| 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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| 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-ncurses" role="wrap">
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| 9 | <?dbhtml filename="ncurses.html"?>
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| 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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| 12 | <productname>ncurses</productname>
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| 13 | <productnumber>&ncurses-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&ncurses-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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| 17 | <title>Ncurses-&ncurses-version;</title>
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| 18 |
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| 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses">
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| 20 | <primary sortas="a-Ncurses">Ncurses</primary>
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| 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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| 26 | <para>The Ncurses package contains libraries for terminal-independent
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| 27 | handling of character screens.</para>
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| 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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| 34 | <seg>&ncurses-fin-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&ncurses-fin-du;</seg>
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| 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 |
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| 39 | </sect2>
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| 40 |
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| 41 | <sect2 role="installation">
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| 42 | <title>Installation of Ncurses</title>
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| 43 |
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| 44 | <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
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| 45 |
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| 46 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 47 | --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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| 48 | --with-shared \
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| 49 | --without-debug \
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| 50 | --without-normal \
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| 51 | --with-cxx-shared \
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| 52 | --enable-pc-files \
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| 53 | --enable-widec \
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| 54 | --with-pkg-config-libdir=/usr/lib/pkgconfig</userinput></screen>
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| 55 |
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| 56 | <variablelist>
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| 57 | <title>The meaning of the new configure options:</title>
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| 58 |
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| 59 | <varlistentry>
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| 60 | <term><parameter>--with-shared</parameter></term>
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| 61 | <listitem>
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| 62 | <para>This makes Ncurses build and install shared C libraries.</para>
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| 63 | </listitem>
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| 64 | </varlistentry>
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| 65 |
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| 66 | <varlistentry>
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| 67 | <term><parameter>--without-normal</parameter></term>
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| 68 | <listitem>
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| 69 | <para>This prevents Ncurses building and installing static C
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| 70 | libraries.</para>
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| 71 | </listitem>
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| 72 | </varlistentry>
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| 73 |
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| 74 | <varlistentry>
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| 75 | <term><parameter>--without-debug</parameter></term>
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| 76 | <listitem>
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| 77 | <para>This prevents Ncurses building and installing debug
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| 78 | libraries.</para>
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| 79 | </listitem>
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| 80 | </varlistentry>
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| 81 |
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| 82 | <varlistentry>
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| 83 | <term><parameter>--with-cxx-shared</parameter></term>
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| 84 | <listitem>
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| 85 | <para>This makes Ncurses build and install shared C++ bindings. It
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| 86 | also prevents it building and installing static C++ bindings.</para>
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| 87 | </listitem>
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| 88 | </varlistentry>
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| 89 |
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| 90 | <varlistentry>
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| 91 | <term><parameter>--enable-pc-files</parameter></term>
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| 92 | <listitem>
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| 93 | <para>This switch generates and installs .pc files for pkg-config.
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| 94 | </para>
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| 95 | </listitem>
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| 96 | </varlistentry>
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| 97 |
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| 98 | <varlistentry>
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| 99 | <term><parameter>--enable-widec</parameter></term>
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| 100 | <listitem>
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| 101 | <para>This switch causes wide-character libraries (e.g., <filename
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| 102 | class="libraryfile">libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>)
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| 103 | to be built instead of normal ones (e.g., <filename
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| 104 | class="libraryfile">libncurses.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>).
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| 105 | These wide-character libraries are usable in both multibyte and
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| 106 | traditional 8-bit locales, while normal libraries work properly
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| 107 | only in 8-bit locales. Wide-character and normal libraries are
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| 108 | source-compatible, but not binary-compatible.</para>
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| 109 | </listitem>
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| 110 | </varlistentry>
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| 111 |
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| 112 | </variablelist>
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| 113 |
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| 114 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 115 |
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| 116 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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| 117 |
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| 118 | <para>This package has a test suite, but it can only be run after the
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| 119 | package has been installed. The tests reside in the
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| 120 | <filename class="directory">test/</filename> directory. See the
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| 121 | <filename>README</filename> file in that directory for further details.
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| 122 | </para>
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| 123 |
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| 124 | <!-- To editors: crash of shell process was very rare but really
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| 125 | observed. We can't simply remove /usr/lib/libncursesw.so.6.x like
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| 126 | how we handle libmozjs-xx.so in BLFS because bash needs it, and
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| 127 | make will spawn new shell processes during "make install". -->
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| 128 |
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| 129 | <para>The installation of this package will overwrite
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| 130 | <filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;</filename>
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| 131 | in-place. It may crash the shell process which is using code and data
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| 132 | from the library file. Install the package with
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| 133 | <literal>DESTDIR</literal>, and replace the library file correctly using
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| 134 | <command>install</command> command. A useless static archive which is
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| 135 | not handled by <command>configure</command> is also removed:</para>
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| 136 |
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| 137 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/dest install
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| 138 | install -vm755 dest/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version; /usr/lib
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| 139 | rm -v dest/usr/lib/libncursesw.so.&ncurses-version;
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| 140 | cp -av dest/* /</userinput></screen>
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| 141 |
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| 142 | <para>Many applications still expect the linker to be able to find
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| 143 | non-wide-character Ncurses libraries. Trick such applications into linking with
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| 144 | wide-character libraries by means of symlinks and linker scripts:</para>
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| 145 |
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| 146 | <screen><userinput remap="install">for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
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| 147 | rm -vf /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
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| 148 | echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" > /usr/lib/lib${lib}.so
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| 149 | ln -sfv ${lib}w.pc /usr/lib/pkgconfig/${lib}.pc
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| 150 | done</userinput></screen>
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| 151 |
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| 152 | <para>Finally, make sure that old applications that look for
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| 153 | <filename class="libraryfile">-lcurses</filename> at build time are still
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| 154 | buildable:</para>
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| 155 |
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| 156 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -vf /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
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| 157 | echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > /usr/lib/libcursesw.so
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| 158 | ln -sfv libncurses.so /usr/lib/libcurses.so</userinput></screen>
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| 159 |
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| 160 | <para>If desired, install the Ncurses documentation:</para>
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| 161 |
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| 162 | <screen><userinput remap="install">mkdir -pv /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
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| 163 | cp -v -R doc/* /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;</userinput></screen>
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| 164 |
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| 165 | <note>
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| 166 |
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| 167 | <para>The instructions above don't create non-wide-character Ncurses
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| 168 | libraries since no package installed by compiling from sources would link
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| 169 | against them at runtime. However, the only known binary-only
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| 170 | applications that link against non-wide-character Ncurses libraries
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| 171 | require version 5. If you must have such libraries because of some binary-only
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| 172 | application or to be compliant with LSB, build the package again with the
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| 173 | following commands:</para>
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| 174 |
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| 175 | <screen role="nodump"><userinput>make distclean
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| 176 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 177 | --with-shared \
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| 178 | --without-normal \
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| 179 | --with-cxx-shared \
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| 180 | --without-debug \
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| 181 | --without-cxx-binding \
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| 182 | --with-abi-version=5
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| 183 | make sources libs
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| 184 | cp -av lib/lib*.so.5* /usr/lib</userinput></screen>
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| 185 | </note>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | </sect2>
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| 188 |
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| 189 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
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| 190 | <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
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| 191 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
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| 192 | <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all">
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| 193 | <title>Building Ncurses - 32bit</title>
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| 194 |
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| 195 | <para>Clean previous build:</para>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">make distclean</userinput></screen>
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| 198 |
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| 199 | <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
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| 200 |
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| 201 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -m32" CXX="g++ -m32" \
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| 202 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 203 | --host=i686-pc-linux-gnu \
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| 204 | --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
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| 205 | --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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| 206 | --with-shared \
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| 207 | --without-debug \
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| 208 | --without-normal \
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| 209 | --with-cxx-shared \
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| 210 | --enable-pc-files \
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| 211 | --enable-widec \
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| 212 | --with-pkg-config-libdir=/usr/lib32/pkgconfig</userinput></screen>
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| 213 |
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| 214 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 215 |
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| 216 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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| 217 |
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| 218 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 219 |
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| 220 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR install
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| 221 | mkdir -p DESTDIR/usr/lib32/pkgconfig
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| 222 | for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
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| 223 | rm -vf DESTDIR/usr/lib32/lib${lib}.so
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| 224 | echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" > DESTDIR/usr/lib32/lib${lib}.so
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| 225 | ln -svf ${lib}w.pc DESTDIR/usr/lib32/pkgconfig/$lib.pc
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| 226 | done
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| 227 | rm -vf DESTDIR/usr/lib32/libcursesw.so
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| 228 | echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > DESTDIR/usr/lib32/libcursesw.so
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| 229 | ln -sfv libncurses.so DESTDIR/usr/lib32/libcurses.so
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| 230 | cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
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| 231 | rm -rf DESTDIR</userinput></screen>
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| 232 |
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| 233 | </sect2><!-- m32 -->
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| 234 |
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| 235 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
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| 236 | <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
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| 237 | <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
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| 238 | <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all">
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| 239 | <title>Building Ncurses - x32bit</title>
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| 240 |
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| 241 | <para>Clean previous build:</para>
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| 242 |
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| 243 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">make distclean</userinput></screen>
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| 244 |
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| 245 | <para>Prepare Ncurses for compilation:</para>
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| 246 |
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| 247 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">CC="gcc -mx32" CXX="g++ -mx32" \
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| 248 | ./configure --prefix=/usr \
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| 249 | --host=x86_64-pc-linux-gnux32 \
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| 250 | --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
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| 251 | --mandir=/usr/share/man \
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| 252 | --with-shared \
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| 253 | --without-debug \
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| 254 | --without-normal \
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| 255 | --enable-pc-files \
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| 256 | --enable-widec \
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| 257 | --with-pkg-config-libdir=/usr/libx32/pkgconfig</userinput></screen>
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| 258 |
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| 259 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 260 |
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| 261 | <screen><userinput remap="make">make</userinput></screen>
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| 262 |
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| 263 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 264 |
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| 265 | <screen><userinput remap="install">make DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR install
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| 266 | mkdir -p DESTDIR/usr/libx32/pkgconfig
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| 267 | for lib in ncurses form panel menu ; do
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| 268 | rm -vf DESTDIR/usr/libx32/lib${lib}.so
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| 269 | echo "INPUT(-l${lib}w)" > DESTDIR/usr/libx32/lib${lib}.so
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| 270 | ln -svf ${lib}w.pc DESTDIR/usr/libx32/pkgconfig/$lib.pc
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| 271 | done
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| 272 | rm -vf DESTDIR/usr/libx32/libcursesw.so
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| 273 | echo "INPUT(-lncursesw)" > DESTDIR/usr/libx32/libcursesw.so
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| 274 | ln -sfv libncurses.so DESTDIR/usr/libx32/libcurses.so
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| 275 | cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
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| 276 | rm -rf DESTDIR</userinput></screen>
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| 277 |
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| 278 | </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
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| 279 |
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| 280 | <sect2 id="contents-ncurses" role="content">
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| 281 | <title>Contents of Ncurses</title>
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| 282 |
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| 283 | <segmentedlist>
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| 284 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 285 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 286 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 287 |
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| 288 | <seglistitem>
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| 289 | <seg>
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| 290 | captoinfo (link to tic),
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| 291 | clear,
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| 292 | infocmp,
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| 293 | infotocap (link to tic),
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| 294 | ncursesw6-config,
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| 295 | reset (link to tset),
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| 296 | tabs,
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| 297 | tic,
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| 298 | toe,
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| 299 | tput, and
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| 300 | tset
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| 301 | </seg>
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| 302 | <seg>
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| 303 | libcursesw.so (symlink and linker script to libncursesw.so),
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| 304 | libformw.so,
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| 305 | libmenuw.so,
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| 306 | libncursesw.so,
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| 307 | libpanelw.so, and their non-wide-character counterparts without "w"
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| 308 | in the library names.</seg>
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| 309 | <seg>
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| 310 | /usr/share/tabset,
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| 311 | /usr/share/terminfo, and
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| 312 | /usr/share/doc/ncurses-&ncurses-version;
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| 313 | </seg>
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| 314 | </seglistitem>
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| 315 | </segmentedlist>
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| 316 |
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| 317 | <variablelist>
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| 318 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 319 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 320 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 321 |
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| 322 | <varlistentry id="captoinfo">
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| 323 | <term><command>captoinfo</command></term>
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| 324 | <listitem>
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| 325 | <para>Converts a termcap description into a terminfo description</para>
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| 326 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses captoinfo">
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| 327 | <primary sortas="b-captoinfo">captoinfo</primary>
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| 328 | </indexterm>
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| 329 | </listitem>
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| 330 | </varlistentry>
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| 331 |
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| 332 | <varlistentry id="clear">
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| 333 | <term><command>clear</command></term>
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| 334 | <listitem>
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| 335 | <para>Clears the screen, if possible</para>
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| 336 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses clear">
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| 337 | <primary sortas="b-clear">clear</primary>
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| 338 | </indexterm>
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| 339 | </listitem>
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| 340 | </varlistentry>
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| 341 |
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| 342 | <varlistentry id="infocmp">
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| 343 | <term><command>infocmp</command></term>
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| 344 | <listitem>
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| 345 | <para>Compares or prints out terminfo descriptions</para>
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| 346 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infocmp">
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| 347 | <primary sortas="b-infocmp">infocmp</primary>
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| 348 | </indexterm>
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| 349 | </listitem>
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| 350 | </varlistentry>
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| 351 |
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| 352 | <varlistentry id="infotocap">
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| 353 | <term><command>infotocap</command></term>
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| 354 | <listitem>
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| 355 | <para>Converts a terminfo description into a termcap description</para>
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| 356 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses infotocap">
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| 357 | <primary sortas="b-infotocap">infotocap</primary>
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| 358 | </indexterm>
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| 359 | </listitem>
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| 360 | </varlistentry>
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| 361 |
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| 362 | <varlistentry id="ncursesw6-config">
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| 363 | <term><command>ncursesw6-config</command></term>
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| 364 | <listitem>
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| 365 | <para>Provides configuration information for ncurses</para>
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| 366 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses ncursesw6-config">
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| 367 | <primary sortas="b-ncursesw6-config">ncursesw6-config</primary>
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| 368 | </indexterm>
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| 369 | </listitem>
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| 370 | </varlistentry>
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| 371 |
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| 372 | <varlistentry id="reset">
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| 373 | <term><command>reset</command></term>
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| 374 | <listitem>
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| 375 | <para>Reinitializes a terminal to its default values</para>
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| 376 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses reset">
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| 377 | <primary sortas="b-reset">reset</primary>
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| 378 | </indexterm>
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| 379 | </listitem>
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| 380 | </varlistentry>
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| 381 |
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| 382 | <varlistentry id="tabs">
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| 383 | <term><command>tabs</command></term>
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| 384 | <listitem>
|
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| 385 | <para>Clears and sets tab stops on a terminal</para>
|
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| 386 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tabs">
|
|---|
| 387 | <primary sortas="b-tabs">tabs</primary>
|
|---|
| 388 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 389 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 390 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 391 |
|
|---|
| 392 | <varlistentry id="tic">
|
|---|
| 393 | <term><command>tic</command></term>
|
|---|
| 394 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 395 | <para>The terminfo entry-description compiler that translates a
|
|---|
| 396 | terminfo file from source format into the binary format needed for the
|
|---|
| 397 | ncurses library routines [A terminfo file contains information on the
|
|---|
| 398 | capabilities of a certain terminal.]</para>
|
|---|
| 399 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tic">
|
|---|
| 400 | <primary sortas="b-tic">tic</primary>
|
|---|
| 401 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 402 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 403 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 404 |
|
|---|
| 405 | <varlistentry id="toe">
|
|---|
| 406 | <term><command>toe</command></term>
|
|---|
| 407 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 408 | <para>Lists all available terminal types, giving the primary name and
|
|---|
| 409 | description for each</para>
|
|---|
| 410 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses toe">
|
|---|
| 411 | <primary sortas="b-toe">toe</primary>
|
|---|
| 412 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 413 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 414 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 415 |
|
|---|
| 416 | <varlistentry id="tput">
|
|---|
| 417 | <term><command>tput</command></term>
|
|---|
| 418 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 419 | <para>Makes the values of terminal-dependent capabilities available to
|
|---|
| 420 | the shell; it can also be used to reset or initialize a terminal or
|
|---|
| 421 | report its long name</para>
|
|---|
| 422 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tput">
|
|---|
| 423 | <primary sortas="b-tput">tput</primary>
|
|---|
| 424 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 425 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 426 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 427 |
|
|---|
| 428 | <varlistentry id="tset">
|
|---|
| 429 | <term><command>tset</command></term>
|
|---|
| 430 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 431 | <para>Can be used to initialize terminals</para>
|
|---|
| 432 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses tset">
|
|---|
| 433 | <primary sortas="b-tset">tset</primary>
|
|---|
| 434 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 435 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 436 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 437 |
|
|---|
| 438 | <varlistentry id="libcursesw">
|
|---|
| 439 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libcursesw</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 440 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 441 | <para>A link to <filename>libncursesw</filename></para>
|
|---|
| 442 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libcursesw">
|
|---|
| 443 | <primary sortas="c-libcursesw">libcursesw</primary>
|
|---|
| 444 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 445 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 446 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 447 |
|
|---|
| 448 | <varlistentry id="libncursesw">
|
|---|
| 449 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libncursesw</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 450 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 451 | <para>Contains functions to display text in many complex ways on a
|
|---|
| 452 | terminal screen; a good example of the use of these functions is the
|
|---|
| 453 | menu displayed during the kernel's <command>make
|
|---|
| 454 | menuconfig</command></para>
|
|---|
| 455 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libncursesw">
|
|---|
| 456 | <primary sortas="c-libncursesw">libncursesw</primary>
|
|---|
| 457 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 458 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 459 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 460 |
|
|---|
| 461 | <varlistentry id="libformw">
|
|---|
| 462 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libformw</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 463 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 464 | <para>Contains functions to implement forms</para>
|
|---|
| 465 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libformw">
|
|---|
| 466 | <primary sortas="c-libformw">libformw</primary>
|
|---|
| 467 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 468 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 469 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 470 |
|
|---|
| 471 | <varlistentry id="libmenuw">
|
|---|
| 472 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libmenuw</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 473 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 474 | <para>Contains functions to implement menus</para>
|
|---|
| 475 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libmenuw">
|
|---|
| 476 | <primary sortas="c-libmenuw">libmenuw</primary>
|
|---|
| 477 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 478 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 479 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 480 |
|
|---|
| 481 | <varlistentry id="libpanelw">
|
|---|
| 482 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libpanelw</filename></term>
|
|---|
| 483 | <listitem>
|
|---|
| 484 | <para>Contains functions to implement panels</para>
|
|---|
| 485 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-ncurses libpanelw">
|
|---|
| 486 | <primary sortas="c-libpanelw">libpanelw</primary>
|
|---|
| 487 | </indexterm>
|
|---|
| 488 | </listitem>
|
|---|
| 489 | </varlistentry>
|
|---|
| 490 |
|
|---|
| 491 | </variablelist>
|
|---|
| 492 |
|
|---|
| 493 | </sect2>
|
|---|
| 494 |
|
|---|
| 495 | </sect1>
|
|---|
