1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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5 | %general-entities;
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6 | ]>
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7 |
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8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-glibc" role="wrap">
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9 | <?dbhtml filename="glibc.html"?>
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10 |
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11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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12 | <productname>glibc</productname>
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13 | <productnumber>&glibc-version;</productnumber>
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14 | <address>&glibc-url;</address>
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15 | </sect1info>
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16 |
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17 | <title>Glibc-&glibc-version;</title>
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18 |
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19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc">
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20 | <primary sortas="a-Glibc">Glibc</primary>
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21 | </indexterm>
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22 |
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23 | <sect2 role="package">
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24 | <title/>
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25 |
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26 | <para>The Glibc package contains the main C library. This library provides
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27 | the basic routines for allocating memory, searching directories, opening and
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28 | closing files, reading and writing files, string handling, pattern matching,
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29 | arithmetic, and so on.</para>
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30 |
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31 | <segmentedlist>
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32 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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33 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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34 |
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35 | <seglistitem>
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36 | <seg>&glibc-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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37 | <seg>&glibc-ch6-du;</seg>
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38 | </seglistitem>
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39 | </segmentedlist>
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40 |
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41 | </sect2>
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42 |
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43 | <sect2 role="installation">
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44 | <title>Installation of Glibc</title>
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45 |
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46 | <note>
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47 | <para>Some packages outside of LFS suggest installing GNU libiconv in
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48 | order to translate data from one encoding to another. The project's
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49 | home page (<ulink url="http://www.gnu.org/software/libiconv/"/>) says
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50 | <quote>This library provides an <function>iconv()</function>
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51 | implementation, for use on systems which don't have one, or whose
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52 | implementation cannot convert from/to Unicode.</quote> Glibc provides
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53 | an <function>iconv()</function> implementation and can convert from/to
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54 | Unicode, therefore libiconv is not required on an LFS system.</para>
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55 | </note>
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56 |
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57 | <para>The Glibc build system is self-contained and will install
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58 | perfectly, even though the compiler specs file and linker are still
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59 | pointing at <filename class="directory">/tools</filename>. The specs
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60 | and linker cannot be adjusted before the Glibc install because the
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61 | Glibc autoconf tests would give false results and defeat the goal
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62 | of achieving a clean build.</para>
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63 |
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64 | <para>The glibc-libidn tarball adds support for internationalized domain
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65 | names (IDN) to Glibc. Many programs that support IDN require the full
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66 | <filename class="libraryfile">libidn</filename> library, not this add-on (see
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67 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/general/libidn.html"/>).
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68 | Unpack the tarball from within the Glibc source directory:</para>
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69 |
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70 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xvf ../glibc-libidn-&glibc-version;.tar.bz2
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71 | mv -v glibc-libidn-&glibc-version; libidn</userinput></screen>
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72 |
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73 | <!--
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74 | This should have been fixed a long time ago.
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75 |
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76 | <para>In the vi_VN.TCVN locale, <command>bash</command> enters an infinite
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77 | loop at startup. It is unknown whether this is a <command>bash</command>
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78 | bug or a Glibc problem. Disable installation of this locale in order to
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79 | avoid the problem:</para>
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80 |
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81 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i '/vi_VN.TCVN/d' localedata/SUPPORTED</userinput></screen>
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82 | -->
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83 |
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84 | <para>When running <command>make install</command>, a script called
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85 | <filename>test-installation.pl</filename> performs a small sanity test on
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86 | our newly installed Glibc. However, because our toolchain still points to
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87 | the <filename class="directory">/tools</filename> directory, the sanity
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88 | test would be carried out against the wrong Glibc. We can force the script
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89 | to check the Glibc we have just installed with the following:</para>
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90 |
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91 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">DL=$(readelf -l /bin/sh | sed -n 's@.*interpret.*/tools\(.*\)]$@\1@p')
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92 | sed -i "s|libs -o|libs -L/usr/lib -Wl,-dynamic-linker=$DL -o|" \
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93 | scripts/test-installation.pl
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94 | unset DL</userinput></screen>
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95 |
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96 | <para>The <command>ldd</command> shell script contains Bash-specific
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97 | syntax. Change its default program interpreter to <command>/bin/bash</command>
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98 | in case another <command>/bin/sh</command> is installed as described in the
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99 | <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/svn/postlfs/shells.html">Shells</ulink>
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100 | chapter of the BLFS book:</para>
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101 |
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102 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's|@BASH@|/bin/bash|' elf/ldd.bash.in</userinput></screen>
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103 |
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104 | <para>Fix an error in one of the make check routines. Note that the escaped
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105 | newline in the second <command>sed</command> is required:</para>
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106 |
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107 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i s/utf8/UTF-8/ libio/tst-fgetwc.c
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108 | sed -i '/tst-fgetws-ENV/ a\
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109 | tst-fgetwc-ENV = LOCPATH=$(common-objpfx)localedata' libio/Makefile</userinput></screen>
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110 |
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111 | <!-- This sed can be removed for any glibc newer than 2.10.1 (along with the
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112 | matching sed in chapter 5). See glibc bug 10262. -->
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113 | <para>Fix an error in the constants that get passed to the futex system
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114 | call in some cases, causing certain pthread_mutex operations to fail:</para>
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115 |
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116 | <!-- Format below is for proper pdf generation -->
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117 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i \
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118 | -e 's/FUTEX_WAIT\( | FUTEX_CLOCK_REALTIME, reg\)/FUTEX_WAIT_BITSET\1/' \
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119 | nptl/sysdeps/unix/sysv/linux/i386/i486/lowlevellock.S</userinput></screen>
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120 |
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121 | <para>The Glibc documentation recommends building Glibc outside of the source
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122 | directory in a dedicated build directory:</para>
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123 |
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124 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v ../glibc-build
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125 | cd ../glibc-build</userinput></screen>
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126 |
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127 | <para>As in Chapter 5, add the needed compiler flags to CFLAGS for x86 machines.
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128 | Here, the optimization of the library is also set for the gcc compiler to
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129 | enhance compilation speed (-pipe) and package performance (-O3).</para>
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130 |
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131 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">case `uname -m` in
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132 | i?86) echo "CFLAGS += -march=i486 -mtune=native -O3 -pipe" > configparms ;;
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133 | esac</userinput></screen>
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134 |
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135 | <para>Prepare Glibc for compilation:</para>
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136 |
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137 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">../glibc-&glibc-version;/configure --prefix=/usr \
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138 | --disable-profile --enable-add-ons \
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139 | --enable-kernel=2.6.18 --libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</userinput></screen>
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140 |
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141 | <variablelist>
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142 | <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
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143 |
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144 | <varlistentry>
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145 | <term><parameter>--libexecdir=/usr/lib/glibc</parameter></term>
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146 | <listitem>
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147 | <para>This changes the location of the <command>pt_chown</command>
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148 | program from its default of <filename
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149 | class="directory">/usr/libexec</filename> to <filename
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150 | class="directory">/usr/lib/glibc</filename>.</para>
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151 | </listitem>
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152 | </varlistentry>
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153 |
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154 | </variablelist>
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155 |
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156 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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157 |
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158 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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159 |
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160 | <important>
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161 | <para>In this section, the test suite for Glibc is considered critical.
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162 | Do not skip it under any circumstance.</para>
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163 | </important>
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164 |
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165 | <para>Before running the tests, copy a file from the source tree into our
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166 | build tree to prevent a couple of test failures, then test the
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167 | results:</para>
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168 |
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169 | <screen><userinput remap="test">cp -v ../glibc-&glibc-version;/iconvdata/gconv-modules iconvdata
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170 | make -k check 2>&1 | tee glibc-check-log
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171 | grep Error glibc-check-log</userinput></screen>
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172 |
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173 | <para>You will probably see an expected (ignored) failure in the
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174 | <emphasis>posix/annexc</emphasis> test. In addition the Glibc test suite
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175 | is somewhat dependent on the host system. This is a list of the most
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176 | common issues:</para>
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177 |
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178 | <itemizedlist>
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179 | <!-- Check again after updating from gcc-4.1.x -->
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180 | <listitem>
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181 | <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-cancel1</emphasis> test will fail when
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182 | using the 4.1 series of GCC.</para>
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183 | </listitem>
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184 | <!-- Was true in glibc-2.3.6 -->
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185 | <listitem>
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186 | <para>The <emphasis>nptl/tst-clock2</emphasis> and
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187 | <emphasis>tst-attr3</emphasis> tests sometimes
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188 | fail. The reason is not completely understood, but indications
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189 | are that a heavy system load can trigger these failures.</para>
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190 | </listitem>
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191 | <listitem>
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192 | <para>The math tests sometimes fail when running on
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193 | systems where the CPU is not a relatively new genuine Intel or
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194 | authentic AMD processor.</para>
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195 | </listitem>
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196 | <listitem>
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197 | <para>If you have mounted the LFS partition with the
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198 | <parameter>noatime</parameter> option, the <emphasis>atime</emphasis>
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199 | test will fail. As mentioned in <xref linkend="space-mounting"/>, do not
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200 | use the <parameter>noatime</parameter> option while building LFS.</para>
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201 | </listitem>
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202 | <listitem>
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203 | <para>When running on older and slower hardware or on systems under
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204 | load, some tests can fail because of test timeouts being exceeded.</para>
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205 | </listitem>
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206 | </itemizedlist>
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207 |
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208 | <para>Though it is a harmless message, the install stage of Glibc will
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209 | complain about the absence of <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename>.
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210 | Prevent this warning with:</para>
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211 |
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212 | <screen><userinput remap="install">touch /etc/ld.so.conf</userinput></screen>
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213 |
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214 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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215 |
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216 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>
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217 |
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218 | <para>The locales that can make the system respond in a different language
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219 | were not installed by the above command. None of the locales are required,
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220 | but if some of them are missing, testsuites of the future packages would
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221 | skip important testcases.</para>
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222 |
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223 | <para>Individual locales can be installed using the
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224 | <command>localedef</command> program. E.g., the first
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225 | <command>localedef</command> command below combines the
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226 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/locales/cs_CZ</filename>
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227 | charset-independent locale definition with the
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228 | <filename>/usr/share/i18n/charmaps/UTF-8.gz</filename>
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229 | charmap definition and appends the result to the
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230 | <filename>/usr/lib/locale/locale-archive</filename> file.
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231 | The following instructions will install the minimum set of
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232 | locales necessary for the optimal coverage of tests:</para>
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233 |
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234 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput remap="locale-test">mkdir -pv /usr/lib/locale
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235 | localedef -i cs_CZ -f UTF-8 cs_CZ.UTF-8
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236 | localedef -i de_DE -f ISO-8859-1 de_DE
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237 | localedef -i de_DE@euro -f ISO-8859-15 de_DE@euro
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238 | localedef -i de_DE -f UTF-8 de_DE.UTF-8
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239 | localedef -i en_HK -f ISO-8859-1 en_HK
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240 | localedef -i en_PH -f ISO-8859-1 en_PH
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241 | localedef -i en_US -f ISO-8859-1 en_US
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242 | localedef -i en_US -f UTF-8 en_US.UTF-8
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243 | localedef -i es_MX -f ISO-8859-1 es_MX
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244 | localedef -i fa_IR -f UTF-8 fa_IR
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245 | localedef -i fr_FR -f ISO-8859-1 fr_FR
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246 | localedef -i fr_FR@euro -f ISO-8859-15 fr_FR@euro
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247 | localedef -i fr_FR -f UTF-8 fr_FR.UTF-8
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248 | localedef -i it_IT -f ISO-8859-1 it_IT
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249 | localedef -i ja_JP -f EUC-JP ja_JP
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250 | localedef -i tr_TR -f UTF-8 tr_TR.UTF-8
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251 | localedef -i zh_CN -f GB18030 zh_CN.GB18030</userinput></screen>
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252 |
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253 | <para>In addition, install the locale for your own country, language and
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254 | character set.</para>
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255 |
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256 | <para>Alternatively, install all locales listed in the
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257 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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258 | (it includes every locale listed above and many more) at once with the
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259 | following time-consuming command:</para>
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260 |
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261 | <screen><userinput remap="locale-full">make localedata/install-locales</userinput></screen>
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262 |
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263 | <para>Then use the <command>localedef</command> command to create and
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264 | install locales not listed in the
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265 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/localedata/SUPPORTED</filename> file
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266 | in the unlikely case you need them.</para>
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267 | <!-- The Live CD patches the localedata/SUPPORTED file instead of
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268 | running localedef, the results are equivalent -->
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269 |
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270 | </sect2>
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271 |
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272 | <sect2 id="conf-glibc" role="configuration">
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273 | <title>Configuring Glibc</title>
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274 |
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275 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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276 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/nsswitch.conf">/etc/nsswitch.conf</primary>
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277 | </indexterm>
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278 |
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279 | <indexterm zone="conf-glibc">
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280 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/localtime">/etc/localtime</primary>
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281 | </indexterm>
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282 |
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283 | <para>The <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> file needs to be created
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284 | because, although Glibc provides defaults when this file is missing or corrupt,
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285 | the Glibc defaults do not work well in a networked environment. The time zone
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286 | also needs to be configured.</para>
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287 |
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288 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/nsswitch.conf</filename> by running the
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289 | following:</para>
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290 |
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291 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/nsswitch.conf << "EOF"
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292 | <literal># Begin /etc/nsswitch.conf
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293 |
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294 | passwd: files
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295 | group: files
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296 | shadow: files
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297 |
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298 | hosts: files dns
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299 | networks: files
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300 |
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301 | protocols: files
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302 | services: files
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303 | ethers: files
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304 | rpc: files
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305 |
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306 | # End /etc/nsswitch.conf</literal>
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307 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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308 |
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309 | <para>One way to determine the local time zone, run the following
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310 | script:</para>
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311 |
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312 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>tzselect</userinput></screen>
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313 |
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314 | <para>After answering a few questions about the location, the script will
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315 | output the name of the time zone (e.g.,
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316 | <emphasis>America/Edmonton</emphasis>). There are also some other possible
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317 | timezones listed in <filename
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318 | class='directory'>/usr/share/zoneinfo</filename> such as
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319 | <emphasis>Canada/Eastern</emphasis> or <emphasis>EST5EDT</emphasis> that
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320 | are not identified by the script but can be used.</para>
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321 |
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322 | <para>Then create the <filename>/etc/localtime</filename> file by
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323 | running:</para>
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324 |
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325 | <screen><userinput>cp -v --remove-destination /usr/share/zoneinfo/<replaceable><xxx></replaceable> \
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326 | /etc/localtime</userinput></screen>
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327 |
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328 | <para>Replace <replaceable><xxx></replaceable> with the name of the
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329 | time zone selected (e.g., Canada/Eastern).</para>
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330 |
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331 | <variablelist>
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332 | <title>The meaning of the cp option:</title>
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333 |
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334 | <varlistentry>
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335 | <term><parameter>--remove-destination</parameter></term>
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336 | <listitem>
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337 | <para>This is needed to force removal of the already existing symbolic
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338 | link. The reason for copying the file instead of using a symlink is to
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339 | cover the situation where <filename class="directory">/usr</filename>
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340 | is on a separate partition. This could be important when booted into
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341 | single user mode.</para>
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342 | </listitem>
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343 | </varlistentry>
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344 |
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345 | </variablelist>
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346 |
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347 | </sect2>
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348 |
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349 | <sect2 id="conf-ld" role="configuration">
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350 | <title>Configuring the Dynamic Loader</title>
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351 |
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352 | <indexterm zone="conf-ld">
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353 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/ld.so.conf">/etc/ld.so.conf</primary>
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354 | </indexterm>
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355 |
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356 | <para>By default, the dynamic loader (<filename
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357 | class="libraryfile">/lib/ld-linux.so.2</filename>) searches through
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358 | <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and <filename
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359 | class="directory">/usr/lib</filename> for dynamic libraries that are
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360 | needed by programs as they are run. However, if there are libraries in
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361 | directories other than <filename class="directory">/lib</filename> and
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362 | <filename class="directory">/usr/lib</filename>, these need to be added
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363 | to the <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> file in order for the
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364 | dynamic loader to find them. Two directories that are commonly known
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365 | to contain additional libraries are <filename
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366 | class="directory">/usr/local/lib</filename> and <filename
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367 | class="directory">/opt/lib</filename>, so add those directories to the
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368 | dynamic loader's search path.</para>
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369 |
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370 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/ld.so.conf</filename> by running the
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371 | following:</para>
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372 |
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373 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/ld.so.conf << "EOF"
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374 | <literal># Begin /etc/ld.so.conf
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375 |
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376 | /usr/local/lib
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377 | /opt/lib
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378 |
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379 | # End /etc/ld.so.conf</literal>
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380 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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381 |
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382 | </sect2>
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383 |
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384 | <sect2 id="contents-glibc" role="content">
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385 | <title>Contents of Glibc</title>
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386 |
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387 | <segmentedlist>
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388 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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389 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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390 |
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391 | <seglistitem>
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392 | <seg>catchsegv, gencat, getconf, getent, iconv, iconvconfig, ldconfig,
|
---|
393 | ldd, lddlibc4, locale, localedef, mtrace, nscd, pcprofiledump,
|
---|
394 | pt_chown, rpcgen, rpcinfo, sln, sprof, tzselect, xtrace,
|
---|
395 | zdump, and zic</seg>
|
---|
396 | <seg>ld.so, libBrokenLocale.{a,so}, libSegFault.so, libanl.{a,so},
|
---|
397 | libbsd-compat.a, libc.{a,so}, libc_nonshared.a, libcidn.so,
|
---|
398 | libcrypt.{a,so}, libdl.{a,so}, libg.a, libieee.a, libm.{a,so},
|
---|
399 | libmcheck.a, libmemusage.so, libnsl.{a,so}, libnss_compat.so,
|
---|
400 | libnss_dns.so, libnss_files.so, libnss_hesiod.so, libnss_nis.so,
|
---|
401 | libnss_nisplus.so, libpcprofile.so, libpthread.{a,so},
|
---|
402 | libpthread_nonshared.a, libresolv.{a,so}, librpcsvc.a, librt.{a,so},
|
---|
403 | libthread_db.so, and libutil.{a,so}</seg>
|
---|
404 | </seglistitem>
|
---|
405 | </segmentedlist>
|
---|
406 |
|
---|
407 | <variablelist>
|
---|
408 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
|
---|
409 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
|
---|
410 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
|
---|
411 |
|
---|
412 | <varlistentry id="catchsegv">
|
---|
413 | <term><command>catchsegv</command></term>
|
---|
414 | <listitem>
|
---|
415 | <para>Can be used to create a stack trace when a program
|
---|
416 | terminates with a segmentation fault</para>
|
---|
417 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc catchsegv">
|
---|
418 | <primary sortas="b-catchsegv">catchsegv</primary>
|
---|
419 | </indexterm>
|
---|
420 | </listitem>
|
---|
421 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
422 |
|
---|
423 | <varlistentry id="gencat">
|
---|
424 | <term><command>gencat</command></term>
|
---|
425 | <listitem>
|
---|
426 | <para>Generates message catalogues</para>
|
---|
427 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc gencat">
|
---|
428 | <primary sortas="b-gencat">gencat</primary>
|
---|
429 | </indexterm>
|
---|
430 | </listitem>
|
---|
431 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
432 |
|
---|
433 | <varlistentry id="getconf">
|
---|
434 | <term><command>getconf</command></term>
|
---|
435 | <listitem>
|
---|
436 | <para>Displays the system configuration values for file system
|
---|
437 | specific variables</para>
|
---|
438 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getconf">
|
---|
439 | <primary sortas="b-getconf">getconf</primary>
|
---|
440 | </indexterm>
|
---|
441 | </listitem>
|
---|
442 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
443 |
|
---|
444 | <varlistentry id="getent">
|
---|
445 | <term><command>getent</command></term>
|
---|
446 | <listitem>
|
---|
447 | <para>Gets entries from an administrative database</para>
|
---|
448 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc getent">
|
---|
449 | <primary sortas="b-getent">getent</primary>
|
---|
450 | </indexterm>
|
---|
451 | </listitem>
|
---|
452 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
453 |
|
---|
454 | <varlistentry id="iconv">
|
---|
455 | <term><command>iconv</command></term>
|
---|
456 | <listitem>
|
---|
457 | <para>Performs character set conversion</para>
|
---|
458 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconv">
|
---|
459 | <primary sortas="b-iconv">iconv</primary>
|
---|
460 | </indexterm>
|
---|
461 | </listitem>
|
---|
462 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
463 |
|
---|
464 | <varlistentry id="iconvconfig">
|
---|
465 | <term><command>iconvconfig</command></term>
|
---|
466 | <listitem>
|
---|
467 | <para>Creates fastloading <command>iconv</command> module configuration
|
---|
468 | files</para>
|
---|
469 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc iconvconfig">
|
---|
470 | <primary sortas="b-iconvconfig">iconvconfig</primary>
|
---|
471 | </indexterm>
|
---|
472 | </listitem>
|
---|
473 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
474 |
|
---|
475 | <varlistentry id="ldconfig">
|
---|
476 | <term><command>ldconfig</command></term>
|
---|
477 | <listitem>
|
---|
478 | <para>Configures the dynamic linker runtime bindings</para>
|
---|
479 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldconfig">
|
---|
480 | <primary sortas="b-ldconfig">ldconfig</primary>
|
---|
481 | </indexterm>
|
---|
482 | </listitem>
|
---|
483 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
484 |
|
---|
485 | <varlistentry id="ldd">
|
---|
486 | <term><command>ldd</command></term>
|
---|
487 | <listitem>
|
---|
488 | <para>Reports which shared libraries are required
|
---|
489 | by each given program or shared library</para>
|
---|
490 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ldd">
|
---|
491 | <primary sortas="b-ldd">ldd</primary>
|
---|
492 | </indexterm>
|
---|
493 | </listitem>
|
---|
494 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
495 |
|
---|
496 | <varlistentry id="lddlibc4">
|
---|
497 | <term><command>lddlibc4</command></term>
|
---|
498 | <listitem>
|
---|
499 | <para>Assists <command>ldd</command> with object files</para>
|
---|
500 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc lddlibc4">
|
---|
501 | <primary sortas="b-lddlibc4">lddlibc4</primary>
|
---|
502 | </indexterm>
|
---|
503 | </listitem>
|
---|
504 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
505 |
|
---|
506 | <varlistentry id="locale">
|
---|
507 | <term><command>locale</command></term>
|
---|
508 | <listitem>
|
---|
509 | <para>Prints various information about the current locale</para>
|
---|
510 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc locale">
|
---|
511 | <primary sortas="b-locale">locale</primary>
|
---|
512 | </indexterm>
|
---|
513 | </listitem>
|
---|
514 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
515 |
|
---|
516 | <varlistentry id="localedef">
|
---|
517 | <term><command>localedef</command></term>
|
---|
518 | <listitem>
|
---|
519 | <para>Compiles locale specifications</para>
|
---|
520 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc localedef">
|
---|
521 | <primary sortas="b-localedef">localedef</primary>
|
---|
522 | </indexterm>
|
---|
523 | </listitem>
|
---|
524 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
525 |
|
---|
526 | <varlistentry id="mtrace">
|
---|
527 | <term><command>mtrace</command></term>
|
---|
528 | <listitem>
|
---|
529 | <para>Reads and interprets a memory trace file and displays a summary
|
---|
530 | in human-readable format</para>
|
---|
531 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc mtrace">
|
---|
532 | <primary sortas="b-mtrace">mtrace</primary>
|
---|
533 | </indexterm>
|
---|
534 | </listitem>
|
---|
535 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
536 |
|
---|
537 | <varlistentry id="nscd">
|
---|
538 | <term><command>nscd</command></term>
|
---|
539 | <listitem>
|
---|
540 | <para>A daemon that provides a cache for the most common name
|
---|
541 | service requests</para>
|
---|
542 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc nscd">
|
---|
543 | <primary sortas="b-nscd">nscd</primary>
|
---|
544 | </indexterm>
|
---|
545 | </listitem>
|
---|
546 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
547 |
|
---|
548 | <varlistentry id="pcprofiledump">
|
---|
549 | <term><command>pcprofiledump</command></term>
|
---|
550 | <listitem>
|
---|
551 | <para>Dumps information generated by PC profiling</para>
|
---|
552 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pcprofiledump">
|
---|
553 | <primary sortas="b-pcprofiledump">pcprofiledump</primary>
|
---|
554 | </indexterm>
|
---|
555 | </listitem>
|
---|
556 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
557 |
|
---|
558 | <varlistentry id="pt_chown">
|
---|
559 | <term><command>pt_chown</command></term>
|
---|
560 | <listitem>
|
---|
561 | <para>A helper program for <command>grantpt</command> to set the owner,
|
---|
562 | group and access permissions of a slave pseudo terminal</para>
|
---|
563 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc pt_chown">
|
---|
564 | <primary sortas="b-pt_chown">pt_chown</primary>
|
---|
565 | </indexterm>
|
---|
566 | </listitem>
|
---|
567 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
568 |
|
---|
569 | <varlistentry id="rpcgen">
|
---|
570 | <term><command>rpcgen</command></term>
|
---|
571 | <listitem>
|
---|
572 | <para>Generates C code to implement the Remote Procedure Call (RPC)
|
---|
573 | protocol</para>
|
---|
574 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcgen">
|
---|
575 | <primary sortas="b-rpcgen">rpcgen</primary>
|
---|
576 | </indexterm>
|
---|
577 | </listitem>
|
---|
578 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
579 |
|
---|
580 | <varlistentry id="rpcinfo">
|
---|
581 | <term><command>rpcinfo</command></term>
|
---|
582 | <listitem>
|
---|
583 | <para>Makes an RPC call to an RPC server</para>
|
---|
584 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc rpcinfo">
|
---|
585 | <primary sortas="b-rpcinfo">rpcinfo</primary>
|
---|
586 | </indexterm>
|
---|
587 | </listitem>
|
---|
588 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
589 |
|
---|
590 | <varlistentry id="sln">
|
---|
591 | <term><command>sln</command></term>
|
---|
592 | <listitem>
|
---|
593 | <para>A statically linked <command>ln</command> program</para>
|
---|
594 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sln">
|
---|
595 | <primary sortas="b-sln">sln</primary>
|
---|
596 | </indexterm>
|
---|
597 | </listitem>
|
---|
598 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
599 |
|
---|
600 | <varlistentry id="sprof">
|
---|
601 | <term><command>sprof</command></term>
|
---|
602 | <listitem>
|
---|
603 | <para>Reads and displays shared object profiling data</para>
|
---|
604 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc sprof">
|
---|
605 | <primary sortas="b-sprof">sprof</primary>
|
---|
606 | </indexterm>
|
---|
607 | </listitem>
|
---|
608 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
609 |
|
---|
610 | <varlistentry id="tzselect">
|
---|
611 | <term><command>tzselect</command></term>
|
---|
612 | <listitem>
|
---|
613 | <para>Asks the user about the location of the system and reports
|
---|
614 | the corresponding time zone description</para>
|
---|
615 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc tzselect">
|
---|
616 | <primary sortas="b-tzselect">tzselect</primary>
|
---|
617 | </indexterm>
|
---|
618 | </listitem>
|
---|
619 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
620 |
|
---|
621 | <varlistentry id="xtrace">
|
---|
622 | <term><command>xtrace</command></term>
|
---|
623 | <listitem>
|
---|
624 | <para>Traces the execution of a program by printing the currently
|
---|
625 | executed function</para>
|
---|
626 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc xtrace">
|
---|
627 | <primary sortas="b-xtrace">xtrace</primary>
|
---|
628 | </indexterm>
|
---|
629 | </listitem>
|
---|
630 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
631 |
|
---|
632 | <varlistentry id="zdump">
|
---|
633 | <term><command>zdump</command></term>
|
---|
634 | <listitem>
|
---|
635 | <para>The time zone dumper</para>
|
---|
636 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zdump">
|
---|
637 | <primary sortas="b-zdump">zdump</primary>
|
---|
638 | </indexterm>
|
---|
639 | </listitem>
|
---|
640 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
641 |
|
---|
642 | <varlistentry id="zic">
|
---|
643 | <term><command>zic</command></term>
|
---|
644 | <listitem>
|
---|
645 | <para>The time zone compiler</para>
|
---|
646 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc zic">
|
---|
647 | <primary sortas="b-zic">zic</primary>
|
---|
648 | </indexterm>
|
---|
649 | </listitem>
|
---|
650 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
651 |
|
---|
652 | <varlistentry id="ld.so">
|
---|
653 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">ld.so</filename></term>
|
---|
654 | <listitem>
|
---|
655 | <para>The helper program for shared library executables</para>
|
---|
656 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc ld.so">
|
---|
657 | <primary sortas="c-ld.so">ld.so</primary>
|
---|
658 | </indexterm>
|
---|
659 | </listitem>
|
---|
660 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
661 |
|
---|
662 | <varlistentry id="libBrokenLocale">
|
---|
663 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libBrokenLocale</filename></term>
|
---|
664 | <listitem>
|
---|
665 | <para>Used internally by Glibc as a gross hack to get broken programs
|
---|
666 | (e.g., some Motif applications) running. See comments in
|
---|
667 | <filename>glibc-&glibc-version;/locale/broken_cur_max.c</filename>
|
---|
668 | for more information</para>
|
---|
669 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libBrokenLocale">
|
---|
670 | <primary sortas="c-libBrokenLocale">libBrokenLocale</primary>
|
---|
671 | </indexterm>
|
---|
672 | </listitem>
|
---|
673 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
674 |
|
---|
675 | <varlistentry id="libSegFault">
|
---|
676 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libSegFault</filename></term>
|
---|
677 | <listitem>
|
---|
678 | <para>The segmentation fault signal handler, used by
|
---|
679 | <command>catchsegv</command></para>
|
---|
680 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libSegFault">
|
---|
681 | <primary sortas="c-libSegFault">libSegFault</primary>
|
---|
682 | </indexterm>
|
---|
683 | </listitem>
|
---|
684 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
685 |
|
---|
686 | <varlistentry id="libanl">
|
---|
687 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libanl</filename></term>
|
---|
688 | <listitem>
|
---|
689 | <para>An asynchronous name lookup library</para>
|
---|
690 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libanl">
|
---|
691 | <primary sortas="c-libanl">libanl</primary>
|
---|
692 | </indexterm>
|
---|
693 | </listitem>
|
---|
694 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
695 |
|
---|
696 | <varlistentry id="libbsd-compat">
|
---|
697 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libbsd-compat</filename></term>
|
---|
698 | <listitem>
|
---|
699 | <para>Provides the portability needed in order to run certain
|
---|
700 | Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) programs under Linux</para>
|
---|
701 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libbsd-compat">
|
---|
702 | <primary sortas="c-libbsd-compat">libbsd-compat</primary>
|
---|
703 | </indexterm>
|
---|
704 | </listitem>
|
---|
705 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
706 |
|
---|
707 | <varlistentry id="libc">
|
---|
708 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libc</filename></term>
|
---|
709 | <listitem>
|
---|
710 | <para>The main C library</para>
|
---|
711 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libc">
|
---|
712 | <primary sortas="c-libc">libc</primary>
|
---|
713 | </indexterm>
|
---|
714 | </listitem>
|
---|
715 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
716 |
|
---|
717 | <varlistentry id="libcidn">
|
---|
718 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcidn</filename></term>
|
---|
719 | <listitem>
|
---|
720 | <para>Used internally by Glibc for handling internationalized domain
|
---|
721 | names in the <function>getaddrinfo()</function> function</para>
|
---|
722 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
---|
723 | <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
---|
724 | </indexterm>
|
---|
725 | </listitem>
|
---|
726 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
727 |
|
---|
728 | <varlistentry id="libcrypt">
|
---|
729 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcrypt</filename></term>
|
---|
730 | <listitem>
|
---|
731 | <para>The cryptography library</para>
|
---|
732 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libcrypt">
|
---|
733 | <primary sortas="c-libcrypt">libcrypt</primary>
|
---|
734 | </indexterm>
|
---|
735 | </listitem>
|
---|
736 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
737 |
|
---|
738 | <varlistentry id="libdl">
|
---|
739 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libdl</filename></term>
|
---|
740 | <listitem>
|
---|
741 | <para>The dynamic linking interface library</para>
|
---|
742 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libdl">
|
---|
743 | <primary sortas="c-libdl">libdl</primary>
|
---|
744 | </indexterm>
|
---|
745 | </listitem>
|
---|
746 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
747 |
|
---|
748 | <varlistentry id="libg">
|
---|
749 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libg</filename></term>
|
---|
750 | <listitem>
|
---|
751 | <para>Dummy library containing no functions. Previously was a runtime
|
---|
752 | library for <command>g++</command></para>
|
---|
753 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libg">
|
---|
754 | <primary sortas="c-libg">libg</primary>
|
---|
755 | </indexterm>
|
---|
756 | </listitem>
|
---|
757 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
758 |
|
---|
759 | <varlistentry id="libieee">
|
---|
760 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libieee</filename></term>
|
---|
761 | <listitem>
|
---|
762 | <para>Linking in this module forces error handling rules for math
|
---|
763 | functions as defined by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
|
---|
764 | Engineers (IEEE). The default is POSIX.1 error handling</para>
|
---|
765 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libieee">
|
---|
766 | <primary sortas="c-libieee">libieee</primary>
|
---|
767 | </indexterm>
|
---|
768 | </listitem>
|
---|
769 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
770 |
|
---|
771 | <varlistentry id="libm">
|
---|
772 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libm</filename></term>
|
---|
773 | <listitem>
|
---|
774 | <para>The mathematical library</para>
|
---|
775 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libm">
|
---|
776 | <primary sortas="c-libm">libm</primary>
|
---|
777 | </indexterm>
|
---|
778 | </listitem>
|
---|
779 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
780 |
|
---|
781 | <varlistentry id="libmcheck">
|
---|
782 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmcheck</filename></term>
|
---|
783 | <listitem>
|
---|
784 | <para>Turns on memory allocation checking when linked to</para>
|
---|
785 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmcheck">
|
---|
786 | <primary sortas="c-libmcheck">libmcheck</primary>
|
---|
787 | </indexterm>
|
---|
788 | </listitem>
|
---|
789 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
790 |
|
---|
791 | <varlistentry id="libmemusage">
|
---|
792 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmemusage</filename></term>
|
---|
793 | <listitem>
|
---|
794 | <para>Used by <command>memusage</command> to help collect
|
---|
795 | information about the memory usage of a program</para>
|
---|
796 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libmemusage">
|
---|
797 | <primary sortas="c-libmemusage">libmemusage</primary>
|
---|
798 | </indexterm>
|
---|
799 | </listitem>
|
---|
800 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
801 |
|
---|
802 | <varlistentry id="libnsl">
|
---|
803 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnsl</filename></term>
|
---|
804 | <listitem>
|
---|
805 | <para>The network services library</para>
|
---|
806 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnsl">
|
---|
807 | <primary sortas="c-libnsl">libnsl</primary>
|
---|
808 | </indexterm>
|
---|
809 | </listitem>
|
---|
810 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
811 |
|
---|
812 | <varlistentry id="libnss">
|
---|
813 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libnss</filename></term>
|
---|
814 | <listitem>
|
---|
815 | <para>The Name Service Switch libraries, containing functions for
|
---|
816 | resolving host names, user names, group names, aliases, services,
|
---|
817 | protocols, etc.</para>
|
---|
818 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libnss">
|
---|
819 | <primary sortas="c-libnss">libnss</primary>
|
---|
820 | </indexterm>
|
---|
821 | </listitem>
|
---|
822 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
823 |
|
---|
824 | <varlistentry id="libpcprofile">
|
---|
825 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpcprofile</filename></term>
|
---|
826 | <listitem>
|
---|
827 | <para>Contains profiling functions used to track the amount of CPU
|
---|
828 | time spent in specific source code lines</para>
|
---|
829 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpcprofile">
|
---|
830 | <primary sortas="c-libpcprofile">libpcprofile</primary>
|
---|
831 | </indexterm>
|
---|
832 | </listitem>
|
---|
833 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
834 |
|
---|
835 | <varlistentry id="libpthread">
|
---|
836 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpthread</filename></term>
|
---|
837 | <listitem>
|
---|
838 | <para>The POSIX threads library</para>
|
---|
839 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libpthread">
|
---|
840 | <primary sortas="c-libpthread">libpthread</primary>
|
---|
841 | </indexterm>
|
---|
842 | </listitem>
|
---|
843 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
844 |
|
---|
845 | <varlistentry id="libresolv">
|
---|
846 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libresolv</filename></term>
|
---|
847 | <listitem>
|
---|
848 | <para>Contains functions for creating, sending, and interpreting
|
---|
849 | packets to the Internet domain name servers</para>
|
---|
850 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libresolv">
|
---|
851 | <primary sortas="c-libresolv">libresolv</primary>
|
---|
852 | </indexterm>
|
---|
853 | </listitem>
|
---|
854 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
855 |
|
---|
856 | <varlistentry id="librpcsvc">
|
---|
857 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librpcsvc</filename></term>
|
---|
858 | <listitem>
|
---|
859 | <para>Contains functions providing miscellaneous RPC services</para>
|
---|
860 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librpcsvc">
|
---|
861 | <primary sortas="c-librpcsvc">librpcsvc</primary>
|
---|
862 | </indexterm>
|
---|
863 | </listitem>
|
---|
864 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
865 |
|
---|
866 | <varlistentry id="librt">
|
---|
867 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">librt</filename></term>
|
---|
868 | <listitem>
|
---|
869 | <para>Contains functions providing most of the interfaces specified
|
---|
870 | by the POSIX.1b Realtime Extension</para>
|
---|
871 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc librt">
|
---|
872 | <primary sortas="c-librt">librt</primary>
|
---|
873 | </indexterm>
|
---|
874 | </listitem>
|
---|
875 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
876 |
|
---|
877 | <varlistentry id="libthread_db">
|
---|
878 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libthread_db</filename></term>
|
---|
879 | <listitem>
|
---|
880 | <para>Contains functions useful for building debuggers for
|
---|
881 | multi-threaded programs</para>
|
---|
882 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libthread_db">
|
---|
883 | <primary sortas="c-libthread_db">libthread_db</primary>
|
---|
884 | </indexterm>
|
---|
885 | </listitem>
|
---|
886 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
887 |
|
---|
888 | <varlistentry id="libutil">
|
---|
889 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libutil</filename></term>
|
---|
890 | <listitem>
|
---|
891 | <para>Contains code for <quote>standard</quote> functions used in
|
---|
892 | many different Unix utilities</para>
|
---|
893 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-glibc libutil">
|
---|
894 | <primary sortas="c-libutil">libutil</primary>
|
---|
895 | </indexterm>
|
---|
896 | </listitem>
|
---|
897 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
898 |
|
---|
899 | </variablelist>
|
---|
900 |
|
---|
901 | </sect2>
|
---|
902 |
|
---|
903 | </sect1>
|
---|