1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.3//EN" "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.3/docbookx.dtd" [
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3 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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4 | %general-entities;
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5 | ]>
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6 | <sect1 id="ch-system-vim" xreflabel="Vim" role="wrap">
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7 | <title>Vim-&vim-version;</title>
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8 | <?dbhtml filename="vim.html"?>
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9 |
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10 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim"><primary sortas="a-Vim">Vim</primary></indexterm>
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11 |
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12 | <sect2 role="package"><title/>
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13 | <para>The Vim package contains a powerful text editor.</para>
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14 |
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15 | <segmentedlist>
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16 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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17 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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18 | <seglistitem><seg>0.4 SBU</seg><seg>34 MB</seg></seglistitem>
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19 | </segmentedlist>
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20 |
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21 | <segmentedlist>
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22 | <segtitle>Vim installation depends on</segtitle>
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23 | <seglistitem><seg>Bash, Binutils, Coreutils, Diffutils,
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24 | GCC, Glibc, Grep, Make, Ncurses, Sed</seg></seglistitem>
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25 | </segmentedlist>
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26 |
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27 | <tip>
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28 | <title>Alternatives to Vim</title>
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29 | <para>If you prefer another editor -- like Emacs, Joe, or Nano -- to Vim,
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30 | have a look at <ulink url="&blfs-root;view/stable/postlfs/editors.html"/> for
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31 | suggested installation instructions.</para>
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32 | </tip>
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33 | </sect2>
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34 |
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35 | <sect2 role="installation">
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36 | <title>Installation of Vim</title>
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37 |
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38 | <para>First, unpack both
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39 | <filename>vim-&vim-version;.tar.bz2</filename> and (optionally)
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40 | <filename>vim-&vim-version;-lang.tar.gz</filename> archives into the same
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41 | directory. Then change the default locations of the <filename>vimrc</filename> and
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42 | <filename>gvimrc</filename> configuration files to <filename class="directory">/etc</filename>.</para>
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43 |
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44 | <screen><userinput>echo '#define SYS_VIMRC_FILE "/etc/vimrc"' >> src/feature.h
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45 | echo '#define SYS_GVIMRC_FILE "/etc/gvimrc"' >> src/feature.h</userinput></screen>
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46 |
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47 | <para>Now prepare Vim for compilation:</para>
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48 |
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49 | <screen><userinput>./configure --prefix=/usr --enable-multibyte</userinput></screen>
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50 |
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51 | <para>The optional but highly recommended
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52 | <parameter>--enable-multibyte</parameter> switch
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53 | includes support for editing files in multibyte character encodings into
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54 | <command>vim</command>.
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55 | It is needed for those people who ignore our recommendation not to
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56 | use LFS in locales with multibyte character sets. It is also needed for
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57 | people who want to be able to edit text files initially created
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58 | in Linux distributions like Fedora Core
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59 | that use UTF-8 as a default character set.</para>
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60 |
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61 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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62 |
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63 | <screen><userinput>make</userinput></screen>
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64 |
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65 | <para>To test the results, you can issue:
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66 | <userinput>make test</userinput>. However, this test suite outputs a lot of
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67 | seemingly garbage characters to the screen, and this can wreak havoc with the
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68 | settings of the current terminal. Therefore the running of the test suite here
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69 | is strictly optional.</para>
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70 |
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71 | <para>Now install the package:</para>
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72 |
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73 | <screen><userinput>make install</userinput></screen>
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74 |
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75 | <para>Many users are used to using <command>vi</command>, instead of
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76 | <command>vim</command>. To let them execute <command>vim</command> when
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77 | they habitually enter <command>vi</command>, create a symlink:</para>
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78 |
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79 | <screen><userinput>ln -s vim /usr/bin/vi</userinput></screen>
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80 |
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81 | <para>If you are going to install the X Window System on your LFS system, you
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82 | may want to re-compile Vim after having installed X. Vim comes with a nice GUI
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83 | version of the editor that requires X and a few other libraries to be
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84 | installed. For more information read the Vim documentation.</para>
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85 |
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86 | </sect2>
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87 |
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88 |
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89 | <sect2 id="conf-vim" role="configuration"><title>Configuring Vim</title>
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90 | <indexterm zone="conf-vim"><primary sortas="e-/etc/vim">/etc/vim</primary></indexterm>
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91 |
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92 | <para>By default, <command>vim</command> runs in vi-incompatible mode. Some
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93 | people might not like this, but we prefer to run <command>vim</command> in its
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94 | own mode (else we wouldn't have included it in this book, but the original
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95 | <command>vi</command>). We've included the setting of <quote>nocompatible</quote>
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96 | below to high-light the fact that the new behavior is being used. It
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97 | also reminds those who would change to <quote>compatible</quote> mode that it should
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98 | appear first because it changes other settings and overrides must come
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99 | after this setting. Create a default vim configuration file by running
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100 | the following:</para>
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101 |
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102 | <screen><userinput>cat > /etc/vimrc << "EOF"
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103 | " Begin /etc/vimrc
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104 |
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105 | set nocompatible
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106 | set backspace=2
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107 | syntax on
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108 | <!-- set fileencodings=ucs-bom,utf-8,<replaceable>[your-8-bit-charset]</replaceable> -->
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109 | if (&term == "iterm") || (&term == "putty")
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110 | set background=dark
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111 | endif
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112 |
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113 | " End /etc/vimrc
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114 | EOF</userinput></screen>
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115 |
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116 | <para>The <parameter>set nocompatible</parameter> makes
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117 | <command>vim</command> behave in a more useful way (the default) than the
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118 | vi-compatible manner. Remove the <quote>no</quote> if you want the old <command>vi</command>
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119 | behavior. The <parameter>set backspace=2</parameter> allows
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120 | backspacing over line breaks, autoindents and the start of insert. The
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121 | <parameter>syntax on</parameter> enables <command>vim</command>'s
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122 | syntax highliting.
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123 | <!-- XXX: the ascii-only files are considered to be in utf-8 - that's not what
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124 | one expects . That's why fileencodings stuff is commented out for now
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125 |
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126 | The <parameter>set fileencodings=...</parameter> makes
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127 | <command>vim</command> capable of automatically detecting the character
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128 | set of the file being edited (replace
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129 | "<replaceable>[your-8-bit-charset]</replaceable>"
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130 | with the value appropriate for your country, e.g. iso-8859-15 in Italy).
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131 | This line is useful because bleeding-edge distributions
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132 | like Fedora Core use UTF-8, and conservative ones like Debian
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133 | use traditional 8-bit encodings for text files. If you have not
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134 | passed the <parameter>- -enable-multibyte</parameter> switch to the
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135 | <command>./configure</command> command above, this line will not work. -->
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136 | Finally, the <emphasis>if</emphasis> statement with the
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137 | <parameter>set background=dark</parameter> corrects <command>vim</command>'s
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138 | guess about the background color of some terminal emulators. This gives the
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139 | highliting a better color scheme for use on the black background of
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140 | these programs.
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141 | </para>
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142 |
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143 | <para>Documentation for other available options can be obtained by running
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144 | the following command:</para>
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145 |
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146 | <screen><userinput>vim -c ':options'</userinput></screen>
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147 |
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148 | </sect2>
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149 |
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150 |
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151 | <sect2 id="contents-vim" role="content"><title>Contents of Vim</title>
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152 |
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153 | <segmentedlist>
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154 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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155 | <seglistitem><seg>efm_filter.pl, efm_perl.pl, ex (link to vim), less.sh, mve.awk,
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156 | pltags.pl, ref, rview (link to vim), rvim (link to vim), shtags.pl, tcltags, vi (link to vim),
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157 | view (link to vim), vim, vim132, vim2html.pl, vimdiff (link to vim), vimm, vimspell.sh,
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158 | vimtutor and xxd</seg></seglistitem>
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159 | </segmentedlist>
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160 |
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161 | <variablelist><title>Short descriptions</title>
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162 |
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163 | <varlistentry id="efm_filter.pl">
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164 | <term><command>efm_filter.pl</command></term>
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165 | <listitem>
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166 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim efm_filter.pl"><primary sortas="b-efm_filter.pl">efm_filter.pl</primary></indexterm>
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167 | <para>is a filter for creating an error file that can be read by <command>vim</command>.</para>
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168 | </listitem>
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169 | </varlistentry>
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170 |
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171 | <varlistentry id="efm_perl.pl">
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172 | <term><command>efm_perl.pl</command></term>
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173 | <listitem>
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174 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim efm_perl.pl"><primary sortas="b-efm_perl.pl">efm_perl.pl</primary></indexterm>
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175 | <para>reformats the error messages of the
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176 | Perl interpreter for use with the <quote>quickfix</quote> mode of <command>vim</command>.</para>
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177 | </listitem>
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178 | </varlistentry>
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179 |
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180 | <varlistentry id="ex">
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181 | <term><command>ex</command></term>
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182 | <listitem>
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183 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim ex"><primary sortas="b-ex">ex</primary></indexterm>
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184 | <para>starts <command>vim</command> in ex mode.</para>
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185 | </listitem>
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186 | </varlistentry>
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187 |
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188 | <varlistentry id="less.sh">
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189 | <term><command>less.sh</command></term>
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190 | <listitem>
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191 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim less.sh"><primary sortas="b-less.sh">less.sh</primary></indexterm>
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192 | <para>is a script that starts <command>vim</command> with less.vim.</para>
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193 | </listitem>
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194 | </varlistentry>
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195 |
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196 | <varlistentry id="mve.awk">
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197 | <term><command>mve.awk</command></term>
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198 | <listitem>
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199 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim mve.awk"><primary sortas="b-mve.awk">mve.awk</primary></indexterm>
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200 | <para>processes <command>vim</command> errors.</para>
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201 | </listitem>
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202 | </varlistentry>
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203 |
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204 | <varlistentry id="pltags.pl">
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205 | <term><command>pltags.pl</command></term>
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206 | <listitem>
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207 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim pltags.pl"><primary sortas="b-pltags.pl">pltags.pl</primary></indexterm>
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208 | <para>creates a tags file for Perl code, for use by <command>vim</command>.</para>
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209 | </listitem>
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210 | </varlistentry>
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211 |
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212 | <varlistentry id="ref">
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213 | <term><command>ref</command></term>
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214 | <listitem>
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215 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim ref"><primary sortas="b-ref">ref</primary></indexterm>
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216 | <para>checks the spelling of arguments.</para>
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217 | </listitem>
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218 | </varlistentry>
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219 |
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220 | <varlistentry id="rview">
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221 | <term><command>rview</command></term>
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222 | <listitem>
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223 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rview"><primary sortas="b-rview">rview</primary></indexterm>
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224 | <para>is a restricted version of <command>view</command>: no shell
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225 | commands can be started and <command>view</command> can't be suspended.</para>
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226 | </listitem>
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227 | </varlistentry>
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228 |
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229 | <varlistentry id="rvim">
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230 | <term><command>rvim</command></term>
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231 | <listitem>
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232 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim rvim"><primary sortas="b-rvim">rvim</primary></indexterm>
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233 | <para>is a restricted version of <command>vim</command>: no shell
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234 | commands can be started and <command>vim</command> can't be suspended.</para>
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235 | </listitem>
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236 | </varlistentry>
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237 |
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238 | <varlistentry id="shtags.pl">
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239 | <term><command>shtags.pl</command></term>
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240 | <listitem>
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241 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim shtags.pl"><primary sortas="b-shtags.pl">shtags.pl</primary></indexterm>
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242 | <para>generates a tag file for Perl scripts.</para>
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243 | </listitem>
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244 | </varlistentry>
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245 |
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246 | <varlistentry id="tcltags">
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247 | <term><command>tcltags</command></term>
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248 | <listitem>
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249 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim tcltags"><primary sortas="b-tcltags">tcltags</primary></indexterm>
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250 | <para>generates a tag file for TCL code.</para>
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251 | </listitem>
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252 | </varlistentry>
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253 |
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254 | <varlistentry id="view">
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255 | <term><command>view</command></term>
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256 | <listitem>
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257 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim view"><primary sortas="b-view">view</primary></indexterm>
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258 | <para>starts <command>vim</command> in read-only mode.</para>
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259 | </listitem>
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260 | </varlistentry>
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261 |
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262 | <varlistentry id="vim">
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263 | <term><command>vim</command></term>
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264 | <listitem>
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265 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim"><primary sortas="b-vim">vim</primary></indexterm>
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266 | <para>is the editor.</para>
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267 | </listitem>
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268 | </varlistentry>
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269 |
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270 | <varlistentry id="vim132">
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271 | <term><command>vim132</command></term>
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272 | <listitem>
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273 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim132"><primary sortas="b-vim132">vim132</primary></indexterm>
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274 | <para>starts <command>vim</command> with the terminal in 132-column mode.</para>
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275 | </listitem>
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276 | </varlistentry>
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277 |
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278 | <varlistentry id="vim2html.pl">
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279 | <term><command>vim2html.pl</command></term>
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280 | <listitem>
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281 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vim2html.pl"><primary sortas="b-vim2html.pl">vim2html.pl</primary></indexterm>
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282 | <para>converts Vim documentation to HTML.</para>
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283 | </listitem>
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284 | </varlistentry>
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285 |
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286 | <varlistentry id="vimdiff">
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287 | <term><command>vimdiff</command></term>
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288 | <listitem>
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289 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimdiff"><primary sortas="b-vimdiff">vimdiff</primary></indexterm>
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290 | <para>edits two or three versions of a file with <command>vim</command> and show differences.</para>
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291 | </listitem>
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292 | </varlistentry>
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293 |
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294 | <varlistentry id="vimm">
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295 | <term><command>vimm</command></term>
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296 | <listitem>
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297 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimm"><primary sortas="b-vimm">vimm</primary></indexterm>
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298 | <para>enables the DEC locator input model on a remote terminal.</para>
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299 | </listitem>
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300 | </varlistentry>
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301 |
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302 | <varlistentry id="vimspell.sh">
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303 | <term><command>vimspell.sh</command></term>
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304 | <listitem>
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305 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimspell.sh"><primary sortas="b-vimspell.sh">vimspell.sh</primary></indexterm>
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306 | <para>is a script which spells a file and generates the syntax statements necessary
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307 | to highlight in <command>vim</command>. This script requires the old Unix <command>spell</command>
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308 | command, which is provided neither in LFS nor in BLFS.</para>
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309 | </listitem>
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310 | </varlistentry>
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311 |
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312 | <varlistentry id="vimtutor">
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313 | <term><command>vimtutor</command></term>
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314 | <listitem>
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315 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim vimtutor"><primary sortas="b-vimtutor">vimtutor</primary></indexterm>
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316 | <para>teaches you the basic keys and commands of <command>vim</command>.</para>
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317 | </listitem>
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318 | </varlistentry>
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319 |
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320 | <varlistentry id="xxd">
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321 | <term><command>xxd</command></term>
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322 | <listitem>
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323 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-vim xxd"><primary sortas="b-xxd">xxd</primary></indexterm>
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324 | <para>makes a hex dump of the given file. It can
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325 | also do the reverse, so it can be used for binary patching.</para>
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326 | </listitem>
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327 | </varlistentry>
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328 | </variablelist>
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329 |
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330 | </sect2>
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331 |
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332 | </sect1>
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