[673b0d8] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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[b06ca36] | 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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[673b0d8] | 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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[ddd5542] | 7 |
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[81fd230] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
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[ddd5542] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
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| 10 |
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[e747759] | 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>sysvinit</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&sysvinit-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&sysvinit-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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[ddd5542] | 17 | <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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| 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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[e4a5635] | 34 | <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&sysvinit-ch6-du;</seg>
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[ddd5542] | 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | </sect2>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 42 | <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
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| 45 | system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
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| 46 | processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
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| 47 | not be running in the new run-level. While doing this,
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| 48 | <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
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| 49 | the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
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| 50 | signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
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| 51 | misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
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[12a2975c] | 52 | <quote>Sending processes configured via /etc/inittab the TERM signal</quote>
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[ddd5542] | 53 | instead:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 54 |
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[0445a3d] | 55 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's@Sending processes@& configured via /etc/inittab@g' \
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[2ec4b60] | 56 | src/init.c</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 57 |
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[fe6ca49] | 58 | <para>A maintained version of the <command>wall</command> program was
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[e1428f3] | 59 | installed earlier by Util-linux. Suppress the installation of Sysvinit's
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[fe6ca49] | 60 | version of this program and its man page:</para>
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[e38671e] | 61 |
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| 62 | <screen><userinput remap="make">sed -i -e 's/utmpdump wall/utmpdump/' \
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| 63 | -e 's/mountpoint.1 wall.1/mountpoint.1/' src/Makefile</userinput></screen>
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| 64 |
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[ddd5542] | 65 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 66 |
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[0445a3d] | 67 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make -C src</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 68 |
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[ddd5542] | 69 | <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
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[0be3d41] | 70 |
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[ddd5542] | 71 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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[73aedd1d] | 72 |
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[0445a3d] | 73 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make -C src install</userinput></screen>
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[73aedd1d] | 74 |
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[ddd5542] | 75 | </sect2>
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[5888299] | 76 |
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[ddd5542] | 77 | <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
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| 78 | <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
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[342b176] | 79 |
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[ddd5542] | 80 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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| 81 | <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
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| 82 | <secondary>configuring</secondary>
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| 83 | </indexterm>
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[81fd230] | 84 |
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[ddd5542] | 85 | <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
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| 86 | <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
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| 87 | </indexterm>
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[673b0d8] | 88 |
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[ddd5542] | 89 | <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
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| 90 | following:</para>
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[342b176] | 91 |
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[8ad7980] | 92 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/inittab << "EOF"
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[d72e04a] | 93 | <literal># Begin /etc/inittab
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[342b176] | 94 |
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| 95 | id:3:initdefault:
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| 96 |
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| 97 | si::sysinit:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc sysinit
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| 98 |
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| 99 | l0:0:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 0
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| 100 | l1:S1:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 1
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| 101 | l2:2:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 2
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| 102 | l3:3:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 3
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| 103 | l4:4:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 4
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| 104 | l5:5:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 5
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| 105 | l6:6:wait:/etc/rc.d/init.d/rc 6
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| 106 |
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| 107 | ca:12345:ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t1 -a -r now
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| 108 |
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| 109 | su:S016:once:/sbin/sulogin
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| 110 |
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[fa21b3d] | 111 | 1:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty1 9600
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| 112 | 2:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty2 9600
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| 113 | 3:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty3 9600
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| 114 | 4:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty4 9600
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| 115 | 5:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty5 9600
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| 116 | 6:2345:respawn:/sbin/agetty tty6 9600
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[342b176] | 117 |
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[d72e04a] | 118 | # End /etc/inittab</literal>
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[8ad7980] | 119 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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[673b0d8] | 120 |
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[ddd5542] | 121 | </sect2>
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| 122 |
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| 123 | <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
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| 124 | <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
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| 125 |
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| 126 | <segmentedlist>
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| 127 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <seglistitem>
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[b188c43] | 130 | <seg>bootlogd, fstab-decode, halt, init, killall5, last,
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| 131 | lastb (link to last), mesg, mountpoint, pidof (link to killall5),
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| 132 | poweroff (link to halt),
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[8bc46a5] | 133 | reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin,
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[fd4ae4e] | 134 | telinit (link to init), and utmpdump</seg>
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[ddd5542] | 135 | </seglistitem>
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| 136 | </segmentedlist>
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| 137 |
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| 138 | <variablelist>
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| 139 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 140 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 141 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 142 |
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[8bc46a5] | 143 | <varlistentry id="bootlogd">
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| 144 | <term><command>bootlogd</command></term>
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| 145 | <listitem>
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| 146 | <para>Logs boot messages to a log file</para>
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| 147 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit bootlogd">
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| 148 | <primary sortas="b-bootlogd">bootlogd</primary>
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| 149 | </indexterm>
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| 150 | </listitem>
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| 151 | </varlistentry>
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| 152 |
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[b188c43] | 153 | <varlistentry id="fstab-decode">
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| 154 | <term><command>fstab-decode</command></term>
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| 155 | <listitem>
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| 156 | <para>Run a command with fstab-encoded arguments</para>
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| 157 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit fstab-decode">
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| 158 | <primary sortas="b-fstab-decode">fstab-decode</primary>
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| 159 | </indexterm>
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| 160 | </listitem>
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| 161 | </varlistentry>
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| 162 |
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[ddd5542] | 163 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 164 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 165 | <listitem>
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| 166 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 167 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 168 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 169 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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| 170 | brought down</para>
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| 171 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
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| 172 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 173 | </indexterm>
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| 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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| 176 |
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| 177 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 178 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 179 | <listitem>
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| 180 | <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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| 181 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
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| 182 | proceses it is instructed to</para>
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| 183 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
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| 184 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 185 | </indexterm>
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| 186 | </listitem>
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| 187 | </varlistentry>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <varlistentry id="killall5">
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| 190 | <term><command>killall5</command></term>
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| 191 | <listitem>
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| 192 | <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
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| 193 | session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
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| 194 | it</para>
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| 195 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
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| 196 | <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
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| 197 | </indexterm>
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| 198 | </listitem>
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| 199 | </varlistentry>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <varlistentry id="last">
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| 202 | <term><command>last</command></term>
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| 203 | <listitem>
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| 204 | <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
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| 205 | through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
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| 206 | system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
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| 207 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
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| 208 | <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
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| 209 | </indexterm>
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| 210 | </listitem>
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| 211 | </varlistentry>
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <varlistentry id="lastb">
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| 214 | <term><command>lastb</command></term>
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| 215 | <listitem>
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| 216 | <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
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| 217 | <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
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| 218 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
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| 219 | <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
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| 220 | </indexterm>
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| 221 | </listitem>
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| 222 | </varlistentry>
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| 223 |
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| 224 | <varlistentry id="mesg">
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| 225 | <term><command>mesg</command></term>
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| 226 | <listitem>
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| 227 | <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
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| 228 | user's terminal</para>
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| 229 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
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| 230 | <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
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| 231 | </indexterm>
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| 232 | </listitem>
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| 233 | </varlistentry>
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
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| 236 | <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
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| 237 | <listitem>
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| 238 | <para>Checks if the directory is a mountpoint</para>
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| 239 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint">
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| 240 | <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
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| 241 | </indexterm>
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| 242 | </listitem>
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| 243 | </varlistentry>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <varlistentry id="pidof">
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| 246 | <term><command>pidof</command></term>
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| 247 | <listitem>
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| 248 | <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
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| 249 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
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| 250 | <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
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| 251 | </indexterm>
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| 252 | </listitem>
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| 253 | </varlistentry>
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| 254 |
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| 255 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
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| 256 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
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| 257 | <listitem>
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| 258 | <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
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| 259 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 260 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
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| 261 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
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| 262 | </indexterm>
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| 263 | </listitem>
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| 264 | </varlistentry>
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| 265 |
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| 266 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
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| 267 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
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| 268 | <listitem>
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| 269 | <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
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| 270 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
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| 271 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
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| 272 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
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| 273 | </indexterm>
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| 274 | </listitem>
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| 275 | </varlistentry>
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| 276 |
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| 277 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
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| 278 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
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| 279 | <listitem>
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| 280 | <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
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| 281 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
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| 282 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
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| 283 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
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| 284 | </indexterm>
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| 285 | </listitem>
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| 286 | </varlistentry>
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| 287 |
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| 288 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
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| 289 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
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| 290 | <listitem>
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| 291 | <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
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| 292 | and notifying all logged-in users</para>
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| 293 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
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| 294 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
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| 295 | </indexterm>
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| 296 | </listitem>
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| 297 | </varlistentry>
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| 298 |
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| 299 | <varlistentry id="sulogin">
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| 300 | <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
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| 301 | <listitem>
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| 302 | <para>Allows <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to log in;
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| 303 | it is normally invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes
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| 304 | into single user mode</para>
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| 305 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
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| 306 | <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
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| 307 | </indexterm>
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| 308 | </listitem>
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| 309 | </varlistentry>
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| 310 |
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| 311 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
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| 312 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
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| 313 | <listitem>
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| 314 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
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| 315 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
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| 316 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
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| 317 | </indexterm>
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| 318 | </listitem>
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| 319 | </varlistentry>
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| 320 |
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| 321 | <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
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| 322 | <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
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| 323 | <listitem>
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| 324 | <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
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| 325 | user-friendly format</para>
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| 326 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
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| 327 | <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
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| 328 | </indexterm>
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| 329 | </listitem>
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| 330 | </varlistentry>
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| 331 |
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| 332 | </variablelist>
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| 333 |
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| 334 | </sect2>
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[81fd230] | 335 |
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[ddd5542] | 336 | </sect1>
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