source: chapter08/systemd.xml@ 89c61e5

multilib
Last change on this file since 89c61e5 was 6c474a7, checked in by Thomas Trepl <thomas@…>, 6 months ago

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1<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
2<!DOCTYPE sect1 PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3 "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd" [
4 <!ENTITY % general-entities SYSTEM "../general.ent">
5 %general-entities;
6]>
7
8<sect1 id="ch-system-systemd" role="wrap" revision="systemd">
9 <?dbhtml filename="systemd.html"?>
10
11 <sect1info condition="script">
12 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <productnumber>&systemd-version;</productnumber>
14 <address>&systemd-url;</address>
15 </sect1info>
16
17 <title>Systemd-&systemd-version;</title>
18
19 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd">
20 <primary sortas="a-systemd">systemd</primary>
21 </indexterm>
22
23 <sect2 role="package">
24 <title/>
25
26 <para>The systemd package contains programs for controlling the startup,
27 running, and shutdown of the system.</para>
28
29 <segmentedlist>
30 <segtitle>&buildtime;</segtitle>
31 <segtitle>&diskspace;</segtitle>
32
33 <seglistitem>
34 <seg>&systemd-fin-sbu;</seg>
35 <seg>&systemd-fin-du;</seg>
36 </seglistitem>
37 </segmentedlist>
38 </sect2>
39
40 <sect2 role="installation">
41 <title>Installation of systemd</title>
42
43 <para>Remove two unneeded groups,
44 <systemitem class="groupname">render</systemitem> and
45 <systemitem class="groupname">sgx</systemitem>, from the default udev
46 rules:</para>
47
48 <screen><userinput remap="pre">sed -i -e 's/GROUP="render"/GROUP="video"/' \
49 -e 's/GROUP="sgx", //' rules.d/50-udev-default.rules.in</userinput></screen>
50
51 <!-- https://github.com/systemd/systemd/pull/30549 -->
52 <para>Now fix a security vulnerability in the DNSSEC verification of
53 <command>systemd-resolved</command>:</para>
54
55<screen><userinput remap='pre'>sed -e '/return FLAGS_SET.*AUTHENTICATED/s/(t/(dt/' \
56 -i src/resolve/resolved-dns-transaction.c</userinput></screen>
57
58 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
59
60<screen><userinput remap="configure">mkdir -p build
61cd build
62
63meson setup \
64 --prefix=/usr \
65 --buildtype=release \
66 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
67 -Dfirstboot=false \
68 -Dinstall-tests=false \
69 -Dldconfig=false \
70 -Dsysusers=false \
71 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
72 -Dhomed=disabled \
73 -Duserdb=false \
74 -Dman=false \
75 -Dmode=release \
76 -Dpamconfdir=no \
77 -Ddev-kvm-mode=0660 \
78 -Dnobody-group=nogroup \
79 -Dsysupdate=disabled \
80 -Dukify=disabled \
81 -Ddocdir=/usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version; \
82 ..</userinput></screen>
83
84 <variablelist>
85 <title>The meaning of the meson options:</title>
86
87 <varlistentry>
88 <term><parameter>--buildtype=release</parameter></term>
89 <listitem>
90 <para>This switch overrides the default buildtype
91 (<quote>debug</quote>), which produces unoptimized
92 binaries.</para>
93 </listitem>
94 </varlistentry>
95
96 <varlistentry>
97 <term><parameter>-Ddefault-dnssec=no</parameter></term>
98 <listitem>
99 <para>This switch turns off the experimental DNSSEC support.</para>
100 </listitem>
101 </varlistentry>
102
103 <varlistentry>
104 <term><parameter>-Dfirstboot=false</parameter></term>
105 <listitem>
106 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
107 services responsible for setting up the system for
108 the first time. These are not useful in LFS, because
109 everything is done manually.</para>
110 </listitem>
111 </varlistentry>
112
113 <varlistentry>
114 <term><parameter>-Dinstall-tests=false</parameter></term>
115 <listitem>
116 <para>This switch prevents installation of the compiled tests.</para>
117 </listitem>
118 </varlistentry>
119
120 <varlistentry>
121 <term><parameter>-Dldconfig=false</parameter></term>
122 <listitem>
123 <para>This switch prevents installation of a systemd unit that runs
124 <command>ldconfig</command> at boot; this is not useful for source
125 distributions such as LFS, and makes the boot time longer. Remove
126 this option to enable running <command>ldconfig</command> at boot.</para>
127 </listitem>
128 </varlistentry>
129
130 <varlistentry>
131 <term><parameter>-Dsysusers=false</parameter></term>
132 <listitem>
133 <para>This switch prevents installation of systemd
134 services responsible for setting up the
135 <filename>/etc/group</filename> and
136 <filename>/etc/passwd</filename> files. Both files
137 were created in the previous chapter. This daemon is not useful
138 on an LFS system since user accounts are manually created.</para>
139 </listitem>
140 </varlistentry>
141
142 <varlistentry>
143 <term><parameter>-Drpmmacrosdir=no</parameter></term>
144 <listitem>
145 <para>This switch disables installation of RPM Macros
146 for use with systemd, because LFS does not support RPM.</para>
147 </listitem>
148 </varlistentry>
149
150 <varlistentry>
151 <term><parameter>-Dhomed=disabled</parameter> and
152 <parameter>-Duserdb=false</parameter></term>
153 <listitem>
154 <para>Remove two daemons with dependencies that do not fit
155 within the scope of LFS.</para>
156 </listitem>
157 </varlistentry>
158
159 <varlistentry>
160 <term><parameter>-Dman=false</parameter></term>
161 <listitem>
162 <para>Prevent the generation of man pages to avoid extra
163 dependencies. We will install pre-generated man pages for systemd
164 from a tarball.</para>
165 </listitem>
166 </varlistentry>
167
168 <varlistentry>
169 <term><parameter>-Dmode=release</parameter></term>
170 <listitem>
171 <para>Disable some features considered experimental by upstream.
172 </para>
173 </listitem>
174 </varlistentry>
175
176 <varlistentry>
177 <term><parameter>-Dpamconfdir=no</parameter></term>
178 <listitem>
179 <para>Prevent the installation of a PAM configuration file not
180 functional on LFS.</para>
181 </listitem>
182 </varlistentry>
183
184 <varlistentry>
185 <term><parameter>-Ddev-kvm-mode=0660</parameter></term>
186 <listitem>
187 <para>The default udev rule would allow all users to access
188 <filename class='devicefile'>/dev/kvm</filename>. The editors
189 consider it dangerous. This option overrides it.</para>
190 </listitem>
191 </varlistentry>
192
193 <varlistentry>
194 <term><parameter>-Dnobody-group=nogroup</parameter></term>
195 <listitem>
196 <para>Tell the package the group name with GID 65534 is
197 <systemitem class='groupname'>nogroup</systemitem>.</para>
198 </listitem>
199 </varlistentry>
200
201 <varlistentry>
202 <term><parameter>-Dsysupdate=disabled</parameter></term>
203 <listitem>
204 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-sysupdate</command>
205 tool. It's designed for automatically upgrading binary distros,
206 so it's useless for a basic Linux system built from source.
207 And it will report errors on boot if it's enabled but not properly
208 configured.</para>
209 </listitem>
210 </varlistentry>
211
212 <varlistentry>
213 <term><parameter>-Dukify=disabled</parameter></term>
214 <listitem>
215 <para>Do not install the <command>systemd-ukify</command> script.
216 At runtime this script requires the
217 <application>pefile</application> Python module that neither LFS
218 nor BLFS provides.</para>
219 </listitem>
220 </varlistentry>
221
222 </variablelist>
223
224 <para>Compile the package:</para>
225
226<screen><userinput remap="make">ninja</userinput></screen>
227
228 <para>Install the package:</para>
229
230<screen><userinput remap="install">ninja install</userinput></screen>
231
232 <para>Install the man pages:</para>
233
234 <!-- Please make sure systemd man pages tarball has a common leading
235 component in the path. -->
236<screen><userinput remap="install">tar -xf ../../systemd-man-pages-&systemd-version;.tar.xz \
237 --no-same-owner --strip-components=1 \
238 -C /usr/share/man</userinput></screen>
239
240 <para>Create the <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> file needed by
241 <command>systemd-journald</command>:</para>
242
243<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemd-machine-id-setup</userinput></screen>
244
245 <para>Set up the basic target structure:</para>
246
247<screen><userinput remap="adjust">systemctl preset-all</userinput></screen>
248
249<!-- dev: 50-pid-max.conf is not removed in BLFS, so I commented the following out.
250 If it causes any trouble, we can add this back and also copy it into BLFS -->
251<!--
252 <para>Prevent systemd from resetting the maximum PID value which causes
253 some problems with packages and units in BLFS:</para>
254
255<screen><userinput remap="adjust">rm -f /usr/lib/sysctl.d/50-pid-max.conf</userinput></screen>
256-->
257
258 </sect2>
259
260 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
261 <!-- Multilib - 32bit -->
262 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
263
264 <sect2 arch="ml_32,ml_all" role="installation">
265 <title>Installation of systemd - 32-bit</title>
266
267 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
268
269<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
270
271 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
272
273<!-- screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /tools/bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen -->
274<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
275
276<!-- with cross-LFS we have util-linux in place:
277 <para>Because we have not yet installed the final version of Util-Linux,
278 create links to the libraries in the approprite location:</para>
279
280<screen><userinput remap="pre">for file in /tools/lib32/lib{blkid,mount,uuid}*; do
281 ln -sf $file /usr/lib32/
282done</userinput></screen>
283-->
284
285 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
286
287 <screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/lib32/pkgconfig" \
288CC="gcc -m32 -march=i686" \
289CXX="g++ -m32 -march=i686" \
290LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
291meson --prefix=/usr \
292 --sysconfdir=/etc \
293 --localstatedir=/var \
294 --libdir=/usr/lib32 \
295 -Drootlibdir=/usr/lib32 \
296 -Dblkid=true \
297 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
298 -Dfirstboot=false \
299 -Dinstall-tests=false \
300 -Dldconfig=false \
301 -Dsysusers=false \
302 -Db_lto=false \
303 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
304 -Dhomed=false \
305 -Duserdb=false \
306 -Dman=false \
307 -Dmode=release \
308 ..</userinput></screen>
309
310 <para>Compile the package:</para>
311
312<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
313
314 <para>Install the package:</para>
315
316<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
317cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/lib32/* /usr/lib32
318rm -rf DESTDIR
319rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
320
321 </sect2><!-- m32 -->
322
323 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
324 <!-- Multilib - x32bit -->
325 <!-- - - - - - - - - - -->
326
327 <sect2 arch="ml_x32,ml_all" role="installation">
328 <title>Installation of systemd - x32-bit</title>
329
330 <para>Clean previous build:</para>
331
332<screen><userinput remap="pre">rm -rf *</userinput></screen>
333
334 <para>Create a symlink to work around missing xsltproc:</para>
335
336<screen><userinput remap="pre">ln -sf /bin/true /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
337<!--
338 <para>Fix an issue on x32:</para>
339
340<screen><userinput remap="pre">sed '/log_debug/s@PRI_TIMEX@PRIi64@' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.c
341sed '/long drift_freq;/s@long @int64_t @' -i src/timesync/timesyncd-manager.h</userinput></screen>
342-->
343 <para>Prepare systemd for compilation:</para>
344
345<screen><userinput remap="configure">PKG_CONFIG_PATH="/usr/libx32/pkgconfig" \
346CC="gcc -mx32" \
347CXX="g++ -mx32" \
348CFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
349CXXFLAGS+=" -Wno-error=shift-overflow" \
350LANG=en_US.UTF-8 \
351meson --prefix=/usr \
352 --sysconfdir=/etc \
353 --localstatedir=/var \
354 --libdir=/usr/libx32 \
355 -Drootlibdir=/usr/libx32 \
356 -Dblkid=true \
357 -Ddefault-dnssec=no \
358 -Dfirstboot=false \
359 -Dinstall-tests=false \
360 -Dldconfig=false \
361 -Dsysusers=false \
362 -Db_lto=false \
363 -Drpmmacrosdir=no \
364 -Dhomed=false \
365 -Duserdb=false \
366 -Dman=false \
367 -Dmode=release \
368 ..</userinput></screen>
369
370 <para>Compile the package:</para>
371
372<screen><userinput remap="make">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 ninja</userinput></screen>
373
374 <para>Install the package:</para>
375
376<screen><userinput remap="install">LANG=en_US.UTF-8 DESTDIR=$PWD/DESTDIR ninja install
377cp -Rv DESTDIR/usr/libx32/* /usr/libx32
378rm -rf DESTDIR
379rm -f /usr/bin/xsltproc</userinput></screen>
380
381 </sect2><!-- mx32 -->
382
383 <sect2 id="contents-systemd" role="content">
384 <title>Contents of systemd</title>
385
386 <segmentedlist>
387 <segtitle>Installed programs</segtitle>
388 <segtitle>Installed libraries</segtitle>
389 <segtitle>Installed directories</segtitle>
390
391 <seglistitem>
392 <seg>busctl, coredumpctl, halt (symlink to systemctl),
393 hostnamectl, init, journalctl, kernel-install, localectl, loginctl,
394 machinectl, mount.ddi (symlink to systemd-dissect), networkctl,
395 oomctl, portablectl, poweroff (symlink to
396 systemctl), reboot (symlink to systemctl), resolvconf (symlink to
397 resolvectl), resolvectl, runlevel (symlink to systemctl), shutdown
398 (symlink to systemctl), systemctl, systemd-ac-power, systemd-analyze,
399 systemd-ask-password, systemd-cat, systemd-cgls, systemd-cgtop,
400 systemd-confext (symlink to systemd-sysext), systemd-creds,
401 systemd-delta, systemd-detect-virt,
402 systemd-dissect, systemd-escape, systemd-hwdb, systemd-id128,
403 systemd-inhibit, systemd-machine-id-setup,
404 systemd-mount, systemd-notify, systemd-nspawn, systemd-path,
405 systemd-repart, systemd-resolve (symlink to resolvectl), systemd-run,
406 systemd-socket-activate, systemd-stdio-bridge, systemd-sysext,
407 systemd-tmpfiles, systemd-tty-ask-password-agent,
408 systemd-umount (symlink to systemd-mount),
409 telinit (symlink to systemctl), timedatectl, and udevadm</seg>
410 <seg>libnss_myhostname.so.2, libnss_mymachines.so.2,
411 libnss_resolve.so.2, libnss_systemd.so.2,
412 libsystemd.so, libsystemd-shared-&systemd-version;.so (in /usr/lib/systemd),
413 and libudev.so</seg>
414 <seg>/etc/binfmt.d, /etc/init.d, /etc/kernel, /etc/modules-load.d,
415 /etc/sysctl.d, /etc/systemd, /etc/tmpfiles.d, /etc/udev,
416 /etc/xdg/systemd, /usr/lib/systemd, /usr/lib/udev, /usr/include/systemd,
417 /usr/lib/binfmt.d, /usr/lib/environment.d, /usr/lib/kernel,
418 /usr/lib/modules-load.d, /usr/lib/sysctl.d, /usr/lib/systemd,
419 /usr/lib/tmpfiles.d,
420 /usr/share/doc/systemd-&systemd-version;, /usr/share/factory,
421 /usr/share/systemd, /var/lib/systemd, and /var/log/journal</seg>
422 </seglistitem>
423 </segmentedlist>
424
425 <variablelist>
426 <bridgehead renderas="sect3">Short Descriptions</bridgehead>
427 <?dbfo list-presentation="list"?>
428 <?dbhtml list-presentation="table"?>
429
430 <varlistentry id="busctl">
431 <term><command>busctl</command></term>
432 <listitem>
433 <para>Is used to introspect and monitor the D-Bus bus</para>
434 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd busctl">
435 <primary sortas="b-busctl">busctl</primary>
436 </indexterm>
437 </listitem>
438 </varlistentry>
439
440 <varlistentry id="coredumpctl">
441 <term><command>coredumpctl</command></term>
442 <listitem>
443 <para>Is used to retrieve coredumps from the systemd journal</para>
444 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd coredumpctl">
445 <primary sortas="b-coredumpctl">coredumpctl</primary>
446 </indexterm>
447 </listitem>
448 </varlistentry>
449
450 <varlistentry id="halt">
451 <term><command>halt</command></term>
452 <listitem>
453 <para>Normally invokes <command>shutdown</command> with the
454 <parameter>-h</parameter> option, except when already in run-level 0,
455 when it tells the kernel to halt the system; it notes in the
456 file <filename>/var/log/wtmp</filename> that the system is being
457 brought down</para>
458 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd halt">
459 <primary sortas="b-halt">halt</primary>
460 </indexterm>
461 </listitem>
462 </varlistentry>
463
464 <varlistentry id="hostnamectl">
465 <term><command>hostnamectl</command></term>
466 <listitem>
467 <para>Is used to query and change the system hostname and related
468 settings</para>
469 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd hostnamectl">
470 <primary sortas="b-hostnamectl">hostnamectl</primary>
471 </indexterm>
472 </listitem>
473 </varlistentry>
474
475 <varlistentry id="init">
476 <term><command>init</command></term>
477 <listitem>
478 <para>Is the first process to be started after the kernel has initialized
479 the hardware; <command>init</command> takes over the boot process and starts the
480 processes specified by its configuration files; in this case, it starts
481 systemd</para>
482 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd init">
483 <primary sortas="b-init">init</primary>
484 </indexterm>
485 </listitem>
486 </varlistentry>
487
488 <varlistentry id="journalctl">
489 <term><command>journalctl</command></term>
490 <listitem>
491 <para>Is used to query the contents of the systemd journal</para>
492 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd journalctl">
493 <primary sortas="b-journalctl">journalctl</primary>
494 </indexterm>
495 </listitem>
496 </varlistentry>
497
498 <varlistentry id="kernel-install">
499 <term><command>kernel-install</command></term>
500 <listitem>
501 <para>Is used to add and remove kernel and initramfs images to and
502 from /boot; in LFS, this is done manually</para>
503 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd kernel-install">
504 <primary sortas="b-kernel-install">kernel-install</primary>
505 </indexterm>
506 </listitem>
507 </varlistentry>
508
509 <varlistentry id="localectl">
510 <term><command>localectl</command></term>
511 <listitem>
512 <para>Is used to query and change the system locale and keyboard layout
513 settings</para>
514 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd localectl">
515 <primary sortas="b-localectl">localectl</primary>
516 </indexterm>
517 </listitem>
518 </varlistentry>
519
520 <varlistentry id="loginctl">
521 <term><command>loginctl</command></term>
522 <listitem>
523 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Login
524 Manager</para>
525 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd loginctl">
526 <primary sortas="b-loginctl">loginctl</primary>
527 </indexterm>
528 </listitem>
529 </varlistentry>
530
531 <varlistentry id="machinectl">
532 <term><command>machinectl</command></term>
533 <listitem>
534 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd Virtual
535 Machine and Container Registration Manager</para>
536 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd machinectl">
537 <primary sortas="b-machinectl">machinectl</primary>
538 </indexterm>
539 </listitem>
540 </varlistentry>
541
542 <varlistentry id="networkctl">
543 <term><command>networkctl</command></term>
544 <listitem>
545 <para>Is used to introspect and configure the state of the network
546 links configured by systemd-networkd</para>
547 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd networkctl">
548 <primary sortas="b-networkctl">networkctl</primary>
549 </indexterm>
550 </listitem>
551 </varlistentry>
552
553 <varlistentry id="oomctl">
554 <term><command>oomctl</command></term>
555 <listitem>
556 <para>Controls the systemd Out Of Memory daemon</para>
557 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd oomctl">
558 <primary sortas="b-oomctl">oomctl</primary>
559 </indexterm>
560 </listitem>
561 </varlistentry>
562
563 <varlistentry id="portablectl">
564 <term><command>portablectl</command></term>
565 <listitem>
566 <para>Is used to attach or detach portable services from the local
567 system</para>
568 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd portablectl">
569 <primary sortas="b-portablectl">portablectl</primary>
570 </indexterm>
571 </listitem>
572 </varlistentry>
573
574 <varlistentry id="poweroff">
575 <term><command>poweroff</command></term>
576 <listitem>
577 <para>Instructs the kernel to halt the system and switch off the computer
578 (see <command>halt</command>)</para>
579 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd poweroff">
580 <primary sortas="b-poweroff">poweroff</primary>
581 </indexterm>
582 </listitem>
583 </varlistentry>
584
585 <varlistentry id="reboot">
586 <term><command>reboot</command></term>
587 <listitem>
588 <para>Instructs the kernel to reboot the system (see
589 <command>halt</command>)</para>
590 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd reboot">
591 <primary sortas="b-reboot">reboot</primary>
592 </indexterm>
593 </listitem>
594 </varlistentry>
595
596 <varlistentry id="resolvconf">
597 <term><command>resolvconf</command></term>
598 <listitem>
599 <para>Registers DNS server and domain configuration with
600 <command>systemd-resolved</command></para>
601 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvconf">
602 <primary sortas="b-resolvconf">resolvconf</primary>
603 </indexterm>
604 </listitem>
605 </varlistentry>
606
607 <varlistentry id="resolvectl">
608 <term><command>resolvectl</command></term>
609 <listitem>
610 <para>Sends control commands to the network name resolution
611 manager, or resolves domain names, IPv4 and IPv6 addresses,
612 DNS records, and services</para>
613 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd resolvectl">
614 <primary sortas="b-resolvectl">resolvectl</primary>
615 </indexterm>
616 </listitem>
617 </varlistentry>
618
619 <varlistentry id="runlevel">
620 <term><command>runlevel</command></term>
621 <listitem>
622 <para>Outputs the previous and the current run-level, as noted in the
623 last run-level record in <filename>/run/utmp</filename></para>
624 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd runlevel">
625 <primary sortas="b-runlevel">runlevel</primary>
626 </indexterm>
627 </listitem>
628 </varlistentry>
629
630 <varlistentry id="shutdown">
631 <term><command>shutdown</command></term>
632 <listitem>
633 <para>Brings the system down in a safe and secure manner, signaling
634 all processes and notifying all logged-in users</para>
635 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd shutdown">
636 <primary sortas="b-shutdown">shutdown</primary>
637 </indexterm>
638 </listitem>
639 </varlistentry>
640
641 <varlistentry id="systemctl">
642 <term><command>systemctl</command></term>
643 <listitem>
644 <para>Is used to introspect and control the state of the systemd system
645 and service manager</para>
646 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemctl">
647 <primary sortas="b-systemctl">systemctl</primary>
648 </indexterm>
649 </listitem>
650 </varlistentry>
651
652 <varlistentry id="systemd-ac-power">
653 <term><command>systemd-ac-power</command></term>
654 <listitem>
655 <para>Reports whether the system is connected to an external
656 power source.</para>
657 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ac-power">
658 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ac-power">systemd-ac-power</primary>
659 </indexterm>
660 </listitem>
661 </varlistentry>
662
663 <varlistentry id="systemd-analyze">
664 <term><command>systemd-analyze</command></term>
665 <listitem>
666 <para>Is used to analyze system startup performance,
667 as well as identify troublesome systemd units</para>
668 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-analyze">
669 <primary sortas="b-systemd-analyze">systemd-analyze</primary>
670 </indexterm>
671 </listitem>
672 </varlistentry>
673
674 <varlistentry id="systemd-ask-password">
675 <term><command>systemd-ask-password</command></term>
676 <listitem>
677 <para>Is used to query a system password or passphrase from the user,
678 using a message specified on the Linux command line</para>
679 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-ask-password">
680 <primary sortas="b-systemd-ask-password">systemd-ask-password</primary>
681 </indexterm>
682 </listitem>
683 </varlistentry>
684
685 <varlistentry id="systemd-cat">
686 <term><command>systemd-cat</command></term>
687 <listitem>
688 <para>Is used to connect the STDOUT and STDERR outputs of a process
689 with the systemd journal
690 </para>
691 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cat">
692 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cat">systemd-cat</primary>
693 </indexterm>
694 </listitem>
695 </varlistentry>
696
697 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgls">
698 <term><command>systemd-cgls</command></term>
699 <listitem>
700 <para>Recursively shows the contents of the selected Linux control
701 group hierarchy in a tree</para>
702 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgls">
703 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgls">systemd-cgls</primary>
704 </indexterm>
705 </listitem>
706 </varlistentry>
707
708 <varlistentry id="systemd-cgtop">
709 <term><command>systemd-cgtop</command></term>
710 <listitem>
711 <para>Shows the top control groups of the local Linux control group
712 hierarchy, ordered by their CPU, memory and disk I/O loads</para>
713 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-cgtop">
714 <primary sortas="b-systemd-cgtop">systemd-cgtop</primary>
715 </indexterm>
716 </listitem>
717 </varlistentry>
718
719 <varlistentry id="systemd-creds">
720 <term><command>systemd-creds</command></term>
721 <listitem>
722 <para>Displays and processes credentials</para>
723 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-creds">
724 <primary sortas="b-systemd-creds">systemd-creds</primary>
725 </indexterm>
726 </listitem>
727 </varlistentry>
728
729 <varlistentry id="systemd-delta">
730 <term><command>systemd-delta</command></term>
731 <listitem>
732 <para>Is used to identify and compare configuration files in
733 <filename class="directory">/etc</filename> that override the defaults
734 in <filename class="directory">/usr</filename></para>
735 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-delta">
736 <primary sortas="b-systemd-delta">systemd-delta</primary>
737 </indexterm>
738 </listitem>
739 </varlistentry>
740
741 <varlistentry id="systemd-detect-virt">
742 <term><command>systemd-detect-virt</command></term>
743 <listitem>
744 <para>Detects whether the system is being run in a virtual
745 environment, and adjusts udev accordingly</para>
746 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-detect-virt">
747 <primary sortas="b-systemd-detect-virt">systemd-detect-virt</primary>
748 </indexterm>
749 </listitem>
750 </varlistentry>
751
752 <varlistentry id="systemd-dissect">
753 <term><command>systemd-dissect</command></term>
754 <listitem>
755 <para>Is used to inspect OS disk images</para>
756 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-dissect">
757 <primary sortas="b-systemd-dissect">systemd-dissect</primary>
758 </indexterm>
759 </listitem>
760 </varlistentry>
761
762 <varlistentry id="systemd-escape">
763 <term><command>systemd-escape</command></term>
764 <listitem>
765 <para>Is used to escape strings for inclusion in systemd unit
766 names</para>
767 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-escape">
768 <primary sortas="b-systemd-escape">systemd-escape</primary>
769 </indexterm>
770 </listitem>
771 </varlistentry>
772
773 <varlistentry id="systemd-hwdb">
774 <term><command>systemd-hwdb</command></term>
775 <listitem>
776 <para>Is used to manage the hardware database (hwdb)</para>
777 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-hwdb">
778 <primary sortas="b-systemd-hwdb">systemd-hwdb</primary>
779 </indexterm>
780 </listitem>
781 </varlistentry>
782
783 <varlistentry id="systemd-id128">
784 <term><command>systemd-id128</command></term>
785 <listitem>
786 <para>Generates and prints id128 (UUID) strings</para>
787 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-id128">
788 <primary sortas="b-systemd-id128">systemd-id128</primary>
789 </indexterm>
790 </listitem>
791 </varlistentry>
792
793 <varlistentry id="systemd-inhibit">
794 <term><command>systemd-inhibit</command></term>
795 <listitem>
796 <para>Is used to execute a program with a shutdown, sleep or idle
797 inhibitor lock taken, preventing an action such as a system shutdown
798 until the process is completed</para>
799 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-inhibit">
800 <primary sortas="b-systemd-inhibit">systemd-inhibit</primary>
801 </indexterm>
802 </listitem>
803 </varlistentry>
804
805 <varlistentry id="systemd-machine-id-setup">
806 <term><command>systemd-machine-id-setup</command></term>
807 <listitem>
808 <para>Is used by system installer tools to initialize the machine ID
809 stored in <filename>/etc/machine-id</filename> at install time with a
810 randomly generated ID</para>
811 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-machine-id-setup">
812 <primary sortas="b-systemd-machine-id-setup">systemd-machine-id-setup</primary>
813 </indexterm>
814 </listitem>
815 </varlistentry>
816
817 <varlistentry id="systemd-mount">
818 <term><command>systemd-mount</command></term>
819 <listitem>
820 <para>Is used to temporarily mount or automount disks</para>
821 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-mount">
822 <primary sortas="b-systemd-mount">systemd-mount</primary>
823 </indexterm>
824 </listitem>
825 </varlistentry>
826
827 <varlistentry id="systemd-notify">
828 <term><command>systemd-notify</command></term>
829 <listitem>
830 <para>Is used by daemon scripts to notify the init system of status
831 changes</para>
832 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-notify">
833 <primary sortas="b-systemd-notify">systemd-notify</primary>
834 </indexterm>
835 </listitem>
836 </varlistentry>
837
838 <varlistentry id="systemd-nspawn">
839 <term><command>systemd-nspawn</command></term>
840 <listitem>
841 <para>Is used to run a command, or an entire OS, in a light-weight namespace
842 container</para>
843 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-nspawn">
844 <primary sortas="b-systemd-nspawn">systemd-nspawn</primary>
845 </indexterm>
846 </listitem>
847 </varlistentry>
848
849 <varlistentry id="systemd-path">
850 <term><command>systemd-path</command></term>
851 <listitem>
852 <para>Is used to query system and user paths</para>
853 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-path">
854 <primary sortas="b-systemd-path">systemd-path</primary>
855 </indexterm>
856 </listitem>
857 </varlistentry>
858
859 <varlistentry id="systemd-repart">
860 <term><command>systemd-repart</command></term>
861 <listitem>
862 <para>Is used to grow and add partitions to a partition table when
863 systemd is used with an OS image (e.g. a container)</para>
864 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-repart">
865 <primary sortas="b-systemd-repart">systemd-repart</primary>
866 </indexterm>
867 </listitem>
868 </varlistentry>
869
870 <varlistentry id="systemd-resolve">
871 <term><command>systemd-resolve</command></term>
872 <listitem>
873 <para>Is used to resolve domain names, IPV4 and IPv6 addresses, DNS
874 resource records, and services</para>
875 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-resolve">
876 <primary sortas="b-systemd-resolve">systemd-resolve</primary>
877 </indexterm>
878 </listitem>
879 </varlistentry>
880
881 <varlistentry id="systemd-run">
882 <term><command>systemd-run</command></term>
883 <listitem>
884 <para>Is used to create and start a transient .service or a .scope
885 unit and run the specified command in it; this is useful for
886 validating systemd units</para>
887 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-run">
888 <primary sortas="b-systemd-run">systemd-run</primary>
889 </indexterm>
890 </listitem>
891 </varlistentry>
892
893 <varlistentry id="systemd-socket-activate">
894 <term><command>systemd-socket-activate</command></term>
895 <listitem>
896 <para>Is used to listen on socket devices and launch a process upon
897 a successful connection to the socket</para>
898 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-socket-activate">
899 <primary sortas="b-systemd-socket-activate">systemd-socket-activate</primary>
900 </indexterm>
901 </listitem>
902 </varlistentry>
903
904 <varlistentry id="systemd-sysext">
905 <term><command>systemd-sysext</command></term>
906 <listitem>
907 <para>Activates system extension images</para>
908 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-sysext">
909 <primary sortas="b-systemd-sysext">systemd-sysext</primary>
910 </indexterm>
911 </listitem>
912 </varlistentry>
913
914 <varlistentry id="systemd-tmpfiles">
915 <term><command>systemd-tmpfiles</command></term>
916 <listitem>
917 <para>Creates, deletes, and cleans up volatile and temporary files and
918 directories, based on the configuration file format and location
919 specified in
920 <filename class="directory">tmpfiles.d</filename> directories</para>
921 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tmpfiles">
922 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tmpfiles">systemd-tmpfiles</primary>
923 </indexterm>
924 </listitem>
925 </varlistentry>
926
927 <varlistentry id="systemd-umount">
928 <term><command>systemd-umount</command></term>
929 <listitem>
930 <para>Unmounts mount points</para>
931 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-umount">
932 <primary sortas="b-systemd-umount">systemd-umount</primary>
933 </indexterm>
934 </listitem>
935 </varlistentry>
936
937 <varlistentry id="systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
938 <term><command>systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</command></term>
939 <listitem>
940 <para>Is used to list and/or process pending systemd password
941 requests</para>
942 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">
943 <primary sortas="b-systemd-tty-ask-password-agent">systemd-tty-ask-password-agent</primary>
944 </indexterm>
945 </listitem>
946 </varlistentry>
947
948 <varlistentry id="telinit">
949 <term><command>telinit</command></term>
950 <listitem>
951 <para>Tells <command>init</command> which run-level to change
952 to</para>
953 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd telinit">
954 <primary sortas="b-telinit">telinit</primary>
955 </indexterm>
956 </listitem>
957 </varlistentry>
958
959 <varlistentry id="timedatectl">
960 <term><command>timedatectl</command></term>
961 <listitem>
962 <para>Is used to query and change the system clock and its settings
963 </para>
964 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd timedatectl">
965 <primary sortas="b-timedatectl">timedatectl</primary>
966 </indexterm>
967 </listitem>
968 </varlistentry>
969
970 <varlistentry id="udevadm">
971 <term><command>udevadm</command></term>
972 <listitem>
973 <para>Is a generic udev administration tool which controls the udevd
974 daemon, provides info from the udev hardware database, monitors
975 uevents, waits for uevents to finish, tests udev configuration, and
976 triggers uevents for a given device</para>
977 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd udevadm">
978 <primary sortas="b-udevadm">udevadm</primary>
979 </indexterm>
980 </listitem>
981 </varlistentry>
982
983 <varlistentry id="libsystemd">
984 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libsystemd</filename></term>
985 <listitem>
986 <para>Is the main systemd utility library</para>
987 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libsystemd">
988 <primary sortas="c-libsystemd">libsystemd</primary>
989 </indexterm>
990 </listitem>
991 </varlistentry>
992
993 <varlistentry id="libudev">
994 <term><filename class="libraryfile">libudev</filename></term>
995 <listitem>
996 <para>Is a library to access Udev device information</para>
997 <indexterm zone="ch-system-systemd libudev">
998 <primary sortas="c-libudev">libudev</primary>
999 </indexterm>
1000 </listitem>
1001 </varlistentry>
1002
1003 </variablelist>
1004
1005 </sect2>
1006
1007</sect1>
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