source: chapter06/glibc.xml@ 70b235f4

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Last change on this file since 70b235f4 was 70b235f4, checked in by Bruce Dubbs <bdubbs@…>, 5 years ago

Tweak symlink needed for glibc regression tests

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@11507 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689
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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
9 <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>glibc</productname>
13 <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&glibc-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
20 <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
27 the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
28 closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
29 arithmetic, and so on.</para>
30
31 <segmentedlist>
32 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
33 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
34
35 <seglistitem>
36 <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
37 <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
38 </seglistitem>
39 </segmentedlist>
40
41 </sect2>
42
43 <sect2 role="installation">
44 <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
45
46 <note><para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
47 perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
48 pointing to <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
49 and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
50 Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
51 of achieving a clean build.</para></note>
52
53 <para>Some of the Glibc programs use the non-FHS compilant
54 <filename class="directory">/var/db</filename> directory to store
55 their runtime data. Apply the following patch to make such programs
56 store their runtime data in the FHS-compliant locations:</para>
57
58<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-fhs-patch;</userinput></screen>
59<!--
60 <para>Fix a minor security issue with glob functions:</para>
61
62<screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../&glibc-glob-patch;</userinput></screen>
63-->
64 <para>First create a compatibility symlink to avoid references to /tools in
65 our final glibc:</para>
66
67<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sfv /tools/lib/gcc /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
68
69 <para>Determine the GCC include directory and create a symlink for LSB
70 compliance. Additionally, for x86_64, create a compatibility symlink
71 required for the dynamic loader to function correctly:</para>
72
73<screen><userinput remap="pre">case $(uname -m) in
74 i?86) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/$(uname -m)-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
75 ln -sfv ld-linux.so.2 /lib/ld-lsb.so.3
76 ;;
77 x86_64) GCC_INCDIR=/usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-linux-gnu/&gcc-version;/include
78 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64
79 ln -sfv ../lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib64/ld-lsb-x86-64.so.3
80 ;;
81esac</userinput></screen>
82
83 <para>Remove a file that may be left over from a previous build attempt:
84 </para>
85
86<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -f /usr/include/limits.h</userinput></screen>
87
88 <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc
89 in a dedicated build directory:</para>
90
91<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
92cd build</userinput></screen>
93
94 <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
95
96<screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include" \
97../configure --prefix=/usr \
98 --disable-werror \
99 --enable-kernel=&min-kernel; \
100 --enable-stack-protector=strong \
101 libc_cv_slibdir=/lib
102unset GCC_INCDIR</userinput></screen>
103
104 <variablelist>
105 <title>The meaning of the options and new configure parameters:</title>
106
107 <varlistentry>
108 <term><parameter>CC="gcc -isystem $GCC_INCDIR -isystem /usr/include"</parameter></term>
109 <listitem>
110 <para>Setting the location of both gcc and system include directories
111 avoids introduction of invalid paths in debugging symbols.</para>
112 </listitem>
113 </varlistentry>
114
115 <varlistentry>
116 <term><parameter>--disable-werror</parameter></term>
117 <listitem>
118 <para>This option disables the -Werror option passed to
119 GCC. This is necessary for running the test suite.</para>
120 </listitem>
121 </varlistentry>
122
123 <varlistentry>
124 <term><parameter>--enable-stack-protector=strong</parameter></term>
125 <listitem>
126 <para>This option increases system security by adding
127 extra code to check for buffer overflows, such as stack
128 smashing attacks.</para>
129 </listitem>
130 </varlistentry>
131
132 <varlistentry>
133 <term><parameter>libc_cv_slibdir=/lib</parameter></term>
134 <listitem>
135 <para>This variable sets the correct library for all
136 systems. We do not want lib64 to be used.</para>
137 </listitem>
138 </varlistentry>
139
140 </variablelist>
141
142 <para>Compile the package:</para>
143
144<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
145
146 <important>
147 <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
148 Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
149 </important>
150
151 <para>Generally a few tests do not pass. The test failures listed below
152 are usually safe to ignore.</para>
153
154<screen><userinput remap="test">ln -sfnv $PWD/elf/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 /lib/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2
155make check</userinput></screen>
156
157 <note><para>The symbolic link above is needed to run the tests at this
158 stage of building in the chroot envirnment. It will be overwritten
159 in the install phase below.</para></note>
160
161 <para>You may see some test failures. The Glibc test suite is
162 somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most common
163 issues seen for some versions of LFS:</para>
164
165 <itemizedlist>
166
167 <listitem>
168 <para><emphasis>misc/tst-ttyname</emphasis>
169 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
170 </listitem>
171<!--
172 <listitem>
173 <para><emphasis>inet/tst-idna_name_classify</emphasis>
174 is known to fail in the LFS chroot environment.</para>
175 </listitem>
176-->
177 <listitem>
178 <para><emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo4</emphasis> and
179 <emphasis>posix/tst-getaddrinfo5</emphasis>
180 may fail on some architectures.</para>
181 </listitem>
182
183 <listitem>
184 <para>The <emphasis>nss/tst-nss-files-hosts-multi</emphasis>
185 test may fail for reasons that have not been determined.</para>
186 </listitem>
187
188 <listitem>
189 <para>The <emphasis>rt/tst-cputimer{1,2,3}</emphasis>
190 tests have been known to
191 fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications are
192 that minor timing issues can trigger these failures.</para>
193 </listitem>
194
195 <listitem>
196 <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
197 systems where the CPU is not a relatively new Intel or
198 AMD processor.</para>
199 </listitem>
200<!--
201 <listitem>
202 <para>The
203 <emphasis>nptl/tst-thread-affinity-{pthread,pthread2,sched}</emphasis>
204 tests may fail for reasons that have not been determined. </para>
205 </listitem>
206
207 <listitem>
208 <para>Other tests known to fail on some architectures are
209 malloc/tst-malloc-usable and nptl/tst-cleanupx4. </para>
210 </listitem>
211-->
212 </itemizedlist>
213
214 <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
215 complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
216 Prevent this warning with:</para>
217
218<screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
219
220 <para>Fix the generated Makefile to skip an unneeded sanity check
221 that fails in the LFS partial environment:
222 </para>
223
224<screen><userinput remap="install">sed '/test-installation/s@$(PERL)@echo not running@' -i ../Makefile</userinput></screen>
225
226 <para>Install the package:</para>
227
228<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
229
230 <para>Install the configuration file and runtime directory for
231 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
232
233<screen><userinput remap="install">cp -v ../nscd/nscd.conf /etc/nscd.conf
234mkdir -pv /var/cache/nscd</userinput></screen>
235
236 <para revision="systemd">Install the systemd support files for
237 <command>nscd</command>:</para>
238
239 <screen revision="systemd"><userinput remap="install">install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.tmpfiles /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d/nscd.conf
240install -v -Dm644 ../nscd/nscd.service /lib/systemd/system/nscd.service</userinput></screen>
241
242 <para>Next, install the locales that can make the system respond in a
243 different language. None of the locales are required, but if some of them
244 are missing, the test suites of future packages would skip important
245 testcases.</para>
246
247 <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
248 <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
249 <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
250 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
251 charset-independent locale definition with the
252 <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
253 charmap definition and appends the result to the
254 <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
255 The following instructions will install the minimum set of
256 locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
257
258<screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
259localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
260localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
261localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
262localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
263localedef -i en_GB -f UTF-8 en_GB.UTF-8
264localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
265localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
266localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
267localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
268localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
269localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
270localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
271localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
272localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
273localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
274localedef -i it_IT -f UTF-8 it_IT.UTF-8
275localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
276localedef -i ru_RU -f KOI8-R ru_RU.KOI8-R
277localedef -i ru_RU -f UTF-8 ru_RU.UTF-8
278localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
279localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
280
281 <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
282 character set.</para>
283
284 <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
285 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
286 (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
287 following time-consuming command:</para>
288
289<screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
290
291 <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
292 install locales not listed in the
293 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
294 in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
295
296 <note><para>Glibc now uses libidn2 when resolving internationalized
297 domain names. This is a run time dependency. If this capability
298 is needed, the instrucions for installing libidn2 are in the
299 <ulink url="&blfs-book;general/libidn2.html">BLFS libidn2 page</ulink>.
300 </para></note>
301
302 </sect2>
303
304 <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
305 <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
306
307 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
308 <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
309 </indexterm>
310
311 <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
312 <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
313 </indexterm>
314
315 <sect3>
316 <title>Adding nsswitch.conf</title>
317
318 <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
319 because the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment.
320 </para>
321
322 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
323 following:</para>
324
325<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/nsswitch.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
326<literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
327
328passwd: files
329group: files
330shadow: files
331
332hosts: files dns
333networks: files
334
335protocols: files
336services: files
337ethers: files
338rpc: files
339
340# End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
341EOF</userinput></screen>
342
343 </sect3>
344
345 <sect3>
346 <title>Adding time zone data</title>
347
348 <para>Install and set up the time zone data with the following:</para>
349<screen><userinput>tar -xf ../../tzdata&tzdata-version;.tar.gz
350
351ZONEINFO=/usr/share/zoneinfo
352mkdir -pv $ZONEINFO/{posix,right}
353
354for tz in etcetera southamerica northamerica europe africa antarctica \
355 asia australasia backward pacificnew systemv; do
356 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
357 zic -L /dev/null -d $ZONEINFO/posix -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
358 zic -L leapseconds -d $ZONEINFO/right -y "sh yearistype.sh" ${tz}
359done
360
361cp -v zone.tab zone1970.tab iso3166.tab $ZONEINFO
362zic -d $ZONEINFO -p America/New_York
363unset ZONEINFO</userinput></screen>
364
365 <variablelist>
366 <title>The meaning of the zic commands:</title>
367
368 <varlistentry>
369 <term><parameter>zic -L /dev/null ...</parameter></term>
370 <listitem>
371 <para>This creates posix time zones, without any leap seconds. It is
372 conventional to put these in both
373 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename> and
374 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo/posix</filename>. It is
375 necessary to put the POSIX time zones in
376 <filename class="directory">zoneinfo</filename>, otherwise various
377 test-suites will report errors. On an embedded system, where space is
378 tight and you do not intend to ever update the time zones, you could save
379 1.9MB by not using the <filename class="directory">posix</filename>
380 directory, but some applications or test-suites might produce some
381 failures.</para>
382 </listitem>
383 </varlistentry>
384 <varlistentry>
385 <term><parameter>zic -L leapseconds ...</parameter></term>
386 <listitem>
387 <para>This creates right time zones, including leap seconds. On an
388 embedded system, where space is tight and you do not intend to
389 ever update the time zones, or care about the correct time, you could
390 save 1.9MB by omitting the <filename class="directory">right</filename>
391 directory.</para>
392 </listitem>
393 </varlistentry>
394 <varlistentry>
395 <term><parameter>zic ... -p ...</parameter></term>
396 <listitem>
397 <para>This creates the <filename>posixrules</filename> file. We use
398 New York because POSIX requires the daylight savings time rules
399 to be in accordance with US rules.</para>
400 </listitem>
401 </varlistentry>
402 </variablelist>
403
404
405 <para>One way to determine the local time zone is to run the following
406 script:</para>
407
408<screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
409
410 <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
411 output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
412 <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
413 time zones listed in <filename
414 class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
415 <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
416 are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
417
418 <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
419 running:</para>
420
421<screen revision="sysv"><userinput>cp -v /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
422
423<screen revision="systemd"><userinput>ln -sfv /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
424
425 <para>Replace <replaceable>&lt;xxx&gt;</replaceable> with the name of the
426 time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
427
428 </sect3>
429
430 <sect3 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
431 <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
432
433 <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
434 <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
435 </indexterm>
436
437 <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
438 class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
439 <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
440 class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
441 needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
442 directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
443 <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
444 to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
445 dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
446 to contain additional libraries are <filename
447 class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
448 class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
449 dynamic loader's search path.</para>
450
451 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
452 following:</para>
453
454<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
455<literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
456/usr/local/lib
457/opt/lib
458</literal>
459EOF</userinput></screen>
460
461 <para>If desired, the dynamic loader can also search a directory and
462 include the contents of files found there. Generally the files in
463 this include directory are one line specifying the desired library path.
464 To add this capability run the following commands:</para>
465
466<screen role="nodump"><userinput>cat &gt;&gt; /etc/ld.so.conf &lt;&lt; "EOF"
467<literal># Add an include directory
468include /etc/ld.so.conf.d/*.conf
469</literal>
470EOF
471mkdir -pv /etc/ld.so.conf.d</userinput></screen>
472
473 </sect3>
474 </sect2>
475
476 <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
477 <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
478
479 <segmentedlist>
480 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
481 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
482 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
483
484 <seglistitem>
485 <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
486 ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, makedb, mtrace, nscd,
487 pldd, sln, sotruss, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
488 zdump, and zic</seg>
489 <seg>ld-&glibc-version;.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
490 libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
491 libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
492 libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
493 libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
494 libnss_nisplus.so, libpthread.{a,so},
495 libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
496 libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
497 <seg>/usr/include/arpa, /usr/include/bits, /usr/include/gnu,
498 /usr/include/net, /usr/include/netash, /usr/include/netatalk,
499 /usr/include/netax25, /usr/include/neteconet, /usr/include/netinet,
500 /usr/include/netipx, /usr/include/netiucv, /usr/include/netpacket,
501 /usr/include/netrom, /usr/include/netrose, /usr/include/nfs,
502 /usr/include/protocols, /usr/include/rpc, /usr/include/rpcsvc,
503 /usr/include/sys, /usr/lib/audit, /usr/lib/gconv, /usr/lib/locale,
504 /usr/libexec/getconf, /usr/share/i18n, /usr/share/zoneinfo,
505 /var/cache/nscd, and /var/lib/nss_db</seg>
506 </seglistitem>
507 </segmentedlist>
508
509 <variablelist>
510 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
511 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
512 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
513
514 <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
515 <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
516 <listitem>
517 <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
518 terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
519 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
520 <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
521 </indexterm>
522 </listitem>
523 </varlistentry>
524
525 <varlistentry id="gencat">
526 <term><command>gencat</command></term>
527 <listitem>
528 <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
529 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
530 <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
531 </indexterm>
532 </listitem>
533 </varlistentry>
534
535 <varlistentry id="getconf">
536 <term><command>getconf</command></term>
537 <listitem>
538 <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
539 specific variables</para>
540 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
541 <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
542 </indexterm>
543 </listitem>
544 </varlistentry>
545
546 <varlistentry id="getent">
547 <term><command>getent</command></term>
548 <listitem>
549 <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
550 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
551 <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
552 </indexterm>
553 </listitem>
554 </varlistentry>
555
556 <varlistentry id="iconv">
557 <term><command>iconv</command></term>
558 <listitem>
559 <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
560 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
561 <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
562 </indexterm>
563 </listitem>
564 </varlistentry>
565
566 <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
567 <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
568 <listitem>
569 <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
570 files</para>
571 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
572 <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
573 </indexterm>
574 </listitem>
575 </varlistentry>
576
577 <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
578 <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
579 <listitem>
580 <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
581 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
582 <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
583 </indexterm>
584 </listitem>
585 </varlistentry>
586
587 <varlistentry id="ldd">
588 <term><command>ldd</command></term>
589 <listitem>
590 <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
591 by each given program or shared library</para>
592 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
593 <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
594 </indexterm>
595 </listitem>
596 </varlistentry>
597
598 <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
599 <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
600 <listitem>
601 <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
602 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
603 <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
604 </indexterm>
605 </listitem>
606 </varlistentry>
607
608 <varlistentry id="locale">
609 <term><command>locale</command></term>
610 <listitem>
611 <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
612 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
613 <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
614 </indexterm>
615 </listitem>
616 </varlistentry>
617
618 <varlistentry id="localedef">
619 <term><command>localedef</command></term>
620 <listitem>
621 <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
622 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
623 <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
624 </indexterm>
625 </listitem>
626 </varlistentry>
627
628 <varlistentry id="makedb">
629 <term><command>makedb</command></term>
630 <listitem>
631 <para>Creates a simple database from textual input</para>
632 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc makedb">
633 <primary sortas="b-makedb">makedb</primary>
634 </indexterm>
635 </listitem>
636 </varlistentry>
637
638 <varlistentry id="mtrace">
639 <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
640 <listitem>
641 <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
642 in human-readable format</para>
643 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
644 <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
645 </indexterm>
646 </listitem>
647 </varlistentry>
648
649 <varlistentry id="nscd">
650 <term><command>nscd</command></term>
651 <listitem>
652 <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
653 service requests</para>
654 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
655 <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
656 </indexterm>
657 </listitem>
658 </varlistentry>
659
660 <varlistentry id="pldd">
661 <term><command>pldd</command></term>
662 <listitem>
663 <para>Lists dynamic shared objects used by running processes</para>
664 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pldd">
665 <primary sortas="b-pldd">pldd</primary>
666 </indexterm>
667 </listitem>
668 </varlistentry>
669
670 <varlistentry id="sln">
671 <term><command>sln</command></term>
672 <listitem>
673 <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
674 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
675 <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
676 </indexterm>
677 </listitem>
678 </varlistentry>
679
680 <varlistentry id="sotruss">
681 <term><command>sotruss</command></term>
682 <listitem>
683 <para>Traces shared library procedure calls of a specified command</para>
684 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sotruss">
685 <primary sortas="b-sotruss">sotruss</primary>
686 </indexterm>
687 </listitem>
688 </varlistentry>
689
690 <varlistentry id="sprof">
691 <term><command>sprof</command></term>
692 <listitem>
693 <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
694 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
695 <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
696 </indexterm>
697 </listitem>
698 </varlistentry>
699
700 <varlistentry id="tzselect">
701 <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
702 <listitem>
703 <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
704 the corresponding time zone description</para>
705 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
706 <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
707 </indexterm>
708 </listitem>
709 </varlistentry>
710
711 <varlistentry id="xtrace">
712 <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
713 <listitem>
714 <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
715 executed function</para>
716 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
717 <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
718 </indexterm>
719 </listitem>
720 </varlistentry>
721
722 <varlistentry id="zdump">
723 <term><command>zdump</command></term>
724 <listitem>
725 <para>The time zone dumper</para>
726 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
727 <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
728 </indexterm>
729 </listitem>
730 </varlistentry>
731
732 <varlistentry id="zic">
733 <term><command>zic</command></term>
734 <listitem>
735 <para>The time zone compiler</para>
736 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
737 <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
738 </indexterm>
739 </listitem>
740 </varlistentry>
741
742 <varlistentry id="ld.so">
743 <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld-&glibc-version;.so</filename></term>
744 <listitem>
745 <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
747 <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld-&glibc-version;.so</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
753 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
756 (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
757 <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
758 for more information</para>
759 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
760 <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
761 </indexterm>
762 </listitem>
763 </varlistentry>
764
765 <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
766 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
767 <listitem>
768 <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
769 <command>catchsegv</command></para>
770 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
771 <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
772 </indexterm>
773 </listitem>
774 </varlistentry>
775
776 <varlistentry id="libanl">
777 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
778 <listitem>
779 <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
780 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
781 <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
782 </indexterm>
783 </listitem>
784 </varlistentry>
785
786 <varlistentry id="libc">
787 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
788 <listitem>
789 <para>The main C library</para>
790 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
791 <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
792 </indexterm>
793 </listitem>
794 </varlistentry>
795
796 <varlistentry id="libcidn">
797 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
798 <listitem>
799 <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
800 names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
801 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcidn">
802 <primary sortas="c-libcidn">libcidn</primary>
803 </indexterm>
804 </listitem>
805 </varlistentry>
806
807 <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
808 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
809 <listitem>
810 <para>The cryptography library</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
812 <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="libdl">
818 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
822 <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="libg">
828 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
831 library for <command>g++</command></para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
833 <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="libieee">
839 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
842 functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
843 Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
844 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
845 <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
846 </indexterm>
847 </listitem>
848 </varlistentry>
849
850 <varlistentry id="libm">
851 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
852 <listitem>
853 <para>The mathematical library</para>
854 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
855 <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
856 </indexterm>
857 </listitem>
858 </varlistentry>
859
860 <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
861 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
862 <listitem>
863 <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
865 <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
871 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
874 information about the memory usage of a program</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
876 <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="libnsl">
882 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>The network services library</para>
885 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
886 <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
887 </indexterm>
888 </listitem>
889 </varlistentry>
890
891 <varlistentry id="libnss">
892 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
893 <listitem>
894 <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
895 resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
896 protocols, etc.</para>
897 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
898 <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
899 </indexterm>
900 </listitem>
901 </varlistentry>
902
903 <varlistentry id="libpthread">
904 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
905 <listitem>
906 <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
907 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
908 <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
909 </indexterm>
910 </listitem>
911 </varlistentry>
912
913 <varlistentry id="libresolv">
914 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
915 <listitem>
916 <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
917 packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
918 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
919 <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
920 </indexterm>
921 </listitem>
922 </varlistentry>
923
924 <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
925 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
926 <listitem>
927 <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
928 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
929 <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
930 </indexterm>
931 </listitem>
932 </varlistentry>
933
934 <varlistentry id="librt">
935 <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
936 <listitem>
937 <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
938 by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
939 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
940 <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
941 </indexterm>
942 </listitem>
943 </varlistentry>
944
945 <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
946 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
947 <listitem>
948 <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
949 multi-threaded programs</para>
950 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
951 <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
952 </indexterm>
953 </listitem>
954 </varlistentry>
955
956 <varlistentry id="libutil">
957 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
958 <listitem>
959 <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
960 many different Unix utilities</para>
961 <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
962 <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
963 </indexterm>
964 </listitem>
965 </varlistentry>
966
967 </variablelist>
968
969 </sect2>
970
971</sect1>
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