source: chapter08/e2fsprogs.xml

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  "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
  <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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<sect1 id="ch-system-e2fsprogs" role="wrap">
  <?dbhtml filename="e2fsprogs.html"?>

  <sect1info condition="script">
    <productname>e2fsprogs</productname>
    <productnumber>&e2fsprogs-version;</productnumber>
    <address>&e2fsprogs-url;</address>
  </sect1info>

  <title>E2fsprogs-&e2fsprogs-version;</title>

  <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs">
    <primary sortas="a-E2fsprogs">E2fsprogs</primary>
  </indexterm>

  <sect2 role="package">
    <title/>

    <para>The E2fsprogs package contains the utilities for handling the
    <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem> file system. It also
    supports the <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem> and
    <systemitem class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem> journaling
    file systems.</para>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
      <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>&e2fsprogs-fin-sbu;</seg>
        <seg>&e2fsprogs-fin-du;</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

  </sect2>

  <sect2 role="installation">
    <title>Installation of E2fsprogs</title>

    <para>The E2fsprogs documentation recommends that the package be built in
    a subdirectory of the source tree: </para>

<screen><userinput remap="pre">mkdir -v build
cd       build</userinput></screen>

    <para>Prepare E2fsprogs for compilation:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="configure">../configure --prefix=/usr           \
             --sysconfdir=/etc       \
             --enable-elf-shlibs     \
             --disable-libblkid      \
             --disable-libuuid       \
             --disable-uuidd         \
             --disable-fsck</userinput></screen>

    <variablelist>
      <title>The meaning of the configure options:</title>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--enable-elf-shlibs</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>This creates the shared libraries which some programs
          in this package use.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry>
        <term><parameter>--disable-*</parameter></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>These prevent building and installing the
          <systemitem class="library">libuuid</systemitem> and
          <systemitem class="library">libblkid</systemitem> libraries, the
          <systemitem class="daemon">uuidd</systemitem> daemon, and the
          <command>fsck</command> wrapper; util-linux installs more
          recent versions.</para>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

    <para>Compile the package:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>

    <para>To run the tests, issue:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="test">make check</userinput></screen>

    <!-- https://github.com/tytso/e2fsprogs/issues/134 -->
    <para>One test named <filename>m_assume_storage_prezeroed</filename>
    is known to fail.</para>

<!-- This is a ridiculous amount now! And is it still true?
     Does not appear to be true for version 1.46.3.  Time with tests
     26 seconds with tests (With lots of cores and ram and an ssd disk).

    <para>One of the e2fsprogs tests will attempt to allocate 256 MB of memory.
    If you do not have significantly more RAM than this, be sure to enable
    sufficient swap space for the test. See <xref
    linkend="ch-partitioning-creatingfilesystem"/> and <xref
    linkend="ch-partitioning-mounting"/>
    for details on creating and enabling swap space.</para>

    <para>On a spinning disk, the tests take a little more than 4 SBUs. They
    can be much shorter on an SSD (down to about 1.5 SBUs).</para>
-->
    <para>Install the package:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">make install</userinput></screen>

    <para>Remove useless static libraries:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">rm -fv /usr/lib/{libcom_err,libe2p,libext2fs,libss}.a</userinput></screen>

    <para>This package installs a gzipped
    <filename class="extension">.info</filename> file but doesn't update the
    system-wide <filename>dir</filename> file. Unzip this file and then update
    the system <filename>dir</filename> file using the following
    commands:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">gunzip -v /usr/share/info/libext2fs.info.gz
install-info --dir-file=/usr/share/info/dir /usr/share/info/libext2fs.info</userinput></screen>

    <para>If desired, create and install some additional documentation by
    issuing the following commands:</para>

<screen><userinput remap="install">makeinfo -o      doc/com_err.info ../lib/et/com_err.texinfo
install -v -m644 doc/com_err.info /usr/share/info
install-info --dir-file=/usr/share/info/dir /usr/share/info/com_err.info</userinput></screen>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="conf-e2fsprogs" role="configuration">
    <title>Configuring E2fsprogs</title>

    <indexterm zone="conf-e2fsprogs">
      <primary sortas="e-/etc/mke2fs.conf">/etc/mke2fs.conf</primary>
    </indexterm>

    <para>
      <filename>/etc/mke2fs.conf</filename> contains the default value of
      various command line options of <command>mke2fs</command>.  You may
      edit the file to make the default values suitable for your need.
      For example, some utilities (not in LFS or BLFS) cannot recognize a
      <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext4</systemitem> file system with
      <literal>metadata_csum_seed</literal> feature enabled.
      <emphasis role='bold'>If</emphasis> you need such an utility, you may
      remove the feature from the default
      <systemitem class='filesystem'>ext4</systemitem> feature list with the
      command:
    </para>

    <screen role='nodump'><userinput>sed 's/metadata_csum_seed,//' -i /etc/mke2fs.conf</userinput></screen>

    <para>
      Read the man page <ulink role='man'
      url='&man;mke2fs.conf.5'>mke2fs.conf(5)</ulink> for details.
    </para>
  </sect2>

  <sect2 id="contents-e2fsprogs" role="content">
    <title>Contents of E2fsprogs</title>

    <segmentedlist>
      <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
      <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>

      <seglistitem>
        <seg>badblocks, chattr, compile_et, debugfs, dumpe2fs, e2freefrag,
        e2fsck, e2image, e2label, e2mmpstatus, e2scrub, e2scrub_all, e2undo,
        e4crypt, e4defrag, filefrag, fsck.ext2,
        fsck.ext3, fsck.ext4, logsave, lsattr, mk_cmds, mke2fs,
        mkfs.ext2, mkfs.ext3, mkfs.ext4, mklost+found,
        resize2fs, and tune2fs</seg>
        <seg>libcom_err.so, libe2p.so, libext2fs.so, and libss.so</seg>
        <seg>/usr/include/e2p, /usr/include/et, /usr/include/ext2fs,
        /usr/include/ss, /usr/lib/e2fsprogs, /usr/share/et, and
        /usr/share/ss</seg>
      </seglistitem>
    </segmentedlist>

    <variablelist>
      <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
      <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
      <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>

      <varlistentry id="badblocks">
        <term><command>badblocks</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Searches a device (usually a disk partition) for bad
          blocks</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs badblocks">
            <primary sortas="b-badblocks">badblocks</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="chattr">
        <term><command>chattr</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Changes the attributes of files on <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs chattr">
            <primary sortas="b-chattr">chattr</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="compile_et">
        <term><command>compile_et</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>An error table compiler; it converts a table of error-code
          names and messages into a C source file suitable for use with the
          <filename class="libraryfile">com_err</filename> library</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs compile_et">
            <primary sortas="b-compile_et">compile_et</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="debugfs">
        <term><command>debugfs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>A file system debugger; it can be used to examine and change
          the state of <systemitem class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem>
          file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs debugfs">
            <primary sortas="b-debugfs">debugfs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="dumpe2fs">
        <term><command>dumpe2fs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Prints the super block and blocks group information for the
          file system present on a given device</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs dumpe2fs">
            <primary sortas="b-dumpe2fs">dumpe2fs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2freefrag">
        <term><command>e2freefrag</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Reports free space fragmentation information</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2freefrag">
            <primary sortas="b-e2freefrag">e2freefrag</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2fsck">
        <term><command>e2fsck</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Is used to check and optionally repair <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2fsck">
            <primary sortas="b-e2fsck">e2fsck</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2image">
        <term><command>e2image</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Is used to save critical <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file system data to a file</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2image">
            <primary sortas="b-e2image">e2image</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2label">
        <term><command>e2label</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Displays or changes the file system label on the <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file system on a given
          device</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2label">
            <primary sortas="b-e2label">e2label</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2mmpstatus">
        <term><command>e2mmpstatus</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Checks MMP (Multiple Mount Protection) status of an <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem> file system</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2mmpstatus">
            <primary sortas="b-e2mmpstatus">e2mmpstatus</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2scrub">
        <term><command>e2scrub</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Checks the contents of a mounted <systemitem
              class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file system</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2scrub">
            <primary sortas="b-e2scrub">e2scrub</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2scrub_all">
        <term><command>e2scrub_all</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Checks all mounted <systemitem class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem>
          file systems for errors</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2scrub_all">
            <primary sortas="b-e2scrub_all">e2scrub_all</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e2undo">
        <term><command>e2undo</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Replays the undo log for an <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file system
          found on a device. [This can be used to undo a failed operation by an
          E2fsprogs program.]</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e2undo">
            <primary sortas="b-e2undo">e2undo</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e4crypt">
        <term><command>e4crypt</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para><systemitem class="filesystem">Ext4</systemitem>
          file system encryption utility</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e4crypt">
            <primary sortas="b-e4crypt">e4crypt</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="e4defrag">
        <term><command>e4defrag</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Online defragmenter for <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs e4defrag">
            <primary sortas="b-e4defrag">e4defrag</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="filefrag">
        <term><command>filefrag</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Reports on how badly fragmented a particular file might be</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs filefrag">
            <primary sortas="b-filefrag">filefrag</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="fsck.ext2">
        <term><command>fsck.ext2</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default checks <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>e2fsck</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck.ext2">
            <primary sortas="b-fsck.ext2">fsck.ext2</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="fsck.ext3">
        <term><command>fsck.ext3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default checks <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>e2fsck</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck.ext3">
            <primary sortas="b-fsck.ext3">fsck.ext3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="fsck.ext4">
        <term><command>fsck.ext4</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default checks <systemitem class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>e2fsck</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs fsck.ext4">
            <primary sortas="b-fsck.ext4">fsck.ext4</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="logsave">
        <term><command>logsave</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Saves the output of a command in a log file</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs logsave">
            <primary sortas="b-logsave">logsave</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="lsattr">
        <term><command>lsattr</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Lists the attributes of files on a second extended file
          system</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs lsattr">
            <primary sortas="b-lsattr">lsattr</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mk_cmds">
        <term><command>mk_cmds</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Converts a table of command names and help messages into a C
          source file suitable for use with the <filename
          class="libraryfile">libss</filename> subsystem library</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mk_cmds">
            <primary sortas="b-mk_cmds">mk_cmds</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mke2fs">
        <term><command>mke2fs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Creates an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem>
          file system on the given device</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mke2fs">
            <primary sortas="b-mke2fs">mke2fs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mkfs.ext2">
        <term><command>mkfs.ext2</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default creates <systemitem class="filesystem">ext2</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>mke2fs</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mkfs.ext2">
            <primary sortas="b-mkfs.ext2">mkfs.ext2</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mkfs.ext3">
        <term><command>mkfs.ext3</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default creates <systemitem class="filesystem">ext3</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>mke2fs</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mkfs.ext3">
            <primary sortas="b-mkfs.ext3">mkfs.ext3</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mkfs.ext4">
        <term><command>mkfs.ext4</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>By default creates <systemitem class="filesystem">ext4</systemitem>
          file systems and is a hard link to <command>mke2fs</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mkfs.ext4">
            <primary sortas="b-mkfs.ext4">mkfs.ext4</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="mklost-found">
        <term><command>mklost+found</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Creates a <filename class="directory">lost+found</filename>
          directory on an <systemitem class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file
          system; it pre-allocates disk blocks to this directory to lighten the
          task of <command>e2fsck</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs mklost-found">
            <primary sortas="b-mklost+found">mklost+found</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="resize2fs">
        <term><command>resize2fs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Can be used to enlarge or shrink <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs resize2fs">
            <primary sortas="b-resize2fs">resize2fs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="tune2fs">
        <term><command>tune2fs</command></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Adjusts tunable file system parameters on <systemitem
          class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs tune2fs">
            <primary sortas="b-tune2fs">tune2fs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libcom_err">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcom_err</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>The common error display routine</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libcom_err">
            <primary sortas="c-libcom_err">libcom_err</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libe2p">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libe2p</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Used by <command>dumpe2fs</command>, <command>chattr</command>,
          and <command>lsattr</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libe2p">
            <primary sortas="c-libe2p">libe2p</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libext2fs">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libext2fs</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Contains routines to enable user-level programs to manipulate
          <systemitem class="filesystem">ext{234}</systemitem> file systems</para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libext2fs">
            <primary sortas="c-libext2fs">libext2fs</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

      <varlistentry id="libss">
        <term><filename class="libraryfile">libss</filename></term>
        <listitem>
          <para>Used by <command>debugfs</command></para>
          <indexterm zone="ch-system-e2fsprogs libss">
            <primary sortas="c-libss">libss</primary>
          </indexterm>
        </listitem>
      </varlistentry>

    </variablelist>

  </sect2>

</sect1>