[f896e21c] | 1 | <?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
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| 2 | <!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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| 3 | "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
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| 4 | <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
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| 5 | %general-entities;
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| 6 | ]>
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| 7 |
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[35a5259] | 8 | <sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
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[cba2d4e] | 9 | <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
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[f896e21c] | 10 |
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| 11 | <sect1info condition="script">
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[cba2d4e] | 12 | <productname>systemd</productname>
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[f896e21c] | 13 | <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
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| 14 | <address>&systemd-url;</address>
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| 15 | </sect1info>
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| 16 |
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[cba2d4e] | 17 | <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
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[f896e21c] | 18 |
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[cba2d4e] | 19 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
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[1118b17] | 20 | <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
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[f896e21c] | 21 | </indexterm>
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| 22 |
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| 23 | <sect2 role="package">
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| 24 | <title/>
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| 25 |
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[1118b17] | 26 | <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
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[cba2d4e] | 27 | running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
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[f896e21c] | 28 |
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| 29 | <segmentedlist>
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| 30 | <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
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| 31 | <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
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| 32 |
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| 33 | <seglistitem>
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[fb386e0] | 34 | <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
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| 35 | <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 36 | </seglistitem>
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| 37 | </segmentedlist>
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| 38 | </sect2>
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| 39 |
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| 40 | <sect2 role="installation">
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[1118b17] | 41 | <title>Installation of systemd</title>
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[70dcd88] | 42 |
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[d53fefa] | 43 | <para>First, apply a patch to fix the build with GCC-10:</para>
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| 44 |
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| 45 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">patch -Np1 -i ../systemd-&systemd-version;-gcc_10-fixes-1.patch</userinput></screen>
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| 46 |
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[9e7475a] | 47 | <para>Create a symlink to work around the xsltproc command not being installed:</para>
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[81ed05f] | 48 |
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[efcb393] | 49 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
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[e88a471b] | 50 |
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[fc199db] | 51 | <para>Set up the man pages:</para>
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| 52 |
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[f7cea72] | 53 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">tar -xf ../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz</userinput></screen>
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[1118b17] | 54 |
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[e88a471b] | 55 | <para>Remove tests that cannot be built in chroot:</para>
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| 56 |
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[c06f49a] | 57 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '179,$ d' -i src/resolve/meson.build</userinput></screen>
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[b55310e] | 58 |
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[896e77e] | 59 | <para>Remove an unneeded group,
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| 60 | <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem>, from the default udev
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| 61 | rules:</para>
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| 62 |
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[b7b0eea] | 63 | <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i 's/GROUP="render", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
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[896e77e] | 64 |
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[1118b17] | 65 | <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
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| 66 |
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[c556e59] | 67 | <screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
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[04b2165] | 68 | cd build
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[fc199db] | 69 |
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[0f703541] | 70 | LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
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| 71 | meson --prefix=/usr \
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| 72 | --sysconfdir=/etc \
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| 73 | --localstatedir=/var \
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| 74 | -Dblkid=true \
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| 75 | -Dbuildtype=release \
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| 76 | -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
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| 77 | -Dfirstboot=false \
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| 78 | -Dinstall-tests=false \
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| 79 | -Dkmod-path=/bin/kmod \
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| 80 | -Dldconfig=false \
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| 81 | -Dmount-path=/bin/mount \
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| 82 | -Drootprefix= \
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| 83 | -Drootlibdir=/lib \
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| 84 | -Dsplit-usr=true \
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| 85 | -Dsulogin-path=/sbin/sulogin \
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| 86 | -Dsysusers=false \
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| 87 | -Dumount-path=/bin/umount \
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| 88 | -Db_lto=false \
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| 89 | -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
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| 90 | -Dhomed=false \
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| 91 | -Duserdb=false \
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| 92 | -Dman=true \
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[fc199db] | 93 | ..</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 94 |
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| 95 | <variablelist>
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[81ed05f] | 96 | <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
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[cba2d4e] | 97 |
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| 98 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 99 | <term><parameter>-D*-path=*</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 100 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 101 | <para>These switches provide the location of binaries needed by
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[efcb393] | 102 | systemd at runtime that have not yet been installed.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 103 | </listitem>
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| 104 | </varlistentry>
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| 105 |
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| 106 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 107 | <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 108 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 109 | <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 110 | </listitem>
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| 111 | </varlistentry>
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| 112 |
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| 113 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 114 | <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 115 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 116 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 117 | services responsible for setting up the system for
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| 118 | the first time. They are not useful for LFS because
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| 119 | everything is done manually.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 120 | </listitem>
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| 121 | </varlistentry>
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| 122 |
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[e88a471b] | 123 | <varlistentry>
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| 124 | <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
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| 125 | <listitem>
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| 126 | <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
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| 127 | </listitem>
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| 128 | </varlistentry>
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| 129 |
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[cba2d4e] | 130 | <varlistentry>
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[0d84af1] | 131 | <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 132 | <listitem>
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[0d84af1] | 133 | <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
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| 134 | <command>ldconfig</command> at boot, which is not useful for source
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| 135 | distributions such as LFS and makes the boot time longer. Remove it
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| 136 | if the described feature is desired.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 137 | </listitem>
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| 138 | </varlistentry>
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| 139 |
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| 140 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 141 | <term><parameter>-Droot*</parameter></term>
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[cba2d4e] | 142 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 143 | <para>These switches ensure that core programs and
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[9e7475a] | 144 | shared libraries are installed in subdirectories
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[81ed05f] | 145 | of the root partition.</para>
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[1118b17] | 146 | </listitem>
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| 147 | </varlistentry>
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| 148 |
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| 149 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 150 | <term><parameter>-Dsplit-usr=true</parameter></term>
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[1118b17] | 151 | <listitem>
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[81ed05f] | 152 | <para>This switch ensures that systemd will work on
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| 153 | systems where /bin, /lib and /sbin directories are not
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| 154 | symlinks to their /usr counterparts.</para>
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[1118b17] | 155 | </listitem>
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| 156 | </varlistentry>
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| 157 |
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| 158 | <varlistentry>
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[81ed05f] | 159 | <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
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[1118b17] | 160 | <listitem>
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| 161 | <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
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| 162 | services responsible for setting up the
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| 163 | <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
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| 164 | <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
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[0d84af1] | 165 | were created earlier in this chapter.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 166 | </listitem>
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| 167 | </varlistentry>
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| 168 |
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[c556e59] | 169 | <varlistentry>
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| 170 | <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
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| 171 | <listitem>
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| 172 | <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
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| 173 | for use with systemd because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
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| 174 | </listitem>
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| 175 | </varlistentry>
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[c06f49a] | 176 |
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| 177 | <varlistentry>
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| 178 | <term><parameter>-D{userdb,homed}=false</parameter></term>
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| 179 | <listitem>
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| 180 | <para>Remove two daemons that have dependencies that do not fit
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| 181 | the scope of LFS.</para>
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| 182 | </listitem>
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| 183 | </varlistentry>
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| 184 |
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[cba2d4e] | 185 | </variablelist>
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| 186 |
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| 187 | <para>Compile the package:</para>
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| 188 |
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[fc199db] | 189 | <screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
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[f896e21c] | 190 |
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| 191 | <para>Install the package:</para>
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| 192 |
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[81ed05f] | 193 | <screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja install</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 194 |
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[c556e59] | 195 | <para>Remove an unnecessary symbolic link:</para>
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| 196 |
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| 197 | <screen><userinput remap="install">rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
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| 198 |
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[cba2d4e] | 199 | <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
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[1118b17] | 200 | <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
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[053b206] | 201 |
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[15f0f21] | 202 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
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[cba2d4e] | 203 |
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[8a0d39ee] | 204 | <para>Setup the basic target structure:</para>
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| 205 |
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| 206 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
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[777b5cb] | 207 |
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| 208 | <para>Disable a service that is known to cause problems with systems that
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| 209 | use a network configuration other than what is provided by
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| 210 | systemd-networkd:</para>
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| 211 | <!-- Observed halting startup with dhcpcd handling the primary NIC -->
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| 212 |
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| 213 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl disable systemd-time-wait-sync.service</userinput></screen>
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| 214 |
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| 215 | <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
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| 216 | some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
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[c06f49a] | 217 |
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| 218 | <screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
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[777b5cb] | 219 |
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[f896e21c] | 220 | </sect2>
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| 221 |
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[cba2d4e] | 222 | <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
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[1118b17] | 223 | <title>Contents of systemd</title>
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[f896e21c] | 224 |
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| 225 | <segmentedlist>
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| 226 | <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
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| 227 | <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
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| 228 | <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
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| 229 |
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| 230 | <seglistitem>
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[78cc3be] | 231 | <seg>bootctl, busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
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| 232 | hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
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| 233 | machinectl, networkctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
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| 234 | systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
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| 235 | resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
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| 236 | (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-analyze,
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[1118b17] | 237 | systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
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| 238 | systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb,
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[78cc3be] | 239 | systemd-id128, systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
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| 240 | systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
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[c06f49a] | 241 | systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
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[78cc3be] | 242 | systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-tmpfiles,
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| 243 | systemd-tty-ask-password-agent, systemd-umount (symlink to
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| 244 | systemd-mount), telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and
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| 245 | udevadm</seg>
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[1118b17] | 246 | <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
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[78cc3be] | 247 | libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
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| 248 | libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /lib/systemd),
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[a840e59] | 249 | and libudev.so</seg>
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[cba2d4e] | 250 | <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
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| 251 | /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
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| 252 | /etc/xdg/systemd, /lib/systemd, /lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
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| 253 | /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/kernel, /usr/lib/modules-load.d,
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| 254 | /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
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[1118b17] | 255 | /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
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| 256 | /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
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[f896e21c] | 257 | </seglistitem>
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| 258 | </segmentedlist>
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| 259 |
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| 260 | <variablelist>
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| 261 | <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
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| 262 | <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
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| 263 | <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
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| 264 |
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[cba2d4e] | 265 | <varlistentry id="bootctl">
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| 266 | <term><command>bootctl</command></term>
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| 267 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 268 | <para>Is used to query the firmware and boot manager settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 269 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd bootctl">
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| 270 | <primary sortas="b-bootctl">bootctl</primary>
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| 271 | </indexterm>
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| 272 | </listitem>
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| 273 | </varlistentry>
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| 274 |
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| 275 | <varlistentry id="busctl">
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| 276 | <term><command>busctl</command></term>
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| 277 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 278 | <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 279 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
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| 280 | <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
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| 281 | </indexterm>
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| 282 | </listitem>
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| 283 | </varlistentry>
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| 284 |
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[1118b17] | 285 | <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
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| 286 | <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
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| 287 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 288 | <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
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[1118b17] | 289 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
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| 290 | <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
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| 291 | </indexterm>
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| 292 | </listitem>
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| 293 | </varlistentry>
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| 294 |
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[cba2d4e] | 295 | <varlistentry id="halt">
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| 296 | <term><command>halt</command></term>
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| 297 | <listitem>
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| 298 | <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
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| 299 | <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
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| 300 | then it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
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| 301 | file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
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[1118b17] | 302 | brought down</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 303 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
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| 304 | <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
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| 305 | </indexterm>
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| 306 | </listitem>
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| 307 | </varlistentry>
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| 308 |
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| 309 | <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
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| 310 | <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
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| 311 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 312 | <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
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[1118b17] | 313 | settings</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 314 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
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| 315 | <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
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| 316 | </indexterm>
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| 317 | </listitem>
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| 318 | </varlistentry>
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| 319 |
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| 320 | <varlistentry id="init">
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| 321 | <term><command>init</command></term>
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| 322 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 323 | <para>Is the first process to be started when the kernel has initialized
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[0d84af1] | 324 | the hardware which takes over the boot process and starts all
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[9e7475a] | 325 | processes according to its configuration files. In this case, it starts
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| 326 | systemd.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 327 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
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| 328 | <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
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| 329 | </indexterm>
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| 330 | </listitem>
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| 331 | </varlistentry>
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| 332 |
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| 333 | <varlistentry id="journalctl">
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| 334 | <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
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| 335 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 336 | <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 337 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
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| 338 | <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
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| 339 | </indexterm>
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| 340 | </listitem>
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| 341 | </varlistentry>
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| 342 |
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| 343 | <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
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| 344 | <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
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| 345 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 346 | <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
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| 347 | from /boot. In LFS, this is done manually.</para>
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[cba2d4e] | 348 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
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| 349 | <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
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| 350 | </indexterm>
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| 351 | </listitem>
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| 352 | </varlistentry>
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| 353 |
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| 354 | <varlistentry id="localectl">
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| 355 | <term><command>localectl</command></term>
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| 356 | <listitem>
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[9e7475a] | 357 | <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
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[1118b17] | 358 | settings</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 359 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
|
---|
| 360 | <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
|
---|
| 361 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 362 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 363 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 364 |
|
---|
| 365 | <varlistentry id="loginctl">
|
---|
| 366 | <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 367 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 368 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
|
---|
[1118b17] | 369 | Manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 370 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
|
---|
| 371 | <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
|
---|
| 372 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 373 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 374 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 375 |
|
---|
| 376 | <varlistentry id="machinectl">
|
---|
| 377 | <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 378 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 379 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 380 | Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
|
---|
| 381 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
|
---|
| 382 | <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
|
---|
| 383 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 384 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 385 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 386 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 387 | <varlistentry id="networkctl">
|
---|
| 388 | <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
|
---|
| 389 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 390 | <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
|
---|
| 391 | links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 392 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
|
---|
| 393 | <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
|
---|
| 394 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 395 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 396 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 397 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 398 | <varlistentry id="portablectl">
|
---|
| 399 | <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 400 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 401 | <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 402 | system</para>
|
---|
| 403 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
|
---|
| 404 | <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
|
---|
| 405 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 406 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 407 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 408 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 409 | <varlistentry id="poweroff">
|
---|
| 410 | <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
|
---|
| 411 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 412 | <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
|
---|
[1118b17] | 413 | (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 414 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
|
---|
| 415 | <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
|
---|
| 416 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 417 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 418 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 419 |
|
---|
| 420 | <varlistentry id="reboot">
|
---|
| 421 | <term><command>reboot</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 422 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 423 | <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
|
---|
[1118b17] | 424 | <command>halt</command>)</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 425 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
|
---|
| 426 | <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 427 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 428 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 429 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 430 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 431 | <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
|
---|
| 432 | <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
|
---|
| 433 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 434 | <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
|
---|
[93058448] | 435 | <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 436 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
|
---|
| 437 | <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
|
---|
| 438 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 439 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 440 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 441 |
|
---|
| 442 | <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
|
---|
| 443 | <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 444 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 445 | <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
|
---|
| 446 | manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 447 | DNS records, and services.</para>
|
---|
| 448 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
|
---|
| 449 | <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
|
---|
| 450 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 451 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 452 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 453 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 454 | <varlistentry id="runlevel">
|
---|
| 455 | <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 456 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 457 | <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
|
---|
[1118b17] | 458 | last run-level record in <filename>/var/run/utmp</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 459 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
|
---|
| 460 | <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 461 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 462 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 463 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 464 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 465 | <varlistentry id="shutdown">
|
---|
| 466 | <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 467 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 468 | <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
|
---|
| 469 | all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 470 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
|
---|
| 471 | <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 472 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 473 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 474 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 475 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 476 | <varlistentry id="systemctl">
|
---|
| 477 | <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 478 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 479 | <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
|
---|
[1118b17] | 480 | and service manager</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 481 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
|
---|
| 482 | <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
|
---|
| 483 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 484 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 485 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 486 |
|
---|
| 487 | <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 488 | <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
|
---|
| 489 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 490 | <para>Is used to determine system startup performance of the current
|
---|
| 491 | boot, as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 492 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
|
---|
| 493 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
|
---|
| 494 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 495 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 496 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 497 |
|
---|
| 498 | <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 499 | <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
|
---|
| 500 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 501 | <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
|
---|
[1118b17] | 502 | using a question message specified on the command line</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 503 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
|
---|
| 504 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
|
---|
| 505 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 506 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 507 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 508 |
|
---|
| 509 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 510 | <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
|
---|
| 511 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 512 | <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
|
---|
| 513 | with the systemd journal.
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 514 | </para>
|
---|
| 515 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
|
---|
| 516 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
|
---|
| 517 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 518 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 519 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 520 |
|
---|
| 521 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 522 | <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
|
---|
| 523 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 524 | <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
|
---|
| 525 | group hierarchy in a tree</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 526 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
|
---|
| 527 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
|
---|
| 528 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 529 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 530 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 531 |
|
---|
| 532 | <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 533 | <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
|
---|
| 534 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 535 | <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
|
---|
| 536 | hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O load</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 537 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
|
---|
| 538 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
|
---|
| 539 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 540 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 541 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 542 |
|
---|
| 543 | <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 544 | <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
|
---|
| 545 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 546 | <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 547 | <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override default
|
---|
[1118b17] | 548 | counterparts in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 549 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
|
---|
| 550 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
|
---|
| 551 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 552 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 553 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 554 |
|
---|
| 555 | <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 556 | <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
|
---|
| 557 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 558 | <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
|
---|
| 559 | environment, and adjusts udev accordingly.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 560 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
|
---|
| 561 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
|
---|
| 562 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 563 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 564 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 565 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 566 | <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 567 | <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
|
---|
| 568 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 569 | <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
|
---|
[1118b17] | 570 | names</para>
|
---|
| 571 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
|
---|
| 572 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
|
---|
| 573 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 574 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 575 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 576 |
|
---|
| 577 | <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 578 | <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
|
---|
| 579 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 580 | <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 581 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
|
---|
| 582 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
|
---|
| 583 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 584 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 585 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 586 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 587 | <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
|
---|
| 588 | <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
|
---|
| 589 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 590 | <para>Generates and prints id128 strings</para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 591 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
|
---|
| 592 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
|
---|
| 593 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 594 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 595 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 596 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 597 | <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 598 | <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
|
---|
| 599 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 600 | <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
|
---|
| 601 | inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
|
---|
| 602 | until the process is completed.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 603 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
|
---|
| 604 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
|
---|
| 605 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 606 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 607 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 608 |
|
---|
| 609 | <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 610 | <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
|
---|
| 611 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 612 | <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
|
---|
[1118b17] | 613 | stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
|
---|
| 614 | randomly generated ID</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 615 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
|
---|
| 616 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
|
---|
| 617 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 618 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 619 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 620 |
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 621 | <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
|
---|
| 622 | <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
|
---|
| 623 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 624 | <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks.</para>
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 625 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
|
---|
| 626 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
|
---|
| 627 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 628 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 629 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 630 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 631 | <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 632 | <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
|
---|
| 633 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 634 | <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system about status
|
---|
[1118b17] | 635 | changes</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 636 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
|
---|
| 637 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
|
---|
| 638 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 639 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 640 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 641 |
|
---|
| 642 | <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 643 | <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
|
---|
| 644 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 645 | <para>Is used to run a command or OS in a light-weight namespace
|
---|
[1118b17] | 646 | container</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 647 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
|
---|
| 648 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
|
---|
| 649 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 650 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 651 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 652 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 653 | <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
|
---|
| 654 | <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
|
---|
| 655 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 656 | <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 657 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
|
---|
| 658 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
|
---|
| 659 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 660 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 661 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 662 |
|
---|
[c06f49a] | 663 | <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
|
---|
| 664 | <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
|
---|
| 665 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 666 | <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
|
---|
[c06f49a] | 667 | systemd is used in an OS image (e.g. a container).</para>
|
---|
| 668 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
|
---|
| 669 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
|
---|
| 670 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 671 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 672 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 673 |
|
---|
[1118b17] | 674 | <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 675 | <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
|
---|
| 676 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 677 | <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
|
---|
[1118b17] | 678 | resource records, and services</para>
|
---|
| 679 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
|
---|
| 680 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
|
---|
| 681 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 682 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 683 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 684 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 685 | <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
|
---|
| 686 | <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
|
---|
| 687 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 688 | <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
|
---|
| 689 | unit and run the specified command in it. This is useful for
|
---|
| 690 | validating systemd units.</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 691 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
|
---|
| 692 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
|
---|
| 693 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 694 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 695 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 696 |
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 697 | <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
|
---|
| 698 | <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
|
---|
| 699 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 700 | <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
|
---|
| 701 | a successful connection to the socket.</para>
|
---|
[13c8b42] | 702 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
|
---|
| 703 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
|
---|
| 704 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 705 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 706 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 707 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 708 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 709 | <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
|
---|
| 710 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 711 | <para>Creates, deletes and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
|
---|
| 712 | directories, based on the configuration file format and location
|
---|
| 713 | specified in
|
---|
| 714 | <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 715 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
|
---|
| 716 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
|
---|
| 717 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 718 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 719 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 720 |
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 721 | <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
|
---|
| 722 | <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
|
---|
| 723 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 724 | <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
|
---|
[78cc3be] | 725 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
|
---|
| 726 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
|
---|
| 727 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 728 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 729 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 730 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 731 | <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 732 | <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
|
---|
| 733 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 734 | <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
|
---|
| 735 | requests</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 736 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
|
---|
| 737 | <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
|
---|
| 738 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 739 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 740 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 741 |
|
---|
| 742 | <varlistentry id="telinit">
|
---|
| 743 | <term><command>telinit</command></term>
|
---|
| 744 | <listitem>
|
---|
[1118b17] | 745 | <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
|
---|
| 746 | to</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 747 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
|
---|
| 748 | <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
|
---|
| 749 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 750 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 751 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 752 |
|
---|
| 753 | <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
|
---|
| 754 | <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
|
---|
| 755 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 756 | <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 757 | </para>
|
---|
| 758 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
|
---|
| 759 | <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 760 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 761 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 762 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 763 |
|
---|
| 764 | <varlistentry id="udevadm">
|
---|
| 765 | <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
|
---|
| 766 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 767 | <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
|
---|
| 768 | daemon, provides info from the Udev hardware database, monitors
|
---|
| 769 | uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
|
---|
| 770 | triggers uevents for a given device</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 771 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 772 | <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
|
---|
| 773 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 774 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 775 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 776 |
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 777 | <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
|
---|
| 778 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 779 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 780 | <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 781 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
|
---|
| 782 | <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 783 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 784 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 785 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 786 |
|
---|
| 787 | <varlistentry id="libudev">
|
---|
| 788 | <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
|
---|
| 789 | <listitem>
|
---|
[9e7475a] | 790 | <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
|
---|
[cba2d4e] | 791 | <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
|
---|
[f896e21c] | 792 | <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
|
---|
| 793 | </indexterm>
|
---|
| 794 | </listitem>
|
---|
| 795 | </varlistentry>
|
---|
| 796 |
|
---|
| 797 | </variablelist>
|
---|
| 798 |
|
---|
| 799 | </sect2>
|
---|
| 800 |
|
---|
| 801 | </sect1>
|
---|