
484 <varlistentry id="localectl">
485 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
486 <listitem>
487 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
488 settings</para>
489 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
490 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
491 </indexterm>
492 </listitem>
493 </varlistentry>
494
495 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
496 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
497 <listitem>
498 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
499 Manager</para>
500 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
501 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
502 </indexterm>
503 </listitem>
504 </varlistentry>
505
506 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
507 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
508 <listitem>
509 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
510 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
511 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
512 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
513 </indexterm>
514 </listitem>
515 </varlistentry>
516
517 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
518 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
519 <listitem>
520 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
521 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
522 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
523 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
524 </indexterm>
525 </listitem>
526 </varlistentry>
527
528 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
529 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
530 <listitem>
531 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
532 system</para>
533 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
534 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
535 </indexterm>
536 </listitem>
537 </varlistentry>
538
539 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
540 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
541 <listitem>
542 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
543 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
544 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
545 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
546 </indexterm>
547 </listitem>
548 </varlistentry>
549
550 <varlistentry id="reboot">
551 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
552 <listitem>
553 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
554 <command>halt</command>)</para>
555 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
556 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
557 </indexterm>
558 </listitem>
559 </varlistentry>
560
561 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
562 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
563 <listitem>
564 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
565 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
566 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
567 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
568 </indexterm>
569 </listitem>
570 </varlistentry>
571
572 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
573 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
574 <listitem>
575 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
576 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
577 DNS records, and services.</para>
578 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
579 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
580 </indexterm>
581 </listitem>
582 </varlistentry>
583
584 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
585 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
586 <listitem>
587 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
588 last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
589 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
590 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
591 </indexterm>
592 </listitem>
593 </varlistentry>
594
595 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
596 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
597 <listitem>
598 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
599 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
600 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
601 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
602 </indexterm>
603 </listitem>
604 </varlistentry>
605
606 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
607 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
608 <listitem>
609 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
610 and service manager</para>
611 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
612 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
613 </indexterm>
614 </listitem>
615 </varlistentry>
616
617 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
618 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
619 <listitem>
620 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
621 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
623 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
629 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
632 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
633 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
634 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
635 </indexterm>
636 </listitem>
637 </varlistentry>
638
639 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
640 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
641 <listitem>
642 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
643 with the systemd journal.
644 </para>
645 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
646 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
647 </indexterm>
648 </listitem>
649 </varlistentry>
650
651 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
652 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
653 <listitem>
654 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
655 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
656 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
657 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
658 </indexterm>
659 </listitem>
660 </varlistentry>
661
662 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
663 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
664 <listitem>
665 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
666 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
667 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
668 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
669 </indexterm>
670 </listitem>
671 </varlistentry>
672
673 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
674 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
675 <listitem>
676 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
677 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
678 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
680 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
686 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
689 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly.</para>
690 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
691 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
692 </indexterm>
693 </listitem>
694 </varlistentry>
695
696 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
697 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
698 <listitem>
699 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
700 names</para>
701 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
702 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
703 </indexterm>
704 </listitem>
705 </varlistentry>
706
707 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
708 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
709 <listitem>
710 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
711 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
712 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
713 </indexterm>
714 </listitem>
715 </varlistentry>
716
717 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
718 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
719 <listitem>
720 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
721 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
722 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
723 </indexterm>
724 </listitem>
725 </varlistentry>
726
727 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
728 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
729 <listitem>
730 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
731 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
732 until the process is completed.</para>
733 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
734 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
735 </indexterm>
736 </listitem>
737 </varlistentry>
738
739 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
740 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
741 <listitem>
742 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
743 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
744 randomly generated ID</para>
745 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
746 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
747 </indexterm>
748 </listitem>
749 </varlistentry>
750
751 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
752 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
753 <listitem>
754 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks.</para>
755 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
756 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
757 </indexterm>
758 </listitem>
759 </varlistentry>
760
761 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
762 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
763 <listitem>
764 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
765 changes</para>
766 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
767 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
768 </indexterm>
769 </listitem>
770 </varlistentry>
771
772 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
773 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
774 <listitem>
775 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
776 container</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
778 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
784 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
788 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
794 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
797 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container).</para>
798 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
799 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
800 </indexterm>
801 </listitem>
802 </varlistentry>
803
804 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
805 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
806 <listitem>
807 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
808 resource records, and services</para>
809 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
810 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
811 </indexterm>
812 </listitem>
813 </varlistentry>
814
815 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
816 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
817 <listitem>
818 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
819 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
820 validating systemd units.</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
822 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
828 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
831 a successful connection to the socket.</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
833 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
839 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
842 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
843 specified in
844 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
845 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
846 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
847 </indexterm>
848 </listitem>
849 </varlistentry>
850
851 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
852 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
853 <listitem>
854 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
855 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
856 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
857 </indexterm>
858 </listitem>
859 </varlistentry>
860
861 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
862 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
863 <listitem>
864 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
865 requests</para>
866 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
867 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
868 </indexterm>
869 </listitem>
870 </varlistentry>
871
872 <varlistentry id="telinit">
873 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
874 <listitem>
875 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
876 to</para>
877 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
878 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
879 </indexterm>
880 </listitem>
881 </varlistentry>
882
883 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
884 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
885 <listitem>
886 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
887 </para>
888 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
889 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
890 </indexterm>
891 </listitem>
892 </varlistentry>
893
894 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
895 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
896 <listitem>
897 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
898 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
899 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
900 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
901 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
902 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
903 </indexterm>
904 </listitem>
905 </varlistentry>
906
907 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
908 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
909 <listitem>
910 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
911 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
912 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
913 </indexterm>
914 </listitem>
915 </varlistentry>
916
917 <varlistentry id="libudev">
918 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
919 <listitem>
920 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
922 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 </variablelist>
928
929 </sect2>
930
931</sect1>
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