Ignore:
Timestamp:
01/25/2017 05:03:58 PM (7 years ago)
Author:
Ken Moffat <ken@…>
Branches:
10.0, 10.1, 11.0, 11.1, 11.2, 11.3, 12.0, 12.1, 8.0, 8.1, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 9.0, 9.1, basic, bdubbs/svn, elogind, kea, ken/TL2024, ken/inkscape-core-mods, ken/tuningfonts, lazarus, lxqt, perl-modules, plabs/newcss, plabs/python-mods, python3.11, qt5new, rahul/power-profiles-daemon, renodr/vulkan-addition, trunk, upgradedb, xry111/intltool, xry111/llvm18, xry111/soup3, xry111/test-20220226, xry111/xf86-video-removal
Children:
7985ac6c
Parents:
5dab33c6
Message:

For a' that, an a' that,
It's coming yet for a' that,
That ilka body the world o'er,
Can use Guid Fonts for a' that.

git-svn-id: svn://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/BLFS/trunk/BOOK@18211 af4574ff-66df-0310-9fd7-8a98e5e911e0

File:
1 edited

Legend:

Unmodified
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  • x/installing/xorg-config.xml

    r5dab33c6 re180a646  
    183183    </sect2>
    184184
    185     <sect2 role="configuration" id="xft-font-protocol"  xreflabel="Xft Font Protocol">
    186       <title>Xft Font Protocol</title>
    187 
    188       <indexterm zone="xft-font-protocol" id="fonts">
    189         <primary sortas="g-truetype">TrueType Fonts</primary>
    190       </indexterm>
    191 
    192       <para>Xft provides antialiased font rendering through
    193       <application>Freetype</application>, and fonts are controlled from the
    194       client side using <application>Fontconfig</application>.  The default
    195       search path is <filename class="directory">/usr/share/fonts</filename>
    196       and <filename class="directory">~/.fonts</filename>.
    197       <application>Fontconfig</application> searches directories in its
    198       path recursively and maintains a cache of the font characteristics in
    199       <filename>fonts.cache-1</filename> files in each directory.  If the cache
    200       appears to be out of date, it is ignored, and information is (slowly)
    201       fetched from the fonts themselves.  This cache
    202       can be regenerated using the <command>fc-cache</command> command at any
    203       time. You can see the list of fonts known by
    204       <application>Fontconfig</application> by running the command
    205       <command>fc-list</command>.</para>
    206 
    207       <para>If you've installed <application>Xorg</application> in any prefix
    208       other than <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>, the
    209       <application>X</application> fonts were not installed in a
    210       location known to <application>Fontconfig</application>. This prevents
    211       <application>Fontconfig</application> from using the poorly rendered
    212       Type 1 fonts or the non-scalable bitmapped fonts. Symlinks were created
    213       from the <filename class="directory">OTF</filename> and <filename
    214       class="directory">TTF</filename> <application>X</application> font
    215       directories to <filename
    216       class="directory">/usr/share/fonts/X11-{OTF,TTF}</filename>. This allows
    217       <application>Fontconfig</application> to use the OpenType and TrueType
    218       fonts provided by <application>X</application> (which are scalable and
    219       of higher quality).</para>
    220 
    221       <para><application>Fontconfig</application> uses names such as
    222       "Monospace 12" to define fonts.  Applications generally use generic font
    223       names such as "Monospace", "Sans" and "Serif".
    224       <application>Fontconfig</application> resolves these names to a font that
    225       has all characters that cover the orthography of the language indicated
    226       by the locale settings.  Knowledge of these font names is included in
    227       <filename>/etc/fonts/fonts.conf</filename>. Fonts that are not listed
    228       in this file are still usable by <application>Fontconfig</application>,
    229       but they will not be accessible by the generic family names.</para>
    230 
    231       <para>Standard scalable fonts that come with <application>X</application>
    232       provide very poor Unicode coverage.  You may notice in applications that
    233       use <application>Xft</application> that some characters appear as a box
    234       with four binary digits inside.  In this case, a font set with the
    235       available glyphs has not been found.  Other times, applications that
    236       don't use other font families by default and don't accept substitutions
    237       from <application>Fontconfig</application> will display blank lines when
    238       the default font doesn't cover the orthography of the user's language.
    239       This happens, e.g., with <application>Fluxbox</application> in the
    240       ru_RU.KOI8-R locale.</para>
    241 
    242       <para>In order to provide greater Unicode coverage, it is recommended
    243       that you install these fonts:</para>
    244 
    245       <itemizedlist>
    246         <listitem>
    247           <para><ulink url="http://dejavu.sourceforge.net/">DejaVu fonts</ulink>
    248           - These fonts are replacements for the Bitstream Vera fonts and
    249           provide Latin-based scripts with accents and Cyrillic glyphs.</para>
    250         </listitem>
    251         <listitem>
    252           <para><ulink
    253           url="http://download.savannah.nongnu.org/releases/freefont/">FreeFont</ulink>
    254           - This set of fonts covers nearly every non-CJK character, but is not
    255           visually pleasing.  <application>Fontconfig</application> will use it
    256           as a last resort to substitute generic font family names.</para>
    257         </listitem>
    258         <listitem>
    259           <para><ulink
    260           url="http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/">Microsoft Core fonts</ulink>
    261           - These fonts provide slightly worse Unicode coverage than FreeFont,
    262           but are better hinted.  Be sure to read the license before using
    263           them. These fonts are listed in the aliases in the
    264           <filename class="directory">/etc/fonts/conf.d</filename> directory
    265           by default.</para>
    266         </listitem>
    267         <listitem>
    268           <para><ulink
    269           url="http://ftp.osuosl.org/pub/blfs/conglomeration/Xorg//fireflysung-1.3.0.tar.gz">Firefly New Sung font</ulink>
    270           - This font ('AR PL New Sung') provides Chinese coverage and is
    271           listed in the aliases in the
    272           the <filename class="directory">/etc/fonts/conf.d</filename>
    273           directory by default.</para>
    274         </listitem>
    275         <listitem>
    276           <para><ulink
    277           url="http://packages.debian.org/sid/fonts-arphic-ukai">UKai fonts</ulink>
    278           and <ulink
    279           url="http://packages.debian.org/sid/fonts-arphic-uming">UMing fonts</ulink>
    280           - Newer sets (ttc) of Chinese fonts similarto the Firefly New Sung font,
    281           containing variations of Simplified and Traditional. The Ming style is
    282           similar to Sung (or Song), Kai is a slightly different style but still
    283           looks to people used to the latin alphabets like a Serif font.
    284           </para>
    285         </listitem>
    286         <listitem>
    287           <para><ulink
    288           url="http://sourceforge.jp/projects/efont/">Kochi fonts</ulink> -
    289           These provide Japanese characters, and are listed in the aliases
    290           in the <filename class="directory">/etc/fonts/conf.d</filename>
    291           directory by default.</para>
    292         </listitem>
    293         <listitem>
    294           <para><ulink
    295           url="http://kldp.net/projects/baekmuk/">Baekmuk fonts</ulink>
    296           - These fonts provide Korean coverage, and some are listed
    297           <!-- Batang, Dotum in 40-nonlatin, 65-nonlatin adds Gulim -->
    298           in the aliases in the
    299           <filename class="directory">/etc/fonts/conf.d</filename> directory
    300           by default.</para>
    301         </listitem>
    302         <listitem>
    303           <para><ulink
    304           url="&gnome-download-http;/cantarell-fonts/0.0/">Cantarell fonts</ulink>
    305           - The Cantarell typeface family provides a contemporary Humanist sans
    306           serif. It is particularly optimised for legibility at small sizes and is
    307           the preferred font family for the <application>GNOME-3</application> user
    308           interface.</para>
    309         </listitem>
    310       </itemizedlist>
    311 
    312       <para>The list above will not provide complete Unicode coverage.
    313       Unicode is updated every year, and most additions are now for historic
    314       writing systems. For almost-complete coverage you can install <xref
    315       linkend="noto-fonts"/> (about 180 fonts when last checked) but that
    316       number of fonts makes it <emphasis>much</emphasis> less convenient to
    317       select a specific font in a document, and most people will regard many
    318       of them as a waste of space. We used to recommend the <ulink
    319       url="http://unifont.org/fontguide/">Unicode Font Guide</ulink>, but that
    320       has not been updated since 2008 and many of its links are dead.</para>
    321 
    322       <para>Rendered examples of most of the above fonts, and many others,
    323       can be found at this
    324       <ulink url="http://zarniwhoop.uk/ttf-otf-notes.html#examples">
    325       font analysis</ulink> page.</para>
    326 
    327       <para>As a font installation example, consider the installation of the
    328       DejaVu fonts. In this particular package, the TTF files are in a
    329       subdirectory. From the unpacked source directory, run the following
    330       commands as the <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> user:</para>
    331 
    332 <screen role="root"><userinput>install -v -d -m755 /usr/share/fonts/dejavu &amp;&amp;
    333 install -v -m644 ttf/*.ttf /usr/share/fonts/dejavu &amp;&amp;
    334 fc-cache -v /usr/share/fonts/dejavu</userinput></screen>
    335 
    336       <para>Fonts are often supplied in zip files, requiring <xref linkend="unzip"/>
    337       to list and extract them, but even if the current release is a tarball
    338       you should still check to see if it will create a directory.</para>
    339 
    340     </sect2>
    341 
    342185  <sect2 role="configuration" id='xconfig'>
    343186    <title>Setting up Xorg Devices</title>
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