source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ f7cac90f

multilib
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>First, apply a patch to fix a security vulnerability and regressions
44 with hostnames and idle units:</para>
45
46<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-upstream_fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
47
48 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
49 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
50 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
51 rules:</para>
52
53 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
54 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
55
56 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
59cd build
60
61meson --prefix=/usr \
62 --sysconfdir=/etc \
63 --localstatedir=/var \
64 --buildtype=release \
65 -Dblkid=true \
66 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
67 -Dfirstboot=false \
68 -Dinstall-tests=false \
69 -Dldconfig=false \
70 -Dsysusers=false \
71 -Db_lto=false \
72 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
73 -Dhomed=false \
74 -Duserdb=false \
75 -Dman=false \
76 -Dmode=release \
77 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
78 ..</userinput></screen>
79
80 <variablelist>
81 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
82
83 <varlistentry>
84 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
85 <listitem>
86 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
87 (<quote>debug</quote>), which would produce unoptimized
88 binaries.</para>
89 </listitem>
90 </varlistentry>
91
92 <varlistentry>
93 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
94 <listitem>
95 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
96 </listitem>
97 </varlistentry>
98
99 <varlistentry>
100 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
101 <listitem>
102 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
103 services responsible for setting up the system for
104 the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
105 everything is done manually.</para>
106 </listitem>
107 </varlistentry>
108
109 <varlistentry>
110 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
111 <listitem>
112 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
113 </listitem>
114 </varlistentry>
115
116 <varlistentry>
117 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
118 <listitem>
119 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
120 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
121 distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
122 if the described feature is desired.</para>
123 </listitem>
124 </varlistentry>
125
126 <varlistentry>
127 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
128 <listitem>
129 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
130 services responsible for setting up the
131 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
132 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
133 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
134 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
135 </listitem>
136 </varlistentry>
137
138 <varlistentry>
139 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
140 <listitem>
141 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
142 for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
143 </listitem>
144 </varlistentry>
145
146 <varlistentry>
147 <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
148 <listitem>
149 <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
150 the scope of LFS.</para>
151 </listitem>
152 </varlistentry>
153
154 <varlistentry>
155 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
156 <listitem>
157 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
158 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
159 from a tarball later.</para>
160 </listitem>
161 </varlistentry>
162
163 <varlistentry>
164 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
165 <listitem>
166 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
167 </para>
168 </listitem>
169 </varlistentry>
170
171 </variablelist>
172
173 <para>Compile the package:</para>
174
175<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
176
177 <para>Install the package:</para>
178
179<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
180
181 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
182
183<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-man-version;.tar.xz --strip-components=1 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
184
185 <para>Remove a useless directory:</para>
186
187<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -rf /usr/lib/pam.d</userinput></screen>
188
189 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
190 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
191
192<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
193
194 <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
195
196<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
197
198<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
199 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
200<!--
201 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
202 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
203
204<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
205-->
206
207 </sect2>
208
209 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
210 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
211 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
212
213 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
214 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
215
216 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
221
222<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
223<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
224
225<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
226 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
227 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
228
229<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
230 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
231done</userinput></screen>
232-->
233
234 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
235
236 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
237CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
238CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
239LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
240meson --prefix=/usr \
241 --sysconfdir=/etc \
242 --localstatedir=/var \
243 -Dblkid=true \
244 -Dbuildtype=release \
245 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
246 -Dfirstboot=false \
247 -Dinstall-tests=false \
248 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
249 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
250 -Dldconfig=false \
251 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
252 -Drootprefix= \
253 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
254 -Dsplit-usr=true \
255 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
256 -Dsysusers=false \
257 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
258 -Db_lto=false \
259 ..</userinput></screen>
260
261 <para>Compile the package:</para>
262
263<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
264
265 <para>Install the package:</para>
266
267<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
268cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
269rm -rf DESTDIR
270rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
271
272 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
273
274 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
275 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
276 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
277
278 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
279 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
280
281 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
282
283<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
284
285 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
286
287<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
288
289 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
290
291<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
292sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
293
294 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
295
296<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
297CC="gcc -mx32" \
298CXX="g++ -mx32" \
299CFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
300CXXFLAGS+="-Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
301LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
302meson --prefix=/usr \
303 --sysconfdir=/etc \
304 --localstatedir=/var \
305 -Dblkid=true \
306 -Dbuildtype=release \
307 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
308 -Dfirstboot=false \
309 -Dinstall-tests=false \
310 -Dkill-path=/bin/kill \
311 -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
312 -Dldconfig=false \
313 -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
314 -Drootprefix= \
315 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
316 -Dsplit-usr=true \
317 -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
318 -Dsysusers=false \
319 -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
320 -Db_lto=false \
321 ..</userinput></screen>
322
323 <para>Compile the package:</para>
324
325<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
326
327 <para>Install the package:</para>
328
329<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
330cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
331rm -rf DESTDIR
332rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
333
334 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
335
336 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
337 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
338
339 <segmentedlist>
340 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
341 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
342 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
343
344 <seglistitem>
345 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
346 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
347 machinectl, networkctl, oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
348 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
349 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
350 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
351 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
352 systemd-creds, systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
353 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
354 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
355 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
356 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
357 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
358 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
359 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
360 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
361 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
362 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
363 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
364 and libudev.so</seg>
365 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
366 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
367 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
368 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
369 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
370 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
371 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
372 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
373 </seglistitem>
374 </segmentedlist>
375
376 <variablelist>
377 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
378 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
379 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
380
381 <varlistentry id="busctl">
382 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
383 <listitem>
384 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
385 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
386 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
387 </indexterm>
388 </listitem>
389 </varlistentry>
390
391 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
392 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
393 <listitem>
394 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
395 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
396 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
397 </indexterm>
398 </listitem>
399 </varlistentry>
400
401 <varlistentry id="halt">
402 <term><command>halt</command></term>
403 <listitem>
404 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
405 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
406 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
407 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
408 brought down</para>
409 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
410 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
411 </indexterm>
412 </listitem>
413 </varlistentry>
414
415 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
416 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
417 <listitem>
418 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
419 settings</para>
420 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
421 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
422 </indexterm>
423 </listitem>
424 </varlistentry>
425
426 <varlistentry id="init">
427 <term><command>init</command></term>
428 <listitem>
429 <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
430 the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
431 processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
432 systemd</para>
433 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
434 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436 </listitem>
437 </varlistentry>
438
439 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
440 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
441 <listitem>
442 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
443 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
444 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
445 </indexterm>
446 </listitem>
447 </varlistentry>
448
449 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
450 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
451 <listitem>
452 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
453 from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually</para>
454 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
455 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
456 </indexterm>
457 </listitem>
458 </varlistentry>
459
460 <varlistentry id="localectl">
461 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
462 <listitem>
463 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
464 settings</para>
465 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
466 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
467 </indexterm>
468 </listitem>
469 </varlistentry>
470
471 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
472 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
473 <listitem>
474 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
475 Manager</para>
476 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
477 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
478 </indexterm>
479 </listitem>
480 </varlistentry>
481
482 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
483 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
484 <listitem>
485 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
486 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
487 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
488 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
489 </indexterm>
490 </listitem>
491 </varlistentry>
492
493 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
494 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
495 <listitem>
496 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
497 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
498 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
499 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
500 </indexterm>
501 </listitem>
502 </varlistentry>
503
504 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
505 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
506 <listitem>
507 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
508 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
509 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
510 </indexterm>
511 </listitem>
512 </varlistentry>
513
514 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
515 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
518 system</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
520 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
526 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
529 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
530 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
531 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
532 </indexterm>
533 </listitem>
534 </varlistentry>
535
536 <varlistentry id="reboot">
537 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
538 <listitem>
539 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
540 <command>halt</command>)</para>
541 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
542 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
543 </indexterm>
544 </listitem>
545 </varlistentry>
546
547 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
548 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
549 <listitem>
550 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
551 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
552 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
553 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
554 </indexterm>
555 </listitem>
556 </varlistentry>
557
558 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
559 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
560 <listitem>
561 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
562 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
563 DNS records, and services</para>
564 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
565 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
566 </indexterm>
567 </listitem>
568 </varlistentry>
569
570 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
571 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
572 <listitem>
573 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
574 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
575 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
576 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
577 </indexterm>
578 </listitem>
579 </varlistentry>
580
581 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
582 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
583 <listitem>
584 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
585 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
586 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
587 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
588 </indexterm>
589 </listitem>
590 </varlistentry>
591
592 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
593 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
594 <listitem>
595 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
596 and service manager</para>
597 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
598 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
599 </indexterm>
600 </listitem>
601 </varlistentry>
602
603 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
604 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
605 <listitem>
606 <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
607 boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
608 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
609 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
610 </indexterm>
611 </listitem>
612 </varlistentry>
613
614 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
615 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
616 <listitem>
617 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
618 using a question message specified on the command line</para>
619 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
620 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
621 </indexterm>
622 </listitem>
623 </varlistentry>
624
625 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
626 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
627 <listitem>
628 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
629 with the systemd journal
630 </para>
631 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
632 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
633 </indexterm>
634 </listitem>
635 </varlistentry>
636
637 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
638 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
639 <listitem>
640 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
641 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
642 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
643 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
644 </indexterm>
645 </listitem>
646 </varlistentry>
647
648 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
649 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
650 <listitem>
651 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
652 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
653 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
654 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
655 </indexterm>
656 </listitem>
657 </varlistentry>
658
659 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
660 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
661 <listitem>
662 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
663 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
664 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
665 </indexterm>
666 </listitem>
667 </varlistentry>
668
669 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
670 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
671 <listitem>
672 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
673 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
674 counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
675 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
676 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
677 </indexterm>
678 </listitem>
679 </varlistentry>
680
681 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
682 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
683 <listitem>
684 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
685 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
686 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
687 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
688 </indexterm>
689 </listitem>
690 </varlistentry>
691
692 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
693 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
694 <listitem>
695 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
696 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
697 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
698 </indexterm>
699 </listitem>
700 </varlistentry>
701
702 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
703 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
704 <listitem>
705 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
706 names</para>
707 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
708 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
709 </indexterm>
710 </listitem>
711 </varlistentry>
712
713 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
714 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
715 <listitem>
716 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
717 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
718 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
719 </indexterm>
720 </listitem>
721 </varlistentry>
722
723 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
724 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
725 <listitem>
726 <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
727 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
728 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
729 </indexterm>
730 </listitem>
731 </varlistentry>
732
733 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
734 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
735 <listitem>
736 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
737 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
738 until the process is completed</para>
739 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
740 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
741 </indexterm>
742 </listitem>
743 </varlistentry>
744
745 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
746 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
747 <listitem>
748 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
749 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
750 randomly generated ID</para>
751 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
752 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
753 </indexterm>
754 </listitem>
755 </varlistentry>
756
757 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
758 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
759 <listitem>
760 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
761 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
762 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
763 </indexterm>
764 </listitem>
765 </varlistentry>
766
767 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
768 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
769 <listitem>
770 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
771 changes</para>
772 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
773 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
774 </indexterm>
775 </listitem>
776 </varlistentry>
777
778 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
779 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
780 <listitem>
781 <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
782 container</para>
783 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
784 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
785 </indexterm>
786 </listitem>
787 </varlistentry>
788
789 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
790 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
791 <listitem>
792 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
793 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
794 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
795 </indexterm>
796 </listitem>
797 </varlistentry>
798
799 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
800 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
801 <listitem>
802 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
803 systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
804 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
805 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
806 </indexterm>
807 </listitem>
808 </varlistentry>
809
810 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
811 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
812 <listitem>
813 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
814 resource records, and services</para>
815 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
816 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
817 </indexterm>
818 </listitem>
819 </varlistentry>
820
821 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
822 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
823 <listitem>
824 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
825 unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
826 validating systemd units</para>
827 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
828 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
829 </indexterm>
830 </listitem>
831 </varlistentry>
832
833 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
834 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
835 <listitem>
836 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
837 a successful connection to the socket</para>
838 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
839 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
840 </indexterm>
841 </listitem>
842 </varlistentry>
843
844 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
845 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
846 <listitem>
847 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
848 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
849 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
850 </indexterm>
851 </listitem>
852 </varlistentry>
853
854 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
855 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
856 <listitem>
857 <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
858 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
859 specified in
860 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
861 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
862 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
863 </indexterm>
864 </listitem>
865 </varlistentry>
866
867 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
868 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
869 <listitem>
870 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
871 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
872 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
873 </indexterm>
874 </listitem>
875 </varlistentry>
876
877 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
878 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
879 <listitem>
880 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
881 requests</para>
882 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
883 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
884 </indexterm>
885 </listitem>
886 </varlistentry>
887
888 <varlistentry id="telinit">
889 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
890 <listitem>
891 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
892 to</para>
893 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
894 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
895 </indexterm>
896 </listitem>
897 </varlistentry>
898
899 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
900 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
901 <listitem>
902 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
903 </para>
904 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
905 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
906 </indexterm>
907 </listitem>
908 </varlistentry>
909
910 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
911 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
912 <listitem>
913 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
914 daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
915 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
916 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
917 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
918 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
919 </indexterm>
920 </listitem>
921 </varlistentry>
922
923 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
924 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
925 <listitem>
926 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
927 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
928 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
929 </indexterm>
930 </listitem>
931 </varlistentry>
932
933 <varlistentry id="libudev">
934 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
935 <listitem>
936 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
937 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
938 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
939 </indexterm>
940 </listitem>
941 </varlistentry>
942
943 </variablelist>
944
945 </sect2>
946
947</sect1>
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