Changes in chapter07/kernfs.xml [2bf32ff:d963661]

File:

• chapter07/kernfs.xml (modified) (2 diffs)

chapter07/kernfs.xml

@@ -19 +19 @@
     with the kernel itself. These file systems are virtual: no disk
     space is used for them. The content of the file systems resides in
-    memory. These file systems must be mounted in the $LFS directory tree
-    so the applications can find them in the chroot environment.</para>
+    memory.</para>
 
     <para>Begin by creating directories on which the file systems will be
     mounted:</para>
 
-<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv $LFS/{dev,proc,sys,run}</userinput></screen>
-
-  <sect2 id="ch-tools-bindmount">
-    <title>Mounting and Populating /dev</title>
-
-      <para>During a normal boot of the LFS system, the kernel automatically
-      mounts the <systemitem class="filesystem">devtmpfs</systemitem>
-      filesystem on the
-      <filename class="directory">/dev</filename> directory; the kernel
-      creates device nodes on that virtual filesystem during the boot process
-      or when a device is first detected or accessed. The udev daemon may
-      change the owner or permission of the device nodes created by the
-      kernel, or create new device nodes or symlinks to ease the work of
-      distro maintainers or system administrators.  (See
-      <xref linkend='ch-config-udev-device-node-creation'/> for details.)
-      If the host kernel supports &devtmpfs;, we can simply mount a
-      &devtmpfs; at <filename class='directory'>$LFS/dev</filename> and rely
-      on the kernel to populate it (the LFS building process does not need
-      the additional work onto &devtmpfs; by udev daemon).</para>
-
-      <para>But, some host kernels may lack &devtmpfs; support and these
-      host distros maintain the content of
-      <filename class="directory">/dev</filename> with different methods.
-      So the only host-agnostic way for populating
-      <filename class="directory">$LFS/dev</filename> is
-      bind mounting the host system's
-      <filename class="directory">/dev</filename> directory. A bind mount is
-      a special type of mount that allows you to create a mirror of a
-      directory or mount point at some other location. Use the following
-      command to do this:</para>
-
-<screen><userinput>mount -v --bind /dev $LFS/dev</userinput></screen>
-
-  </sect2>
+<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv /{proc,sys,run}</userinput></screen>
 
   <sect2 id="ch-tools-kernfsmount">
     <title>Mounting Virtual Kernel File Systems</title>
 
-      <para>Now mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:</para>
+    <para>The kernel has already mounted
+    <systemitem class="filesystem">devtmpfs</systemitem>.
+    Mount the remaining virtual kernel filesystems:</para>
 
-<screen><userinput>mount -v --bind /dev/pts $LFS/dev/pts
-mount -vt proc proc $LFS/proc
-mount -vt sysfs sysfs $LFS/sys
-mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs $LFS/run</userinput></screen>
-<!--
+<screen><userinput>mkdir -pv /dev/{pts,shm}
+mount -vt devpts /dev/pts /dev/pts -o gid=5,mode=620
+mount -vt proc  proc  /proc
+mount -vt sysfs sysfs /sys
+mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs /run
+mount -vt tmpfs tmpfs /dev/shm -o nosuid,nodev</userinput></screen>
+
     <variablelist>
       <title>The meaning of the mount options for devpts:</title>
@@ -97 +67 @@
 
     </variablelist>
--->
-      <para>In some host systems, <filename>/dev/shm</filename> is a
-      symbolic link to <filename class="directory">/run/shm</filename>.
-      The /run tmpfs was mounted above so in this case only a
-      directory needs to be created.</para>
 
-      <para>In other host systems <filename>/dev/shm</filename> is a mount point 
-      for a tmpfs. In that case the mount of /dev above will only create
-      /dev/shm as a directory in the chroot environment. In this situation
-      we must explicitly mount a tmpfs:</para>
+  </sect2>
 
-<screen><userinput>if [ -h $LFS/dev/shm ]; then
-  mkdir -pv $LFS/$(readlink $LFS/dev/shm)
-else
-  mount -t tmpfs -o nosuid,nodev tmpfs $LFS/dev/shm
-fi</userinput></screen>
+  <sect2 id="ch-tools-devadjust">
+    <title>Adjusting devtmpfs</title>
+
+    <para>Now <systemitem class='filesystem'>proc</systemitem> filesystem
+    is mounted, we can replace the device nodes for standard I/O streams
+    with symlinks to pseudo files in
+    <filename class="directory">/proc/self/fd</filename> (which are symlinks
+    to the files connected to the standard I/O streams for the current
+    process).  And, create another symlink recommended by the kernel
+    documentation.  These are necessary for I/O redirection in the building
+    system of some packages to function properly:</para>
+
+<screen><userinput>ln -sfv /proc/self/fd/0 /dev/stdin
+ln -sfv /proc/self/fd/1 /dev/stdout
+ln -sfv /proc/self/fd/2 /dev/stderr
+ln -sv  /proc/self/fd   /dev</userinput></screen>
 
   </sect2>