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Timestamp:
02/10/2006 07:05:30 PM (18 years ago)
Author:
Manuel Canales Esparcia <manuel@…>
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3f3931b0
Message:

Finished the XML indentation plus few tags changes.

git-svn-id: ​http://svn.linuxfromscratch.org/LFS/trunk/BOOK@7369 4aa44e1e-78dd-0310-a6d2-fbcd4c07a689

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  • chapter06/sysvinit.xml

    r3f3931b0 rddd5542  
    11<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
    2 <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
     2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.4//EN"
     3  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.4/docbookx.dtd" [
    34  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
    45  %general-entities;
    56]>
     7
    68<sect1 id="ch-system-sysvinit" role="wrap">
    7 <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
    8 <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
    9 
    10 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit"><primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary></indexterm>
    11 
    12 <sect2 role="package"><title/>
    13 <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
    14 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
    15 
    16 <segmentedlist>
    17 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
    18 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
    19 <seglistitem><seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1012 KB</seg></seglistitem>
    20 </segmentedlist>
    21 
    22 <segmentedlist>
    23 <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
    24 <seglistitem><seg>Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, and Make</seg></seglistitem>
    25 </segmentedlist>
    26 </sect2>
    27 
    28 <sect2 role="installation">
    29 <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
    30 
    31 <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
    32 system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
    33 processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
    34 not be running in the new run-level.  While doing this,
    35 <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
    36 the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
    37 signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
    38 misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
    39 <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
    40 instead:</para>
     9  <?dbhtml filename="sysvinit.html"?>
     10
     11  <title>Sysvinit-&sysvinit-version;</title>
     12
     13  <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit">
     14    <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
     15  </indexterm>
     16
     17  <sect2 role="package">
     18    <title/>
     19
     20    <para>The Sysvinit package contains programs for controlling the startup,
     21    running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
     22
     23    <segmentedlist>
     24      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
     25      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
     26
     27      <seglistitem>
     28        <seg>0.1 SBU</seg><seg>1012 KB</seg>
     29      </seglistitem>
     30    </segmentedlist>
     31
     32    <segmentedlist>
     33      <segtitle>&dependencies;</segtitle>
     34
     35      <seglistitem>
     36        <seg>Binutils, Coreutils, GCC, Glibc, and Make</seg>
     37      </seglistitem>
     38    </segmentedlist>
     39
     40  </sect2>
     41
     42  <sect2 role="installation">
     43    <title>Installation of Sysvinit</title>
     44
     45    <para>When run-levels are changed (for example, when halting the
     46    system), <command>init</command> sends termination signals to those
     47    processes that <command>init</command> itself started and that should
     48    not be running in the new run-level.  While doing this,
     49    <command>init</command> outputs messages like <quote>Sending processes
     50    the TERM signal</quote> which seem to imply that it is sending these
     51    signals to all currently running processes. To avoid this
     52    misinterpretation, modify the source so that these messages read like
     53    <quote>Sending processes started by init the TERM signal</quote>
     54    instead:</para>
    4155
    4256<screen><userinput>sed -i 's@Sending processes@&amp; started by init@g' \
    4357    src/init.c</userinput></screen>
    4458
    45 <para>Compile the package:</para>
     59    <para>Compile the package:</para>
    4660
    4761<screen><userinput>make -C src</userinput></screen>
    4862
    49 <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
    50 
    51 <para>Install the package:</para>
     63    <para>This package does not come with a test suite.</para>
     64
     65    <para>Install the package:</para>
    5266
    5367<screen><userinput>make -C src install</userinput></screen>
    5468
    55 </sect2>
    56 
    57 
    58 <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
    59 <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
    60 <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
    61 <secondary>configuring</secondary></indexterm>
    62 
    63 <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit"><primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary></indexterm>
    64 
    65 <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
    66 following:</para>
     69  </sect2>
     70
     71  <sect2 id="conf-sysvinit" role="configuration">
     72    <title>Configuring Sysvinit</title>
     73
     74    <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
     75      <primary sortas="a-Sysvinit">Sysvinit</primary>
     76      <secondary>configuring</secondary>
     77    </indexterm>
     78
     79    <indexterm zone="conf-sysvinit">
     80      <primary sortas="e-/etc/inittab">/etc/inittab</primary>
     81    </indexterm>
     82
     83    <para>Create a new file <filename>/etc/inittab</filename> by running the
     84    following:</para>
    6785
    6886<screen><userinput>cat &gt; /etc/inittab &lt;&lt; "EOF"
    … …  
    94112# End /etc/inittab</literal>
    95113EOF</userinput></screen>
    96 </sect2>
    97 
    98 
    99 <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content"><title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
    100 
    101 <segmentedlist>
    102 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
    103 <seglistitem><seg>halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, pidof (link to
    104 killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt), runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit
    105 (link to init), utmpdump, and wall</seg></seglistitem>
    106 </segmentedlist>
    107 
    108 <variablelist><bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
    109 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
    110 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
    111 
    112 <varlistentry id="halt">
    113 <term><command>halt</command></term>
    114 <listitem>
    115 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
    116 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
    117 then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
    118 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
    119 brought down</para>
    120 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt"><primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary></indexterm>
    121 </listitem>
    122 </varlistentry>
    123 
    124 <varlistentry id="init">
    125 <term><command>init</command></term>
    126 <listitem>
    127 <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
    128 the hardware which takes over the boot process and
    129 starts all the proceses it is instructed to</para>
    130 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init"><primary sortas="b-init">init</primary></indexterm>
    131 </listitem>
    132 </varlistentry>
    133 
    134 <varlistentry id="killall5">
    135 <term><command>killall5</command></term>
    136 <listitem>
    137 <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
    138 session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
    139 it</para>
    140 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5"><primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary></indexterm>
    141 </listitem>
    142 </varlistentry>
    143 
    144 <varlistentry id="last">
    145 <term><command>last</command></term>
    146 <listitem>
    147 <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out),
    148 searching back through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it
    149 also shows system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
    150 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last"><primary sortas="b-last">last</primary></indexterm>
    151 </listitem>
    152 </varlistentry>
    153 
    154 <varlistentry id="lastb">
    155 <term><command>lastb</command></term>
    156 <listitem>
    157 <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
    158 <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
    159 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb"><primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary></indexterm>
    160 </listitem>
    161 </varlistentry>
    162 
    163 <varlistentry id="mesg">
    164 <term><command>mesg</command></term>
    165 <listitem>
    166 <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
    167 user's terminal</para>
    168 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg"><primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary></indexterm>
    169 </listitem>
    170 </varlistentry>
    171 
    172 <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
    173 <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
    174 <listitem>
    175 <para>Checks if the directory is a mountpoint</para>
    176 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint"><primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary></indexterm>
    177 </listitem>
    178 </varlistentry>
    179 
    180 <varlistentry id="pidof">
    181 <term><command>pidof</command></term>
    182 <listitem>
    183 <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
    184 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof"><primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary></indexterm>
    185 </listitem>
    186 </varlistentry>
    187 
    188 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
    189 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
    190 <listitem>
    191 <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
    192 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
    193 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff"><primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary></indexterm>
    194 </listitem>
    195 </varlistentry>
    196 
    197 <varlistentry id="reboot">
    198 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
    199 <listitem>
    200 <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
    201 <command>halt</command>)</para>
    202 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot"><primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary></indexterm>
    203 </listitem>
    204 </varlistentry>
    205 
    206 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
    207 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
    208 <listitem>
    209 <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the last run-level
    210 record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
    211 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel"><primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary></indexterm>
    212 </listitem>
    213 </varlistentry>
    214 
    215 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
    216 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
    217 <listitem>
    218 <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
    219 and notifying all logged-in users</para>
    220 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown"><primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary></indexterm>
    221 </listitem>
    222 </varlistentry>
    223 
    224 <varlistentry id="sulogin">
    225 <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
    226 <listitem>
    227 <para>Allows <emphasis>root</emphasis> to log in; it is
    228 normally invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes into single user mode</para>
    229 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin"><primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary></indexterm>
    230 </listitem>
    231 </varlistentry>
    232 
    233 <varlistentry id="telinit">
    234 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
    235 <listitem>
    236 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
    237 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit"><primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary></indexterm>
    238 </listitem>
    239 </varlistentry>
    240 
    241 <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
    242 <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
    243 <listitem>
    244 <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
    245 user-friendly format</para>
    246 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump"><primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary></indexterm>
    247 </listitem>
    248 </varlistentry>
    249 
    250 <varlistentry id="wall">
    251 <term><command>wall</command></term>
    252 <listitem>
    253 <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
    254 <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall"><primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary></indexterm>
    255 </listitem>
    256 </varlistentry>
    257 </variablelist>
    258 
    259 </sect2>
     114
     115  </sect2>
     116
     117  <sect2 id="contents-sysvinit" role="content">
     118    <title>Contents of Sysvinit</title>
     119
     120    <segmentedlist>
     121      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
     122
     123      <seglistitem>
     124        <seg>halt, init, killall5, last, lastb (link to last), mesg, mountpoint,
     125        pidof (link to killall5), poweroff (link to halt), reboot (link to halt),
     126        runlevel, shutdown, sulogin, telinit (link to init), utmpdump, and
     127        wall</seg>
     128      </seglistitem>
     129    </segmentedlist>
     130
     131    <variablelist>
     132      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
     133      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
     134      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
     135
     136      <varlistentry id="halt">
     137        <term><command>halt</command></term>
     138        <listitem>
     139          <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
     140          <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
     141          then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
     142          file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
     143          brought down</para>
     144          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit halt">
     145            <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
     146          </indexterm>
     147        </listitem>
     148      </varlistentry>
     149
     150      <varlistentry id="init">
     151        <term><command>init</command></term>
     152        <listitem>
     153          <para>The first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
     154          the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all the
     155          proceses it is instructed to</para>
     156          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit init">
     157            <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
     158          </indexterm>
     159        </listitem>
     160      </varlistentry>
     161
     162      <varlistentry id="killall5">
     163        <term><command>killall5</command></term>
     164        <listitem>
     165          <para>Sends a signal to all processes, except the processes in its own
     166          session so it will not kill the shell running the script that called
     167          it</para>
     168          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit killall5">
     169            <primary sortas="b-killall5">killall5</primary>
     170          </indexterm>
     171        </listitem>
     172      </varlistentry>
     173
     174      <varlistentry id="last">
     175        <term><command>last</command></term>
     176        <listitem>
     177          <para>Shows which users last logged in (and out), searching back
     178          through the <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> file; it also shows
     179          system boots, shutdowns, and run-level changes</para>
     180          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit last">
     181            <primary sortas="b-last">last</primary>
     182          </indexterm>
     183        </listitem>
     184      </varlistentry>
     185
     186      <varlistentry id="lastb">
     187        <term><command>lastb</command></term>
     188        <listitem>
     189          <para>Shows the failed login attempts, as logged in
     190          <filename>/var/log/btmp</filename></para>
     191          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit lastb">
     192            <primary sortas="b-lastb">lastb</primary>
     193          </indexterm>
     194        </listitem>
     195      </varlistentry>
     196
     197      <varlistentry id="mesg">
     198        <term><command>mesg</command></term>
     199        <listitem>
     200          <para>Controls whether other users can send messages to the current
     201          user's terminal</para>
     202          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mesg">
     203            <primary sortas="b-mesg">mesg</primary>
     204          </indexterm>
     205        </listitem>
     206      </varlistentry>
     207
     208      <varlistentry id="mountpoint">
     209        <term><command>mountpoint</command></term>
     210        <listitem>
     211          <para>Checks if the directory is a mountpoint</para>
     212          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit mountpoint">
     213            <primary sortas="b-mountpoint">mountpoint</primary>
     214          </indexterm>
     215        </listitem>
     216      </varlistentry>
     217
     218      <varlistentry id="pidof">
     219        <term><command>pidof</command></term>
     220        <listitem>
     221          <para>Reports the PIDs of the given programs</para>
     222          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit pidof">
     223            <primary sortas="b-pidof">pidof</primary>
     224          </indexterm>
     225        </listitem>
     226      </varlistentry>
     227
     228      <varlistentry id="poweroff">
     229        <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
     230        <listitem>
     231          <para>Tells the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
     232          (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
     233          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit poweroff">
     234            <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
     235          </indexterm>
     236        </listitem>
     237      </varlistentry>
     238
     239      <varlistentry id="reboot">
     240        <term><command>reboot</command></term>
     241        <listitem>
     242          <para>Tells the kernel to reboot the system (see
     243          <command>halt</command>)</para>
     244          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit reboot">
     245            <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
     246          </indexterm>
     247        </listitem>
     248      </varlistentry>
     249
     250      <varlistentry id="runlevel">
     251        <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
     252        <listitem>
     253          <para>Reports the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
     254          last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
     255          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit runlevel">
     256            <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
     257          </indexterm>
     258        </listitem>
     259      </varlistentry>
     260
     261      <varlistentry id="shutdown">
     262        <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
     263        <listitem>
     264          <para>Brings the system down in a secure way, signaling all processes
     265          and notifying all logged-in users</para>
     266          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit shutdown">
     267            <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
     268          </indexterm>
     269        </listitem>
     270      </varlistentry>
     271
     272      <varlistentry id="sulogin">
     273        <term><command>sulogin</command></term>
     274        <listitem>
     275          <para>Allows <systemitem class="username">root</systemitem> to log in;
     276          it is normally invoked by <command>init</command> when the system goes
     277          into single user mode</para>
     278          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit sulogin">
     279            <primary sortas="b-sulogin">sulogin</primary>
     280          </indexterm>
     281        </listitem>
     282      </varlistentry>
     283
     284      <varlistentry id="telinit">
     285        <term><command>telinit</command></term>
     286        <listitem>
     287          <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change to</para>
     288          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit telinit">
     289            <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
     290          </indexterm>
     291        </listitem>
     292      </varlistentry>
     293
     294      <varlistentry id="utmpdump">
     295        <term><command>utmpdump</command></term>
     296        <listitem>
     297          <para>Displays the content of the given login file in a more
     298          user-friendly format</para>
     299          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit utmpdump">
     300            <primary sortas="b-utmpdump">utmpdump</primary>
     301          </indexterm>
     302        </listitem>
     303      </varlistentry>
     304
     305      <varlistentry id="wall">
     306        <term><command>wall</command></term>
     307        <listitem>
     308          <para>Writes a message to all logged-in users</para>
     309          <indexterm zone="ch-system-sysvinit wall">
     310            <primary sortas="b-wall">wall</primary>
     311          </indexterm>
     312        </listitem>
     313      </varlistentry>
     314
     315    </variablelist>
     316
     317  </sect2>
    260318
    261319</sect1>
    262 
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