1 | <sect1 id="ch-tools-glibc">
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2 | <title>Installing Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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3 | <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html" dir="chapter05"?>
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4 |
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5 | <screen>&buildtime; &glibc-time-tools;
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6 | &diskspace; &glibc-compsize-tools;</screen>
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7 |
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8 | &aa-glibc-down;
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9 | &aa-glibc-dep;
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10 |
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11 | <sect2><title> </title><para> </para></sect2>
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12 |
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13 | <sect2>
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14 | <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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15 |
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16 | <para>This package is known to behave badly when you change its default
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17 | optimization flags (including the <emphasis>-march</emphasis> and
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18 | <emphasis>-mcpu</emphasis> options). Therefore, if you have defined any
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19 | environment variables that override default optimizations, such as CFLAGS and
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20 | CXXFLAGS, we recommend unsetting them when building Glibc.</para>
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21 |
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22 | <para>Basically, compiling Glibc in any other way than the book suggests
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23 | is putting the stability of your system at risk.</para>
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24 |
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25 | <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
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26 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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27 |
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28 | <screen><userinput>mkdir ../glibc-build
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29 | cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
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30 |
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31 | <para>Next, prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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32 |
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33 | <screen><userinput>../&glibc-dir;/configure --prefix=/tools \
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34 | --disable-profile --enable-add-ons=linuxthreads \
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35 | --with-binutils=/tools/bin --with-headers=/tools/include \
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36 | --without-gd --without-cvs</userinput></screen>
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37 |
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38 | <para>The meaning of the configure options:</para>
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39 |
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40 | <itemizedlist>
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41 | <listitem><para><userinput>--disable-profile</userinput>: This disables the
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42 | building of the libraries with profiling information. Omit this option if you
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43 | plan to do profiling on the temporary tools.</para></listitem>
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44 |
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45 | <listitem><para><userinput>--enable-add-ons=linuxthreads</userinput>: This
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46 | tells Glibc to use the Linuxthreads add-on as its threading
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47 | library.</para></listitem>
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48 |
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49 | <listitem><para><userinput>--with-binutils=/tools/bin</userinput> and
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50 | <userinput>--with-headers=/tools/include</userinput>: Strictly speaking
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51 | these switches are not required. But they ensure nothing can go wrong with
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52 | regard to what kernel headers and Binutils programs get used during the
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53 | Glibc build.</para></listitem>
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54 |
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55 | <listitem><para><userinput>--without-gd</userinput>: This switch ensures
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56 | that we don't build the <command>memusagestat</command> program, which
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57 | strangely enough insists on linking against the host's libraries (libgd,
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58 | libpng, libz, and so forth).</para></listitem>
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59 |
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60 | <listitem><para><userinput>--without-cvs</userinput>: This is meant to prevent
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61 | the Makefiles from attempting automatic CVS checkouts when using a CVS
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62 | snapshot. But it's not actually needed these days. We use it because it
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63 | suppresses an annoying but harmless warning about a missing
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64 | <command>autoconf</command> program.</para></listitem>
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65 | </itemizedlist>
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66 |
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67 | <para>During this stage you might see the following warning:</para>
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68 |
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69 | <blockquote><screen>configure: WARNING:
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70 | *** These auxiliary programs are missing or incompatible versions: msgfmt
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71 | *** some features will be disabled.
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72 | *** Check the INSTALL file for required versions.</screen></blockquote>
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73 |
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74 | <para>The missing or incompatible <command>msgfmt</command> program is
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75 | generally harmless, but it's believed it can sometimes cause problems when
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76 | running the test suite.</para>
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77 |
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78 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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79 |
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80 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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81 |
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82 | <para>Compilation is now complete. As mentioned earlier, we don't recommend
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83 | running the test suites for the temporary system here in this chapter. If you
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84 | still want to run the Glibc test suite anyway, the following command will do
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85 | so:</para>
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86 |
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87 | <screen><userinput>make check</userinput></screen>
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88 |
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89 | <para>The Glibc test suite is highly dependent on certain functions of your host
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90 | system, in particular the kernel. Additionally, here in this chapter some tests
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91 | can be adversely affected by existing tools or environmental issues on the host
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92 | system. Of course, these won't be a problem when we run the Glibc test suite
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93 | inside the chroot environment of <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/>. In
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94 | general, the Glibc test suite is always expected to pass. However, as mentioned
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95 | above, in certain circumstances some failures are unavoidable. Here is a list
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96 | of the most common issues we are aware of:</para>
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97 |
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98 | <itemizedlist>
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99 | <listitem><para>The <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests sometimes fail when running
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100 | on systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or authentic AMD.
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101 | Certain optimization settings are also known to be a factor here.</para></listitem>
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102 |
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103 | <listitem><para>The <emphasis>gettext</emphasis> test sometimes fails due to
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104 | host system issues. The exact reasons are not yet clear.</para></listitem>
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105 |
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106 | <listitem><para>The <emphasis>atime</emphasis> test sometimes fails when the
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107 | LFS partition is mounted with the <emphasis>noatime</emphasis> option, or due
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108 | to other file system quirks.</para></listitem>
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109 |
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110 | <listitem><para>The <emphasis>shm</emphasis> test might fail when the host
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111 | system is running the devfs file system but doesn't have the tmpfs file system
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112 | mounted at <filename>/dev/shm</filename> due to lack of support for tmpfs in
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113 | the kernel.</para></listitem>
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114 |
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115 | <listitem><para>When running on older and slower hardware, some tests might
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116 | fail due to test timeouts being exceeded.</para></listitem>
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117 | </itemizedlist>
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118 |
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119 | <para>In summary, don't worry too much if you see Glibc test suite failures
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120 | here in this chapter. The Glibc in <xref linkend="chapter-building-system"/> is
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121 | the one we'll ultimately end up using, so that is the one we would really like
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122 | to see pass the tests (but even there some failures could still occur -- the
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123 | <emphasis>math</emphasis> tests, for example). When experiencing a failure,
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124 | make a note of it, then continue by reissuing the <command>make
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125 | check</command>. The test suite should pick up where it left off and continue.
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126 | You can circumvent this stop-start sequence by issuing a <command>make -k
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127 | check</command>. But if you do that, be sure to log the output so that you can
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128 | later peruse the log file and examine the total number of failures.</para>
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129 |
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130 | <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will at the
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131 | end complain about the absence of <filename>/tools/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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132 | Prevent this confusing little warning with:</para>
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133 |
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134 | <screen><userinput>mkdir /tools/etc
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135 | touch /tools/etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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136 |
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137 | <para>Now install the package:</para>
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138 |
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139 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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140 |
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141 | <para>Different countries and cultures have varying conventions for how to
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142 | communicate. These conventions range from very simple ones, such as the format
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143 | for representing dates and times, to very complex ones, such as the language
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144 | spoken. The "internationalization" of GNU programs works by means of
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145 | <emphasis>locales</emphasis>.</para>
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146 |
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147 | <note><para>If you are not running the test suites here in this chapter as per
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148 | our recommendation, there is little point in installing the locales now. We'll
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149 | be installing the locales in the next chapter.</para></note>
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150 |
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151 | <para>If you still want to install the Glibc locales anyway, the following
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152 | command will do so:</para>
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153 |
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154 | <screen><userinput>make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
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155 |
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156 | <para>An alternative to running the previous command is to install only those
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157 | locales which you need or want. This can be achieved by using the
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158 | <command>localedef</command> command. Information on this can be found in
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159 | the <filename>INSTALL</filename> file in the Glibc source. However, there are
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160 | a number of locales that are essential for the tests of future packages to
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161 | pass, in particular, the <emphasis>libstdc++</emphasis> tests from GCC. The
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162 | following instructions, instead of the install-locales target above, will
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163 | install the minimum set of locales necessary for the tests to run
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164 | successfully:</para>
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165 |
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166 | <screen><userinput>mkdir -p /tools/lib/locale
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167 | localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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168 | localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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169 | localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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170 | localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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171 | localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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172 | localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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173 | localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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174 | localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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175 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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176 | localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP</userinput></screen>
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177 |
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178 | </sect2>
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179 |
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180 | <sect2><title> </title><para> </para>
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181 | <para>The details on this package are found in <xref linkend="contents-glibc"/>.</para>
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182 | <para> </para></sect2>
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183 |
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184 | </sect1>
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185 |
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