Changeset 69993f4 for chapter08


Ignore:
Timestamp:
08/29/2004 06:36:34 PM (20 years ago)
Author:
Gerard Beekmans <gerard@…>
Branches:
6.0
Children:
8b320e7
Parents:
ec0a37e6
Message:

Second round of edits for final release

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/branches/testing/BOOK@4066 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

Location:
chapter08
Files:
5 edited

Legend:

Unmodified
Added
Removed

  • chapter08/chapter08.xml

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    66<chapter id="chapter-bootable" xreflabel="Chapter 8">
    77<?dbhtml dir="chapter08"?>
    8 <title>Making the LFS system bootable</title>
     8<title>Making the LFS System Bootable</title>
    99<?dbhtml filename="chapter08.html"?>
    1010

  • chapter08/fstab.xml

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    55]>
    66<sect1 id="ch-bootable-fstab">
    7 <title>Creating the /etc/fstab file</title>
     7<title>Creating the /etc/fstab File</title>
    88<?dbhtml filename="fstab.html"?>
    99
    … …  
    3030
    3131<para>Replace <replaceable>[xxx]</replaceable>,
    32 <replaceable>[yyy]</replaceable> and <replaceable>[fff]</replaceable>
    33 with the values appropriate for the system. For example, <filename
     32<replaceable>[yyy]</replaceable>, and <replaceable>[fff]</replaceable>
     33with the values appropriate for the system, for example, <filename
    3434class="partition">hda2</filename>, <filename
    3535class="partition">hda5</filename>, and <systemitem
    … …  
    4444<para>The <filename class="directory">/dev/shm</filename> mount point
    4545for <systemitem class="filesystem">tmpfs</systemitem> is included to
    46 allow enabling POSIX shared memory. The kernel must have the required
    47 support built into it for this to work (more about this in the next
    48 section). Please note that very little software currently uses POSIX
    49 shared memory.  Therefore, consider the <filename
     46allow enabling POSIX-shared memory. The kernel must have the required
     47support built into it for this to work (more about this is in the next
     48section). Please note that very little software currently uses
     49POSIX-shared memory.  Therefore, consider the <filename
    5050class="directory">/dev/shm</filename> mount point optional. For more
    5151information, see
    … …  
    5959<screen> usbfs         /proc/bus/usb usbfs   devgid=14,devmode=0660 0 0 </screen>
    6060
    61 <para>This option will only work if the <quote>Support for Host-side
     61<para>This option will only work if <quote>Support for Host-side
    6262USB</quote> and <quote>USB device filesystem</quote> are compiled into
    6363the kernel (not as a module).</para>

  • chapter08/grub.xml

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    55]>
    66<sect1 id="ch-bootable-grub">
    7 <title>Making the LFS system bootable</title>
     7<title>Making the LFS System Bootable</title>
    88<?dbhtml filename="grub.html"?>
    99
    … …  
    1313
    1414<para>Your shiny new LFS system is almost complete. One of the last
    15 things to do is ensure that it can be properly booted. The
     15things to do is to ensure that the system can be properly booted. The
    1616instructions below apply only to computers of IA-32 architecture,
    1717meaning mainstream PCs. Information on <quote>boot loading</quote> for
    … …  
    1919locations for those architectures.</para>
    2020
    21 <para>Boot loading can be a complex area. First, a few cautionary
    22 words. Be familiar with the current boot loader and any other
     21<para>Boot loading can be a complex area, so a few cautionary
     22words are in order. Be familiar with the current boot loader and any other
    2323operating systems present on the hard drive(s) that need to be
    24 bootable. Please make sure that an emergency boot disk is ready to
    25 <quote>rescue</quote> the computer if, by chance, the computer becomes
     24bootable. Make sure that an emergency boot disk is ready to
     25<quote>rescue</quote> the computer if the computer becomes
    2626unusable (un-bootable).</para>
    2727
    … …  
    2929in preparation for this step. The procedure involves writing some
    3030special Grub files to specific locations on the hard drive. We highly
    31 recommend a Grub boot floppy diskette be created as a backup. Insert a
     31recommend creating a Grub boot floppy diskette as a backup. Insert a
    3232blank floppy diskette and run the following commands:</para>
    3333
    … …  
    4040<screen><userinput>grub</userinput></screen>
    4141
    42 <para>Grub uses its own naming structure for drives and partitions, in
     42<para>Grub uses its own naming structure for drives and partitions in
    4343the form of <emphasis>(hdn,m)</emphasis>, where <emphasis>n</emphasis>
    4444is the hard drive number and <emphasis>m</emphasis> is the partition
    4545number, both starting from zero. For example, partition <filename
    4646class="partition">hda1</filename> is <emphasis>(hd0,0)</emphasis> to
    47 Grub, and <filename class="partition">hdb3</filename> is
     47Grub and <filename class="partition">hdb3</filename> is
    4848<emphasis>(hd1,2)</emphasis>. In contrast to Linux, Grub does not
    4949consider CD-ROM drives to be hard drives. For example, if using a CD
    … …  
    5858class="partition">hda4</filename>.</para>
    5959
    60 <para>First, tell Grub where to search for its
     60<para>Tell Grub where to search for its
    6161<filename>stage{1,2}</filename> files. The Tab key can be used
    6262everywhere to make Grub show the alternatives:</para>
    … …  
    6767loader. Do not run the command if this is not desired, for example, if
    6868using a third party boot manager to manage the Master Boot Record
    69 (MBR). In this scenario, it would probably make more sense to install
     69(MBR). In this scenario, it would make more sense to install
    7070Grub into the <quote>boot sector</quote> of the LFS partition. In this
    7171case, this next command would become: <userinput>setup
    7272(hd0,3)</userinput>.</para></warning>
    7373
    74 <para>Tell Grub to install itself into the MBR (Master Boot Record) of
     74<para>Tell Grub to install itself into the MBR of
    7575<filename class="partition">hda</filename>:</para>
    7676
    … …  
    113113EOF</userinput></screen>
    114114
    115 <para>Also, if dual-booting Windows, the following entry will allow
     115<para>If dual-booting Windows, the following entry will allow
    116116booting it:</para>
    117117

  • chapter08/introduction.xml

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    88<?dbhtml filename="introduction.html"?>
    99
    10 <para>This chapter will make the LFS system bootable. This chapter
     10<para>It is time to make the LFS system bootable. This chapter
    1111discusses creating an <filename>fstab</filename> file, building a
    1212kernel for the new LFS system, and installing the Grub bootloader so

  • chapter08/kernel.xml

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    1616<segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
    1717<segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
    18 <seglistitem><seg>All default options: 4.20 SBU</seg>
    19 <seg>All default options: 181 MB</seg></seglistitem>
     18<seglistitem><seg>4.20 SBU</seg>
     19<seg>181 MB</seg></seglistitem>
    2020</segmentedlist>
    2121
    … …  
    2323<segtitle>Linux installation depends on</segtitle>
    2424<seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Findutils,
    25 GCC, Glibc, Grep, Gzip, Make, Modutils, Perl, Sed</seg></seglistitem>
     25GCC, Glibc, Grep, Gzip, Make, Modutils, Perl, and Sed</seg></seglistitem>
    2626</segmentedlist>
    2727</sect2>
    … …  
    3030<title>Installation of the kernel</title>
    3131
    32 <para>Building the kernel involves a few steps -- configuration,
     32<para>Building the kernel involves a few steps&mdash;configuration,
    3333compilation, and installation. Read the <filename>README</filename>
    3434file in the kernel source tree for alternative methods to the way this
    … …  
    5050<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@/sbin/hotplug@/bin/true@' kernel/kmod.c</userinput></screen>
    5151
    52 <para>If, in <xref linkend="ch-scripts-console"/>, you decided to
    53 compile the keymap into the kernel, issue the command below:</para>
     52<para>If, in <xref linkend="ch-scripts-console"/> the keymap was
     53compiled into the kernel, issue the command below:</para>
    5454
    5555<screen><userinput>loadkeys -m /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/<replaceable>[path to  keymap]</replaceable> &gt; \
    … …  
    6767information.</para>
    6868
    69 <note><para>When you configure the kernel, be sure to enable the
     69<note><para>When configuring the kernel, be sure to enable the
    7070<quote>Support for hot-pluggable devices</quote> option under the
    7171<quote>General Setup</quote> menu. This enables hotplug events that
    … …  
    7979class="directory">linux-&linux-version;</filename> directory. However,
    8080we do not recommend this option. It is often better to explore all the
    81 configuration menus and creating the kernel configuration from
     81configuration menus and create the kernel configuration from
    8282scratch.</para>
    8383
    84 <para>For POSIX shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config
     84<para>For POSIX-shared memory support, ensure that the kernel config
    8585option <quote>Virtual memory file system support</quote> is enabled.
    8686It resides within the <quote>File systems</quote> menu and is normally
    … …  
    9595<note><para>NPTL requires the kernel to be compiled with GCC 3.x, in
    9696this case &gcc-version;. Compiling with 2.95.x is known to cause failures in
    97 the glibc testsuite, so it is not recommended to compile the kernel
     97the glibc test suite, so it is not recommended to compile the kernel
    9898with gcc 2.95.x.</para></note>
    9999
    … …  
    104104<para>If using kernel modules, an
    105105<filename>/etc/modprobe.conf</filename> file may be needed.
    106 Information pertaining to modules and to kernel configuration is
     106Information pertaining to modules and kernel configuration is
    107107located in the kernel documentation in the <filename
    108108class="directory">linux-&linux-version;/Documentation</filename>
    … …  
    110110of interest.</para>
    111111
    112 <para>Be very careful when reading other documentation, because it
     112<para>Be very careful when reading other documentation because it
    113113usually applies to 2.4.x kernels only. As far as we know, kernel
    114114configuration issues specific to Hotplug and Udev are not documented.
    … …  
    124124configuration, especially if this is the first time using Udev.</para>
    125125
    126 <para>Install the modules, if your kernel configuration uses them:</para>
     126<para>Install the modules, if the kernel configuration uses them:</para>
    127127
    128128<screen><userinput>make modules_install</userinput></screen>
    … …  
    161161directory are not owned by <emphasis>root</emphasis>. Whenever a
    162162package is unpacked as user <emphasis>root</emphasis> (like we did
    163 here inside chroot), the files have the user and group IDs of whatever
     163inside chroot), the files have the user and group IDs of whatever
    164164they were on the packager's computer. This is usually not a problem
    165165for any other package to be installed because the source tree is
    … …  
    181181<segmentedlist>
    182182<segtitle>Installed files</segtitle>
    183 <seglistitem><seg>the kernel, the kernel headers,
    184 and the System.map</seg></seglistitem>
     183<seglistitem><seg>kernel, kernel headers,
     184and System.map</seg></seglistitem>
    185185</segmentedlist>
    186186
    … …  
    189189
    190190<varlistentry id="kernel">
    191 <term>The <emphasis>kernel</emphasis></term>
     191<term><command>kernel</command></term>
    192192<listitem>
    193 <para>the engine of the Linux system. When turning on your computer,
     193<para>the engine of the Linux system. When turning on the computer,
    194194the kernel is the first part of the operating system that gets loaded.
    195195It detects and initializes all components of the computer's hardware,
    196196then makes these components available as a tree of files to the
    197 software, and turns a single CPU into a multitasking machine capable
     197software and turns a single CPU into a multitasking machine capable
    198198of running scores of programs seemingly at the same time.</para>
    199199<indexterm zone="ch-bootable-kernel kernel"><primary sortas="b-kernel">kernel</primary></indexterm>
    … …  
    202202
    203203<varlistentry id="kernel-headers">
    204 <term>The <emphasis>kernel headers</emphasis></term>
     204<term><command>kernel headers</command></term>
    205205<listitem>
    206206<para>defines the interface to the services that the kernel provides.
    207 The headers in your system's <filename
     207The headers in the system's <filename
    208208class="directory">include</filename> directory should
    209209<emphasis>always</emphasis> be the ones against which Glibc was
    … …  
    217217<term><filename>System.map</filename></term>
    218218<listitem>
    219 <para>is a list of addresses and symbols. It maps the entry points and
     219<para>a list of addresses and symbols. It maps the entry points and
    220220addresses of all the functions and data structures in the
    221221kernel.</para>
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